4.5 Review

The Critical Roles of Circular RNAs in Basic Research and Clinical Application of Female Reproductive-Related Diseases

Journal

REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
Volume 30, Issue 5, Pages 1421-1434

Publisher

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-01070-2

Keywords

circRNA; Female reproductive-related diseases; Recurrent spontaneous abortion; Preeclampsia; Endometriosis

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Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed circular molecules without 5' caps and 3' polyadenylated tails, produced by precursor mRNAs. Recent advances in sequencing, transcriptomics, and bioinformatics have revealed new roles for circRNAs in both physiological and pathological contexts, particularly in female reproductive-related diseases. This review highlights the progress in understanding the formation and function of circRNAs, their involvement in female reproductive diseases, and their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic agents. It also addresses research controversies, technical issues, and knowledge gaps in circRNA research.
Circular RNAs (circRNAs), produced by precursor mRNAs, are a type of covalently closed circular molecule without 5 ' caps and 3 ' polyadenylated tails. Recently, advances in high-throughput sequencing, transcriptomics and bioinformatics, have revealed that circRNAs with specific traits in tissue or cells play emerging roles in both physiological and panthological contexts instead of as simple by-products of transcription. However, bringing circRNAs to the forefront of clinical practice is still a long way off. In this review, we highlight the progress in the formation and function of circRNAs, and how circRNAs work in female reproductive-related diseases, such as recurrent spontaneous abortion, preeclampsia, and endometriosis. We also discussed the clinical potential of circRNAs as biomarkers, and therapeutic agents in female reproductive diseases as well as research controversies, technical issues, and biological knowledge gaps that need to be addressed. This review may instruct future basic research and clinical applications on circRNAs, especially in female reproduction.

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