Review
Environmental Sciences
Shuo Yin, Junjian Wang, Hui Zeng
Summary: Understanding carbon cycling in blue carbon ecosystems is crucial for carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation. This study conducted bibliometric analysis on carbon cycling in salt marsh, mangrove, and seagrass ecosystems, revealing research hotspots and frontiers. The research interest in this field has greatly increased over time, especially for mangroves, with the USA being a major contributor. The study highlights the need for further research on lateral carbon exchange, carbonate burial, and the impacts of climate change and restoration on blue carbon.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yang Gao, Junjie Jia, Yao Lu, Tiantian Yang, Sidan Lyu, Kun Shi, Feng Zhou, Guirui Yu
Summary: This study comprehensively analyzes the influencing factors of inland water carbon cycling processes, its sequestration potential, and gross primary productivity (GPP). The research also highlights the importance of inland water productivity in controlling exogenous carbon inputs and the dynamics of carbon mechanisms within aquatic systems.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Xiaoxuan Gu, Hewei Zhao, Congjiao Peng, Xudong Guo, Qiulian Lin, Qiong Yang, Luzhen Chen
Summary: Mangrove forests are significant carbon sinks, and new high-resolution methods like sap flow investigation (SF) are being developed for evaluating their carbon sequestration capacity. Traditional methods like the LG and LA methods, while having their own advantages, are compared with the more convenient and efficient SF method in this study.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Emily J. Sheppard, Catriona L. Hurd, Damon D. Britton, Daniel C. Reed, Lennart T. Bach
Summary: Algal carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) and carbon-to-phosphorus (C:P) ratios were updated for seaweeds globally, with an average C:N ratio of 20 and C:P ratio of 801. Seawater inorganic nutrient concentrations and seasonality significantly influenced C:N and C:P ratios, and different phyla of seaweeds exhibited variations in C:N ratios.
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Kevin H. Wyatt, Kevin S. McCann, Allison R. Rober, Merritt R. Turetsky
Summary: In peatlands, nutrient availability and trophic interactions both play a role in influencing carbon fluxes, with nutrients stimulating decomposition processes while predator-prey dynamics can either accelerate or reduce CO2 emissions.
Editorial Material
Fisheries
Karen Filbee-Dexter, Albert Pessarrodona, Carlos M. Duarte, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Kasper Hancke, Daniel Smale, Thomas Wernberg
Summary: Recently, Gallagher et al. (2022) argued that seaweed ecosystems are net heterotrophic carbon sources, but we highlight flaws in their argument and provide evidence to support the view that most seaweed ecosystems are autotrophic. Their reliance on a dataset with highly variable measures of net ecosystem production and incomplete representation of seaweed ecosystems globally undermines their conclusion. We emphasize that the climate change mitigation value of an ecosystem depends on the net difference in CO2 uptake between the original ecosystem and its replacement.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Isaac R. Santos, David J. Burdige, Tim C. Jennerjahn, Steven Bouillon, Alex Cabral, Oscar Serrano, Thomas Wernberg, Karen Filbee-Dexter, Julia A. Guimond, Joseph J. Tamborski
Summary: The term 'Blue Carbon' was coined about a decade ago to highlight the important carbon sequestration capacity of coastal vegetated ecosystems. Recent investigations have revealed high outwelling of dissolved inorganic and organic carbon, as well as particulate organic carbon from blue carbon habitats. This highlights the need to pay attention to the mobile carbon fraction in the blue carbon framework.
ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Andres Gomez-Cifuentes, Ana Munevar, Gustavo Zurita
Summary: Dung beetles play a critical role in maintaining soil quality in the dry Chaco region, with higher abundance and species richness observed in shrub savannas compared to native forests.
AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Jing-Jing Zhu, Bing Yan
Summary: Mangroves play a crucial role in regulating the global carbon cycle, capturing and storing a significant amount of CO2, preventing coastal erosion, and contributing to organic carbon burial.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yadira Vargas, William Viera, Alejandra Diaz, Leider Tinoco, Julio Macas, Carlos Caicedo, Marcelo Almeida, Wilson Vasquez-Castillo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the influence of legume species on crop yield, carbon sequestration, presence of earthworms, and nutritional contribution in agroforestry systems. The results showed that legume biomass provided crucial nutrients and had a positive impact on crop yield and soil ecosystem.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aurora M. Ricart, Dorte Krause-Jensen, Kasper Hancke, Nichole N. Price, Pere Masque, Carlos M. Duarte
Summary: Sinking large amounts of seaweed in the deep ocean is proposed as a promising strategy for removing carbon dioxide and mitigating climate change, but the lack of documentation for marketable carbon offsets through this method may lead to unintended environmental and social consequences. Urgent actions are needed to manage these risks.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yushun Lian, Rui Wang, Jinhai Zheng, WenXing Chen, Lirong Chang, Cheng Li, Solomon C. Yim
Summary: This paper calculates the long-lasting carbon sequestration (LLCS) of seaweed using a life cycle assessment approach, with kelp in Ailian Bay as an example. The results show that the carbon sequestration of kelp in Ailian Bay is 97.73 g C m(-2) year, with biomass carbon accounting for approximately 86% of the total carbon absorption. The study demonstrates that mass production of seaweed can be an efficient method for carbon sequestration and for evaluating the impact of kelp farms on climate change.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lin Chen, Peng Yao, Zuosheng Yang, Liang Fu
Summary: The study conducted in the Yongle Blue Hole of the South China Sea reveals the importance of nutrient cycling in anoxic seawaters for the health and sustainability of marine ecosystems. The analysis shows significant seasonal and vertical variations of dissolved inorganic nutrients in response to changes in redox conditions. The findings provide insights into the nutrient cycling processes in highly dynamic coastal environments and the impact of deoxygenation.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hongmei Li, Zenghu Zhang, Tianqi Xiong, Kunxian Tang, Chen He, Quan Shi, Nianzhi Jiao, Yongyu Zhang
Summary: Under climate change scenarios, macroalgae farming has been found to significantly increase dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and introduce new DOC molecular species. Approximately 58% of the DOC extracted from kelp mariculture area is recalcitrant DOC (RDOC), with 85% of these RDOC molecular species steadily present throughout long-term degradation. These findings highlight the importance of including stable RDOC in seaweed blue carbon budgets.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul E. Carnell, Maria M. Palacios, Pawel Waryszak, Stacey M. Trevathan-Tackett, Pere Masque, Peter I. Macreadie
Summary: The age of mangrove forests has a significant effect on carbon additionality and carbon accretion rate, with older mangrove stands holding greater carbon stocks and higher soil sequestration rates. However, age also affects soil carbon fluxes, with older mangroves releasing less methane emissions but higher CO2 flux compared to young stands. This suggests that the carbon sink capacity of restored mangrove forests increases with age but stabilizes once they mature.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Review
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kristy J. Kroeker, Eric Sanford
Summary: As marine ecosystems face increasing impacts from global environmental changes, focusing on physiology research can enhance our ability to predict the effects of ocean change, particularly in understanding species interactions and ecological leverage points sensitive to environmental changes.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Emily M. Donham, Lauren T. Strope, Scott L. Hamilton, Kristy J. Kroeker
