Review
Oncology
Amirali Karimi, Sanam Alilou, Hamid Reza Mirzaei
Summary: Ipilimumab, a monoclonal anti-CTLA4 antibody, has shown promising results in treating various cancers, particularly melanoma. However, its use may lead to autoimmune complications, highlighting the importance of recognizing and managing adverse events. Despite some non-melanoma cancers not having FDA approval yet, Ipilimumab has demonstrated effectiveness in this group as well.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wanwisa Promsote, Ling Xu, Jason Hataye, Giulia Fabozzi, Kylie March, Cassandra G. Almasri, Megan E. DeMouth, Sarah E. Lovelace, Chloe Adrienna Talana, Nicole A. Doria-Rose, Krisha McKee, Sabrina Helmold Hait, Joseph P. Casazza, David Ambrozak, Jochen Beninga, Ercole Rao, Norbert Furtmann, Joerg Birkenfeld, Elizabeth McCarthy, John-Paul Todd, Constantinos Petrovas, Mark Connors, Andrew T. Hebert, Jeremy Beck, Junqing Shen, Bailin Zhang, Mikhail Levit, Ronnie R. Wei, Zhi-yong Yang, Amarendra Pegu, John R. Mascola, Gary J. Nabel, Richard A. Koup
Summary: Researchers have developed a trispecific antibody that can activate and target latently HIV-1 infected cells for elimination by T cells, providing an alternative strategy for curing HIV.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhou-Shan Tao, Wan-Shu Zhou, Hong-Guang Xu, Min Yang
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of different administration modes of sodium valproate on bone health in ovariectomized rats. Results showed that intermittent administration of sodium valproate had a protective effect on bone health and may be achieved by activating the Notch/Wnt/8-catenin/RUNX2 signal axis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Meng Lv, Ping Yang, Shengnan Zhang, Lingling Wang, Keming Sun, Libo Zhao
Summary: This study successfully developed a new population pharmacokinetic model of vancomycin in pediatric patients with SSTI and BJI using scavenged blood samples. Body weight was identified as a significant covariate on drug clearance and distribution volume. Dosing regimens of 75 mg/kg/day and 80 mg/kg/day were recommended for this specific population.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jennillee Wallace, Hemil Gonzalez, Reshma Rajan, Srinivas D. Narasipura, Amber K. Virdi, Arnold Z. Olali, Ankur Naqib, Zarema Arbieva, Mark Maienschein-Cline, Lena Al-Harthi
Summary: Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has significantly improved the treatment of HIV/AIDS, but it may also affect cell dysregulation and increase susceptibility to comorbidities in persons living with HIV (PLWH).
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jelena Popovic-Djordjevic, Cristina Quispe, Roberta Giordo, Aleksandar Kostic, Jelena S. Katanic Stankovic, Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou, Katya Carbone, Miquel Martorell, Manoj Kumar, Gianfranco Pintus, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Anca Oana Docea, Daniela Calina
Summary: This article reviews the latest information on the anti-HIV activity of natural and synthetic compounds, including their history, mechanism of action, and the role of plants and their bioactive compounds as a source of new anti-HIV drugs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Priscila L. Zimath, Milena S. Almeida, Maciel A. Bruxel, Alex Rafacho
Summary: In this study, the potential therapeutic application of mometasone furoate (MF) with fewer adverse effects was investigated. It was found that MF maintained anti-inflammatory activity, but intraperitoneal administration led to glucose intolerance, while oral administration did not. Regardless of the route of administration, MF reduced insulin sensitivity and increased pancreatic beta-cell mass. Overall, oral administration of MF minimized the adverse effects on metabolism.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Surgery
Owen Tsung Wen Ho, Winston Cheng Ann Ng, Zachariah Gene Wing Ow, Yeung Jek Ho, Wen Hui Lim, Jie Ning Yong, Renaeta Shiqi Wang, Keng Lin Wong, Cheng Han Ng, Mark D. Muthiah, Claire Min-Li Teo
Summary: Both oral and IV bisphosphonates are effective in reducing fracture incidence post-OLT compared to calcium and vitamin D. Oral formulations may also have an advantage over IV in reducing bone loss and fracture incidence post-OLT.
