Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Divya Adiga, Samatha Bhat, Vaibhav Shukla, Henil Vinit Shah, Raviprasad Kuthethur, Sanjiban Chakrabarty, Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
Summary: This study revealed for the first time the role of the DOC2B-mitochondrial axis in cervical cancer, showing its tumor-suppressive functions. DOC2B induced mitochondrial morphological changes and reductions in mitochondrial DNA copy number, mass, and membrane potential. DOC2B also elevated intracellular and mitochondrial Ca2+, O.-2, and ATP levels, while decreasing glucose uptake, lactate production, and mitochondrial complex-IV activity. These findings suggest that DOC2B promotes lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation through intracellular Ca2+ overload, which contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction and the tumor-suppressive properties of DOC2B.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhengwei Zhang, Beier Tong, Jie Liu, Jieyuan Feng, Linyang Song, Huawei Wang, Mengting Ke, Chengkai Xu, Yancheng Xu
Summary: This study revealed the effects of interfering with PP2Ac gene expression on pancreatic beta-cells in vivo and in vitro and the underlying mechanisms, which may provide insights for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the clinic.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta A. Gottlieb, Honit Piplani, Jon Sin, Savannah Sawaged, Syed M. Hamid, David J. Taylor, Juliana de Freitas Germano
Summary: Mitochondrial quality control relies on various mechanisms such as selective elimination of damaged mitochondria, mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, and fission, which are crucial for maintaining heart health.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Erandi Perez-Figueroa, Pablo Alvarez-Carrasco, Enrique Ortega, Carmen Maldonado-Bernal
Summary: Neutrophils play a crucial role in innate immune response by executing various effector functions. When activated, they undergo cell death processes to ensure the proper elimination of pathogens and damaged cells, contributing to timely resolution of inflammation. Neutrophils' cell death mechanisms include apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and others, ultimately maintaining homeostasis in the organism.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gabriel Ichim, Benjamin Gibert, Sahil Adriouch, Catherine Brenner, Nathalie Davoust, Solange Desagher, David Devos, Svetlana Dokudovskaya, Laurence Dubrez, Jerome Estaquier, Germain Gillet, Isabelle Guenal, Philippe P. Juin, Guido Kroemer, Patrick Legembre, Romain Levayer, Stephen Manon, Patrick Mehlen, Olivier Meurette, Olivier Micheau, Bernar Mignotte, Florence Nguyen-Khac, Nikolay Popgeorgiev, Jean-Lu Poyet, Muriel Priault, Jean-Ehrlan Ricci, Franck B. Riquet, Santos A. Susin, Magal Suzanne, Pierre Vacher, Ludivine Walter, Bertran Mollereau
Summary: Since the Nobel Prize was awarded more than twenty years ago for discovering the core apoptotic pathway in C. elegans, researchers around the world have conducted extensive research on apoptosis and various other forms of regulated cell death. Although there are still many aspects of regulated cell death that need to be clarified in specific cell subtypes and disease conditions, the last decade has seen the description of multiple cell death modalities, some of which have been successfully used in clinical therapy. To keep research into cell death alive, francophone researchers from several institutions in France and Belgium established the French Cell Death Research Network (FCDRN), which is at the forefront of emerging topics in cell death research. These research efforts will enhance our mechanistic knowledge of regulated cell death and its therapeutic applications in the coming years.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah Sharifi, Maren Boeger, Stephan Lortz, Ilir Mehmeti
Summary: The lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is important for protein assembly, folding, and Ca2+ storage. Disruption of ER Ca2+ homeostasis can lead to ER stress response and cell apoptosis. In this study, treating insulin-secreting cells with palmitate resulted in depleted ER Ca2+ levels and dysfunction in mitochondria. However, expression of ER-resident glutathione peroxidase 8 (GPx8) protected against the toxic effects of palmitate and maintained insulin content under lipotoxic conditions. Overall, luminal H2O2 plays a critical role in palmitate-induced ER Ca2+ depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction in insulin-secreting cells.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Poltorak
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in cell death by activating the apoptotic pathway and being involved in the transition of cell death forms.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zongmei Wu, Yana Geng, Manon Buist-Homan, Han Moshage
Summary: Scopoletin and umbelliferone have shown protective effects against palmitate and bile acid-induced hepatocyte cell death by inhibiting ER stress and ROS generation, and decreasing phosphorylation of JNK signaling intermediate. They may have potential as a therapeutic approach for NAFLD treatment.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yana Geng, Klaas Nico Faber, Vincent E. de Meijer, Hans Blokzijl, Han Moshage
Summary: NAFLD, characterized by excess lipid accumulation in the liver not due to alcohol use, poses a major global health problem. Dysregulated lipid metabolism leads to a lipotoxic environment promoting NAFLD, especially progression to NASH. This review focuses on the mechanisms of lipid accumulation and cellular processes involved in lipotoxicity.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biology
Bernardo F. Santos, Seraina Klopfstein, James B. Whitfield, Barbara J. Sharanowski
Summary: Past studies on endogenous viral elements (EVEs) in parasitoid wasps have focused on a few species and often underreported negative results. Recent research suggests that multiple viral lineages may have integrated into more species of Ichneumonoidea than previously thought. The decreasing cost of genomic and bioinformatic approaches now allows for the search of viral sequences within wasp genomes, presenting a promising avenue for research. Advances in wasp phylogenetics have provided insights into the evolutionary history of EVE integration, but many questions remain unanswered.
CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Karla K. Frietze, Alyssa M. Brown, Dividutta Das, Raymond G. Franks, Jessie Lee Cunningham, Michael Hayward, Joseph T. Nickels
Summary: This study highlights the crucial role of DDX58 in protecting against lipotoxicity associated with NAFLD by activating autophagy. DDX58 activity can be attenuated by saturated fatty acids, contributing to the progression of NASH. Activation of DDX58-induced autophagy response may be a potential strategy for treating NAFLD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Ketelut-Carneiro, Katherine A. Fitzgerald
Summary: This review discusses the three main types of programmed cell death, apoptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis, highlighting their characteristics and commonalities. Understanding the similarities and differences of these cell death processes is crucial for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toria Tomasek, Lorraine B. Ware, Julie A. Bastarache, Jamie E. Meegan
Summary: Circulating cell-free hemoglobin (CFH) contributes to endothelial injury in various inflammatory and hemolytic conditions, but does not lead to endothelial barrier dysfunction through cell death mechanisms. Despite causing a decrease in cell viability over time, CFH does not increase apoptosis and cannot be prevented by inhibitors of various cell death pathways, indicating that cell death does not play a role in CFH-mediated lung microvascular endothelial barrier dysfunction.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Juan Glinka, Yashasavi Sachar, Ephraim Tang, Mayur Brahmania, Jaehyun Hwang, Evelyn Waugh, Crystal Schmerk, Alla Iansavitchene, Douglas Quan, Anton Skaro
Summary: Medical assistance in dying (MAiD) has been legalized in Canada since 2016. A recent study evaluated the outcomes of liver transplantation (LT) using MAiD donors and conducted a literature review on the efficacy of MAiD-associated liver donation. The study found a 100% 1-year graft survival rate in the case series, with some patients experiencing early allograft dysfunction but with no significant clinical outcome. The warm ischemic time ranged from 7.8-13 minutes, suggesting promising utilization of donation after MAiD.
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Peng -Peng Xu, Yu-Jia Huo, Wei-Li Zhao
Summary: Two recent reports highlight the successful application of novel targeted therapies to improve clinical outcomes of DLBCL. These findings encourage further exploration of mechanism-based treatments to make DLBCL curable in the era of precision medicine.