Summary: Understanding the effects of upwelling on marine organisms is crucial due to ongoing environmental changes. This study used in-situ measurements to characterize the relationship between upwelling intensity and environmental conditions in kelp forest ecosystems. The researchers found that increasing upwelling intensity resulted in reduced respiratory, grazing, growth, and net calcification rates for certain kelp forest grazers. These findings suggest that current exposure to upwelling may reduce species performance and future increases in upwelling frequency and intensity could impact ecosystem function.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Torrey R. Gorra, Sabrina C. R. Garcia, Michael R. Langhans, Umihiko Hoshijima, James A. Estes, Pete T. Raimondi, M. Tim Tinker, Michael C. Kenner, Kristy J. Kroeker
Summary: Recognizing that humans are part of the complex interaction networks we study can provide new insights into ecological paradigms. This study examines the effects of human harvesting on otter-urchin-kelp trophic cascades in southeast Alaska, using three decades of time-series data.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Juhyung Lee, Brent B. Hughes, Kristy J. Kroeker, Ava Owens, Candace Wong, Fiorenza Micheli
Summary: Global stressors are impacting ecosystem resistance and functioning by reorganizing vital species interactions. Different species show varied responses to stressors, which can have significant consequences on ecosystem dynamics.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Juhyung Lee, Maria Cristina Gambi, Kristy J. Kroeker, Marco Munari, Kabir Peay, Fiorenza Micheli
Summary: This study examines the impact of ocean acidification on seagrass decomposition in a naturally acidified seagrass ecosystem. The results show that acidification reduces the richness and diversity of seagrass detritivores, but increases the abundance of dominant detritivores. These changes lead to a more than threefold increase in detritivore abundance in lower pH zones, and acidification accelerates the decomposition of seagrass detritus. The findings suggest that ocean acidification can restructure consumer assemblages and modify plant decomposition in blue carbon ecosystems, with implications for carbon sequestration, nutrient recycling, and trophic transfer.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Aurora M. Ricart, Melissa Ward, Tessa M. Hill, Eric Sanford, Kristy J. Kroeker, Yuihiro Takeshita, Sarah Merolla, Priya Shukla, Aaron T. Ninokawa, Kristen Elsmore, Brian Gaylord
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jason A. Toy, Kristy J. Kroeker, Cheryl A. Logan, Yuichiro Takeshita, Gary C. Longo, Giacomo Bernardi
Summary: This study reveals the neurological impacts of acidification on a temperate fish species and suggests that natural environmental variability may mitigate the effects of ocean acidification.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ellen Willis-Norton, Mark H. Carr, Elliott L. Hazen, Kristy J. Kroeker
Summary: Early life history stages of marine fishes are more vulnerable to environmental stressors than adult stages. This study focused on lingcod, a benthic egg layer, and found that future temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen conditions significantly reduced the successful hatch, larval size, yolk reserves, and caused wide-ranging deformities. Lingcod could serve as an indicator species for other benthic egg layers affected by global change.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Benjamin S. Halpern, Carl Boettiger, Michael C. Dietze, Jessica A. Gephart, Patrick Gonzalez, Nancy B. Grimm, Peter M. Groffman, Jessica Gurevitch, Sarah E. Hobbie, Kimberly J. Komatsu, Kristy J. Kroeker, Heather J. Lahr, David M. Lodge, Christopher J. Lortie, Julie S. S. Lowndes, Fiorenza Micheli, Hugh P. Possingham, Mary H. Ruckelshaus, Courtney Scarborough, Chelsea L. Wood, Grace C. Wu, Lina Aoyama, Eva E. Arroyo, Christie A. Bahlai, Erin E. Beller, Rachael E. Blake, Karrigan S. Bork, Trevor A. Branch, Norah E. M. Brown, Julien Brun, Emilio M. Bruna, Lauren B. Buckley, Jessica L. Burnett, Max C. N. Castorani, Samantha H. Cheng, Sarah C. Cohen, Jessica L. Couture, Larry B. Crowder, Laura E. Dee, Arildo S. Dias, Ignacio J. Diaz-Maroto, Martha R. Downs, Joan C. Dudney, Erle C. Ellis, Kyle A. Emery, Jacob G. Eurich, Bridget E. Ferriss, Alexa Fredston, Hikaru Furukawa, Sara A. Gagne, Sarah R. Garlick, Colin J. Garroway, Kaitlyn M. Gaynor, Angelica L. Gonzalez, Eliza M. Grames, Tamar Guy-Haim, Ed Hackett, Lauren M. Hallett, Tamara K. Harms, Danielle E. Haulsee, Kyle J. Haynes, Elliott L. Hazen, Rebecca M. Jarvis, Kristal Jones, Gaurav S. Kandlikar, Dustin W. Kincaid, Matthew L. Knope, Anil Koirala, Jurek Kolasa, John