TRANSPLANT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Anjali Sharma, Donald R. Hoover, Qiuhu Shi, Phyllis C. Tien, Kathleen M. Weber, Jayesh G. Shah, Michael T. Yin
Summary: Among pre-, peri-, and postmenopausal women, low bone mineral density (BMD) was more common in women with HIV compared to those without HIV. HIV infection and menopausal stage were independent predictors of lower BMD and had additive effects on lumbar spine and total hip BMD.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kaleen N. Hayes, Ulrike Baschant, Barbara Hauser, Andrea M. Burden, Elizabeth M. Winter
Summary: GIOP, caused by chronic GC therapy, can lead to fractures in up to 40% of patients if untreated. Low awareness among clinicians and lack of clear guidelines on when to start and stop anti-osteoporosis treatment are major barriers to preventing fractures in patients with GC use. This review summarizes current evidence and provides considerations for the duration of anti-osteoporosis treatment in GC patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hyung Joon Yim, Ji Hoon Kim, Yong Kyun Cho, Young Oh Kweon, Hyun Chin Cho, Jae Seok Hwang, Changhyeong Lee, Moon Soo Koh, Yang-Hyun Baek, Young-Min Park, Jeong-Hoon Lee, Seung Up Kim, Min-Kyu Kang, Neung Hwa Park, June Sung Lee, Young Eun Chon, Gab Jin Cheon, Hee Bok Chae, Joo Hyun Sohn, Young-Suk Lim
Summary: The study evaluated the antiviral effects and safety of switching from TDF to TD treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B. TD was non-inferior to TDF in maintaining viral suppression in CHB patients, with less impact on renal function.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ainur D. D. Sharapov, Ramil F. F. Fatykhov, Igor A. A. Khalymbadzha, Grigory V. V. Zyryanov, Oleg N. N. Chupakhin, Mikhail V. V. Tsurkan
Summary: This review summarizes the literature on the anti-HIV activity of plant coumarins. It highlights the isolation and mechanism of their antiviral action, demonstrating that plant-derived coumarins can act through different mechanisms to inhibit HIV replication. The review also discusses the resistance of some coumarins to HIV mutations and presents the research conducted in the past two decades on the anti-HIV activity of naturally occurring coumarins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Namki Hong, Jung Ho Kim, Graham Treece, Hyeon Chang Kim, Jun Yong Choi, Yumie Rhee
Summary: Middle-aged men living with human immunodeficiency virus (MLWH) have a significantly higher risk of hip fracture, almost a decade earlier than those without infection. Limited data on cortical and trabecular bone deficit in MLWH were observed. This study found that MLWH had lower hip bone density and deficits in certain bone parameters compared to age and body mass index-matched controls.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ori Rahat, Murad Shihab, Elhai Etedgi, Debby Ben-David, Inna Estrin, Lili Goldshtein, Shani Zilberman-Itskovich, Dror Marchaim
Summary: Hospital-acquired urinary tract infection (HAUTI) is a common type of infection in hospitals, with over 80% of cases being catheter-associated (CAUTI). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other non-glucose fermenting Gram-negative organisms are commonly treated with anti-Pseudomonals empirically. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and potential impacts of this practice on hospitalization outcomes. The results showed that approximately 20% of HAUTI cases were caused by non-glucose fermenting Gram-negative organisms, justifying the use of empiric anti-Pseudomonals, especially in patients who recently received antibiotics. The practice did not have independent deleterious impacts on outcomes.
Review
Microbiology
Aditya Banyal, Vikram Thakur, Rahul Thakur, Pradeep Kumar
Summary: Cancer and HIV are widespread diseases, and potential medicinal compounds from plants play a crucial role in producing novel anti-cancer and anti-HIV agents.
CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Lawrence J. Purpura, Michelle Chang, Medini K. Annavajhala, Hiroshi Mohri, Lihong Liu, Jayesh Shah, Anyelina Cantos, Nicola Medrano, Justin Laracy, Brian Scully, Benjamin A. Miko, Marlena Habal, Marcus R. Pereira, Moriya Tsuji, David D. Ho, Anne-Catrin Uhlemann, Michael T. Yin
Summary: In immunosuppressed patients, the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be prolonged, leading to potential viral evolution. Immune response peaks around days 44-72 after diagnosis but wanes over time, allowing for increased viral genetic diversity and the emergence of variants.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mona Abdo, Xingye Wu, Anjali Sharma, Katherine K. Tassiopoulos, Todd T. Brown, Susan L. Koletar, Michael T. Yin, Kristine M. Erlandson
Summary: Geographic location was a strong predictor of falls among older people with HIV, with differences in risk across regions. Associations between region and recurrent falls were found to be modified by physical activity and obesity status.
AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES
(2022)
Article
Health Policy & Services
Melody Wu, Stephanie Shiau, Renate Strehlau, Afaaf Liberty, Faeezah Patel, Megan Burke, Pamela M. Murnane, Avy Violari, Michael T. Yin, Elaine J. Abrams, Louise Kuhn, Stephen Arpadi
Summary: This study assessed pediatric disclosure among CLHIV in South Africa and found that about 70.3% of the children were aware of their HIV status. Older age and a history of hunger were predictors of disclosure. Caregivers who had not yet disclosed may have been preparing to do so by discussing their child's health and HIV-related topics.
AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Joanne Potterton, Renate Strehlau, Stephanie Shiau, Nicolette Comley-White, Louise Kuhn, Michael Yin, Stephen Arpadi
Summary: This study compared the sub-maximal endurance of children living with HIV (CLHIV) to a non-infected comparison group. The results showed that CLHIV who initiated antiretroviral therapy early with well-controlled disease were able to attain submaximal endurance levels similar to their uninfected peers.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY
(2022)
Letter
Immunology
Yanhan Shen, Stephanie Shiau, Michael T. Yin, Stephen M. Arpadi
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Abigail Baim-Lance, Matthew Angulo, Mary Ann Chiasson, Helen-Maria Lekas, Rachel Schenkel, Jason Villarreal, Anyelina Cantos, Christine Kerr, Aarthi Nagaraja, Michael T. Yin, Peter Gordon
Summary: This mixed methods study investigated the digital equity, access, use, and quality of HIV and specialty telehealth services for older persons living with HIV (PLWH) during the initial wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that telehealth access and use were influenced by factors such as devices and connectivity, technology literacy, and comfort including privacy concerns. Participants perceived telehealth visits as less interpersonal and resulting in poorer outcomes compared to in-person visits, especially those with less formal education. The study highlights the need to establish equitable and desirable telehealth services for older PLWH.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lihong Liu, Sho Iketani, Yicheng Guo, Eswar R. Reddem, Ryan G. Casner, Manoj S. Nair, Jian Yu, Jasper F-W Chan, Maple Wang, Gabriele Cerutti, Zhiteng Li, Nicholas C. Morano, Candace D. Castagna, Laura Corredor, Hin Chu, Shuofeng Yuan, Vincent Kwok-Man Poon, Chris Chun-Sing Chan, Zhiwei Chen, Yang Luo, Marcus Cunningham, Alejandro Chavez, Michael T. Yin, David S. Perlin, Moriya Tsuji, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Peter D. Kwong, Zizhang Sheng, Yaoxing Huang, Lawrence Shapiro, David D. Ho
Summary: This study identified a human monoclonal antibody, 10-40, that can neutralize or bind all tested sarbecoviruses and provide protection against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in vivo. Comparative studies showed that 10-40 has the broadest effectiveness against sarbecoviruses among other receptor-binding domain (RBD)-directed antibodies, making it a promising candidate for pandemic preparedness. Structural analyses also revealed a conserved epitope cluster and a distinct antibody class with a common CDRH3 motif.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alex K. Lyashchenko, Yifan Yu, Donald J. McMahon, Robert Bies, Michael T. Yin, Serge Cremers
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between systemic exposure to hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and its metabolite desethylhydroxychloroquine (DHCQ) and clinical outcome in severely ill COVID-19 patients. The results showed substantial variability in systemic exposure to HCQ and DHCQ, which was not clearly explained by renal or liver function or inflammatory state. Furthermore, systemic exposure did not correlate with intubation status, survival, or QTc prolongation. Therefore, this study adds to the growing body of evidence that oral HCQ does not alter the course of disease in COVID-19 patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Brandilyn A. Peters, David B. Hanna, Anjali Sharma, Kathryn Anastos, Donald R. Hoover, Qiuhu Shi, Caitlin A. Moran, Elizabeth A. Jackson, Maria L. Alcaide, Igho Ofotokun, Adaora A. Adimora, Sabina A. Haberlen, Mardge Cohen, Phyllis C. Tien, Katherine G. Michel, Steven R. Levine, Howard N. Hodis, Robert C. Kaplan, Michael T. Yin
Summary: In this cohort study, ever use of estrogen-based hormone therapy was associated with less progression of subclinical atherosclerosis over time in women with and without HIV. This suggests that hormone therapy may confer a similar cardiovascular benefit for both groups.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Arnold Z. Olali, Kelsey A. Carpenter, Maria Myers, Anjali Sharma, Michael T. Yin, Lena Al-Harthi, Ryan D. Ross
Summary: The available data suggests that bone quality deteriorates in people living with HIV. Future research is needed to determine the factors, such as the virus or ARVs, contributing to bone quality loss and which bone quality factors are most associated with increased fracture risk.
CURRENT HIV/AIDS REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
S. Wadhwa, S. Dave, M. L. Daily, A. Nardone, R. Li, J. Rosario, A. Cantos, J. Shah, H. H. Lu, D. J. McMahon, M. T. Yin
Summary: This study investigates the association between oral health and COVID-19 acquisition and severity. The findings suggest that alveolar bone loss and missing teeth are positively associated with COVID-19 disease. Further research can be done to explore the underlying mechanisms of the impact of oral health on COVID-19.
SAUDI DENTAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kathrine Meyers, Nadia Nguyen, Jason E. Zucker, Bryan A. Kutner, Caroline Carnevale, Delivette Castor, Magdalena E. Sobieszczyk, Michael T. Yin, Sarit A. Golub, Robert H. Remien
Summary: The long-acting integrase-inhibitor cabotegravir is highly effective in preventing HIV acquisition. However, its long drug tail poses challenges for safe discontinuation and potential drug resistance. Comprehensive patient education, training for healthcare teams, and adherence support strategies are suggested to overcome this challenge.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lihong Liu, Kathrine Meyers, Lawrence J. Purpura, Nadia Nguyen, Hiroshi Mohri, Jennifer Y. Chang, Medini K. Annavajhala, Leo Lopez, Sang Won Lee, Jayesh Shah, Benjamin Lane, Anyelina Cantos, Sade A. Tukuru, Yicheng Guo, Kenra Ford, Yueh-Ting Chiu, Zizhang Sheng, Tenzin Choesang, Delivette Castor, Maple Wang, Christina Pili, Michael N. Van Hoy, Andrew Wallach, Jamie Horton, Zhiqiang Chen, Susan Rosenthal, Son McLaren, Baowei Jiang, