Journal
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
Volume 136, Issue 9, Pages 1755-1759Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.05.095
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Funding
- NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR001863] Funding Source: Medline
- NCI NIH HHS [P50 CA121974] Funding Source: Medline
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Next-generation sequencing of melanomas has unraveled critical driver genes and genomic abnormalities, mostly defined as occurring at high frequency. In addition, less abundant mutations are present that link melanoma to a set of disorders, commonly called RASopathies. These disorders, which include neurofibromatosis and Noonan and Legius syndromes, harbor germline mutations in various RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway genes. We highlight shared amino acid substitutions between this set of RASopathy mutations and those observed in large-scale melanoma sequencing data, uncovering a significant overlap. We review the evidence that these mutations activate the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in melanoma and are involved in melanomagenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the observations that two or more RASopathy mutations often co-occur in melanoma and may act synergistically on activating the pathway.
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