S. Kominoski, Julia Koricheva, Lesley T. Lancaster, Jake A. Lawlor, Heili E. Lowman, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Kari E. A. Norman, Nan Nourn, Casey C. O'Hara, Suzanne X. Ou, Jacqueline L. Padilla-Gamino, Paula Pappalardo, Ryan A. Peek, Dominique Pelletier, Stephen Plont, Lauren C. Ponisio, Cristina Portales-Reyes, Diogo B. Provete, Eric J. Raes, Carlos Ramirez-Reyes, Irene Ramos, Sydne Record, Anthony J. Richardson, Roberto Salguero-Gomez, Erin Satterthwaite, Chloe Schmidt, Aaron J. Schwartz, Craig R. See, Brendan D. Shea, Rachel S. Smith, Eric R. Sokol, Christopher T. Solomon, Trisha Spanbauer, Paris Stefanoudis, Beckett W. Sterner, Vitor Sudbrack, Jonathan D. Tonkin, Ashley R. Townes, Mireia Valle, Jonathan A. Walter, Kathryn Wheeler, William R. Wieder, David R. Williams, Marten Winter, Barbora Winterova, Lucy C. Woodall, Adam S. Wymore, Casey Youngflesh
Summary: Synthesis research in ecology and environmental science is important for improving understanding, advancing theory, identifying research priorities, and supporting management strategies. A virtual workshop with participants from different countries and disciplines was held to discuss how synthesis can address key questions and themes in the field in the next decade. Seven priority research topics and two issues regarding synthesis practices were identified, providing a strategic vision for future synthesis in ecology and environmental science.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily M. Donham, Iris Flores, Alexis Hooper, Evan O'Brien, Kate Vylet, Yuichiro Takeshita, Jan Freiwald, Kristy J. Kroeker
Summary: Variation in environmental conditions across a species' range can affect their responses to environmental change through local adaptation and acclimation. However, ecosystems with tightly coupled environmental conditions may pose challenges for evolutionary responses, particularly when changes in environmental covariance occur. This study conducted a 3-month long mesocosm experiment and found evidence of local adaptation/acclimation in red sea urchin populations to multiple environmental drivers, but with different responses to projected changes. The results highlight the potential for local adaptation/acclimation to multivariate environmental regimes and the importance of identifying physiological thresholds in key environmental drivers for preserving biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.
Article
Ecology
Cascade J. B. Sorte, Kristy J. J. Kroeker, Luke P. P. Miller, Matthew E. S. Bracken
Summary: Biological processes have a significant impact on how global changes are manifested locally. The absorption of increased CO2 by primary producers through photosynthesis affects the pH in aquatic ecosystems, but respiration by producers and consumers also leads to increased CO2. It is uncertain whether the biological modification of pH varies throughout the year and what factors contribute to temporal differences. This study examined tide pool ecosystems in Alaska over two years and found that pH modification varied spatially and temporally, with patterns corresponding to changes in dissolved oxygen and community composition.
Article
Limnology
Kristy J. Kroeker, Emily M. Donham, Kate Vylet, Joseph K. Warren, Julia Cheresh, Jerome Fiechter, Jan Freiwald, Yuichiro Takeshita
Summary: In upwelling systems, fluctuations in seawater pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and temperature can lead to exposure to extreme conditions for marine species. This study characterized the variability and covariance among these drivers using a time series of observations and a simulation for the California coast. It found that sites with strong upwelling had the greatest intensity and duration of exposure to extreme pH and DO conditions, while sites with weak upwelling had higher and more variable temperature.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Review
Ecology
Melissa Ward, Tye L. Kindinger, Heidi K. Hirsh, Tessa M. Hill, Brittany M. Jellison, Sarah Lummis, Emily B. Rivest, George G. Waldbusser, Brian Gaylord, Kristy J. Kroeker
Summary: This study synthesizes the results from 56 studies on seagrass meadow metabolism and highlights the spatial and temporal variability in oxygen fluxes. The study finds that daytime net community production is generally positive and similar across seasons and geographies. The study also observes positive correlations between gross primary production and temperature, but these effects may vary between temperate and tropical ecosystems.