Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Adina R. Kern-Goldberger, Richard James, Vincenzo Berghella, Emily S. Miller
Summary: This systematic review explores the impact of double-blind vs single-blind peer review on publication rates by perceived author gender. The results show mixed findings, but there is reasonable evidence suggesting the existence of gender bias in scientific publishing and the potential for double-blind review to mitigate its impact. It is important to further evaluate the processes in place to create unbiased evidence in fields with a majority of female professionals, such as obstetrics and gynecology.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Ecology
Charles W. Fox, Jennifer Meyer, Emilie Aime
Summary: There is substantial evidence that systemic biases influence the scholarly peer review process. The effectiveness of double-blind peer review in reducing these biases is uncertain, as few randomized trials have manipulated blinding of author identities for journal submissions.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cibele Cassia-Silva, Barbbara Silva Rocha, Luisa Fernanda Lievano-Latorre, Mariane Brom Sobreiro, Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas
Summary: Male researchers dominate scientific production in STEM, while potential mechanisms to avoid gender imbalance in ecology and evolution areas remain poorly explored. Our study tested the effect of the double-anonymized (DA) peer-review process in promoting female representation in EcoEvo articles and found that it did not significantly increase the percentage of female-leading authors. These findings suggest that adopting the DA system alone may not be sufficient in achieving gender equality in scientific publications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stephen A. Gallo, Karen B. Schmaling
Summary: In peer review, the evaluation of research proposal risks is a stronger predictor of scores than the evaluation of proposal strengths. Reviewer scoring leniency predicts overall and criteria scores. The interpretation of proposal risks contributes to reviewer scoring variability.
Article
Oncology
Nathalie D. McKenzie, Raymond Liu, Alden Chiu, Mariana Chavez-MacGregor, Dean Frohlich, Sarfraz Ahmad, Carolyn B. Hendricks
Summary: This article investigates implicit bias in the peer review process and proposes potential strategies to mitigate it.
JCO ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Misha Teplitskiy, Hao Peng, Andrea Blasco, Karim R. Lakhani
Summary: This study investigates the association between novelty and manuscript acceptance, finding that higher novelty is consistently associated with higher acceptance. Disagreement among peer reviewers was not related to novelty or conventionality, and editors tend to select manuscripts with higher novelty. This challenges the perception that peer review is inherently resistant to novelty.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ritesh Noothigattu, Nihar B. Shah, Ariel D. Procaccia
Summary: This paper addresses the issue of inconsistency in peer review by introducing a framework inspired by empirical risk minimization to learn the community's aggregate mapping. By choosing hyperparameters for L(p, q) loss functions and utilizing computational social choice, the absence of ground truth in the problem is dealt with, resulting in the application of the approach to reviews from IJCAI 2017.
JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Medical Ethics
Leslie D. Mcintosh, Cynthia Hudson Vitale
Summary: This study analyzes the expertise, conflicts of interest, and objectivity of editors, authors, and peer reviewers involved in a special journal issue on fertility, pregnancy, and mental health. The study reveals undisclosed conflicts of interest among some authors, editors, and peer reviewers, which compromises objectivity. The lack of transparency undermines the peer review process and allows for biased research and dissemination of misinformation.
ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-ETHICS INTEGRITY AND POLICY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Dana Strauss, Sophia Gran-Ruaz, Muna Osman, Monnica T. Williams, Sonya C. Faber
Summary: This article proposes key mechanisms underlying racial bias and censorship in the editorial and peer review process, using compelling case study examples from APA and other leading international journals. It highlights the need for more diverse researchers, perspectives, and topics in the field of psychology to meet the mental health needs of communities of colour. The article calls for several recommendations to ensure the APA can prioritize racial equity throughout the editorial and review process.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Forestry
Evgenios Agathokleous
Summary: This paper is specifically written for students at higher institutions or graduates who have published their first paper in a legitimate scientific journal, as they may soon start receiving invitations to act as a referee. A senior editor shares nine main suggestions and discusses do's and don'ts for peer reviewers, providing critical information for early career reviewers.
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Guangyao Zhang, Shenmeng Xu, Yao Sun, Chunlin Jiang, Xianwen Wang
Summary: Peer review is crucial in scholarly publishing, and review length can be an indicator of researchers' effort. Factors such as gender, country-level cultural backgrounds, and country-level economic backgrounds are significantly associated with review length. In addition, disciplines, English proficiency, publications, and verified reviews are also related to review length.
JOURNAL OF INFORMETRICS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Olivia M. Smith, Kayla L. Davis, Riley B. Pizza, Robin Waterman, Kara C. Dobson, Brianna Foster, Julie C. Jarvey, Leonard N. Jones, Wendy Leuenberger, Nan Nourn, Emily E. Conway, Cynthia M. Fiser, Zoe A. Hansen, Ani Hristova, Caitlin Mack, Alyssa N. Saunders, Olivia J. Utley, Moriah L. Young, Courtney L. Davis
Summary: A meta-analysis of peer-review data from over 300,000 biological sciences manuscripts indicates that authors from historically excluded groups experience worse review outcomes, and there is limited data on interventions to address bias in peer review. The study highlights the need for evidence-based strategies to mitigate bias and improve diversity in the peer review process, as well as the lack of implementation of such policies in current journals.
NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akira Matsui, Emily Chen, Yunwen Wang, Emilio Ferrara
Summary: This study uses open data from nearly 5,000 PeerJ publications to investigate the impact of peer-reviewing process on acceptance timeline and contribution potential of manuscripts. Findings suggest that peer reviewers choosing to reveal their names might influence review sentiment. Additionally, a taxonomy of manuscript modifications during revision sheds light on the changes authors make based on peer reviewer feedback.
Review
Biology
Stephen A. Gallo, Joanne H. Sullivan, Dajoie R. Croslan
Summary: This study examined the participation of MSI-based scientists in grant reviews and found a lower rate compared to TWI-based scientists. Barriers identified by MSI-based scientists included lack of invitations and limited time. However, the majority of respondents expressed interest in reviewing and receiving training.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ivan Stelmakh, Charvi Rastogi, Nihar Shah, Aarti Singh, I. I. I. Hal Daume
Summary: Peer review is crucial in academia, and it is important to understand and reduce biases in this process. This study investigates the influence of the first argument presented during peer-review discussions and finds no evidence of herding behavior.
Article
Business, Finance
Christian Koenig-Kersting, Stefan T. Trautmann, Razvan Vlahu
Summary: The study explores the impact of disclosure about bank fundamentals on depositors' behavior, considering economic linkages between financial institutions. It finds that disclosure is beneficial for bank stability when banks have strong fundamentals, but detrimental for banks with weaker fundamentals. Depositors also take economic linkages into account when assessing the significance of disclosed information.
JOURNAL OF BANKING & FINANCE
(2022)
Article
Economics
Christoph Huber, Juergen Huber, Michael Kirchler
Summary: This study investigates how volatility shocks affect investors' risk-taking, risk perception, and forecasts. Through artefactual field experiments, it is found that professional investors' investments are negatively associated with price changes and stock performance, and their perceived risk increases to a similar extent following shocks in all directions. In contrast, students' risk perception is more closely related to an increase in the frequency of negative returns rather than an increase in volatility.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hak Yeung, Juergen Huber
Summary: This paper replicated an investigation analyzing the relationship between China's Belt and Road investments and host countries' governance. Utilizing datasets from non-China sources, the study found significant positive impacts on some governance measures and no significant negative effects.
Article
Business, Finance
Robert Merl, Thomas Stoeckl, Stefan Palan
Summary: Modern capital markets are influenced by various interventions and regulations, some of which restrict the implementation of specific trading strategies. The interaction between different regulations in the market is not well understood. This study examines the impact of regulations on short selling and insider trading, and finds that allowing short positions and informed trading leads to increased market activity and reduced mispricing. However, there is no significant evidence of interaction effects between these two regulations.
JOURNAL OF BANKING & FINANCE
(2023)
Article
Economics
Franziska Heinicke, Christian Koenig-Kersting, Robert Schmidt
Summary: We experimentally investigate the role and reference group dependence in the elicitation of injunctive and descriptive social norms. The results show that elicited norms are generally stable, but dictators tend to shift injunctive norms in a self-serving direction when coordinating only among themselves. Additionally, participants overestimate the divergences in coordination outcomes and descriptive social norms have a stronger correlation with the dictator's allocation choices than injunctive norms.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Felix Holzmeister, Juergen Huberb, Michael Kirchler, Rene Schwaiger
Summary: The studies found that encouraging consumer debt repayments through variations in envelope design and letter content may not be effective and could even have counterproductive effects. In contrast to other studies, the results of this research suggest that the success of nudging interventions may be limited to certain conditions.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Shinichi Hirota, Juergen Huber, Thomas Stoeckl, Shyam Sunder
Summary: In this laboratory market experiment, we investigate the impact of speculative trading on prices in financial markets. The results show that when only speculative investors are present, there are larger price deviations from fundamentals, increased price volatility, higher levels of mispricing with more transfers, and speculative trading leads to upward (downward) price movements when money supply is high (low). Therefore, controlling the money supply can be helpful in stabilizing asset prices.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOR & ORGANIZATION
(2022)
Article
Economics
Rudolf Kerschbamer, Regine Oexl
Summary: This study explores the impact of unobservable random shocks on efficiency in dynamic and static relationships. The findings reveal that in dynamic relationships, these shocks have a lower negative effect on efficiency compared to static relationships. Further analysis indicates that a combination of repeated-game effect and noise-canceling effect is required to mitigate the detrimental effects of unobservable random shocks on efficiency.
EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Correction
Economics
Rudolf Kerschbamer, Regine Oexl
EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Economics
Rene Schwaiger, Juergen Huber, Michael Kirchler, Daniel Kleinlercher, Utz Weitzel
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of unequal opportunities and social group membership on redistributive preferences. The findings show that both native Germans and immigrants transfer more to their own group under unequal opportunities. However, immigrants transfer more to the in-group and do not compensate for the unequal opportunities of the out-group.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ECONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christoph Huber, Anna Dreber, Juergen Huber, Magnus Johannesson, Michael Kirchler, Utz Weitzel, Miguel Abellan, Xeniya Adayeva, Fehime Ceren Ay, Kai Barron, Zachariah Berry, Werner Boente, Katharina Bruett, Muhammed Bulutay, Pol Campos-Mercade, Eric Cardella, Maria Almudena Claassen, Gert Cornelissen, Ian G. J. Dawson, Joyce Delnoij, Elif E. Demiral, Eugen Dimant, Johannes Theodor Doerflinger, Malte Dold, Cecile Emery, Lenka Fiala, Susann Fiedler, Eleonora Freddi, Tilman Fries, Agata Gasiorowska, Ulrich Glogowsky, Paul M. Gorny, Jeremy David Gretton, Antonia Grohmann, Sebastian Hafenbraedl, Michel Handgraaf, Yaniv Hanoch, Einav Hart, Max Hennig, Stanton Hudja, Mandy Huetter, Kyle Hyndman, Konstantinos Ioannidis, Ozan Isler, Sabrina Jeworrek, Daniel Jolles, Marie Juanchich, K. C. Raghabendra Pratap, Menusch Khadjavi, Tamar Kugler, Shuwen Li, Brian Lucas, Vincent Mak, Mario Mechtel, Christoph Merkle, Ethan Andrew Meyers, Johanna Mollerstrom, Alexander Nesterov, Levent Neyse, Petra Nieken, Anne-Marie Nussberger, Helena Palumbo, Kim Peters, Angelo Pirrone, Xiangdong Qin, Rima Maria Rahal, Holger Rau, Johannes Rincke, Piero Ronzani, Yefim Roth, Ali Seyhun Saral, Jan Schmitz, Florian Schneider, Arthur Schram, Simeon Schudy, Maurice E. Schweitzer, Christiane Schwieren, Irene Scopelliti, Miroslav Sirota, Joep Sonnemans, Ivan Soraperra, Lisa Spantig, Ivo Steimanis, Janina Steinmetz, Sigrid Suetens, Andriana Theodoropoulou, Diemo Urbig, Tobias Vorlaufer, Joschka Waibel, Daniel Woods, Ofir Yakobi, Onurcan Yilmaz, Tomasz Zaleskiewicz, Stefan Zeisberger, Felix Holzmeister
Summary: The question of whether competition affects moral behavior has long been debated. Experimental studies have yielded inconclusive results, partly due to design heterogeneity. To investigate this further, independent research teams were invited to contribute experimental designs to a crowd-sourced project. The meta-analysis of the data collected showed a small adverse effect of competition on moral behavior, and also highlighted the substantial design heterogeneity, indicating the limitations of drawing strong conclusions from a single experimental design.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Economics
Matthias Stefan, Jurgen Huber, Michael Kirchler, Matthias Sutter, Markus Walzl
Summary: Rankings are incentive tools on labor markets, but they can have unintended side-effects when agents perform multiple tasks and not all tasks can be ranked. We conducted an experiment with 286 finance professionals and found hidden ranking costs when performance in one task is ranked but not in another prosocial task. Those lagging behind in the ranked task devote less effort to the prosocial task, while those leading in the ranked task devote more effort. This has implications for designing optimal incentive schemes in organizations with multi-tasking.
EUROPEAN ECONOMIC REVIEW
(2023)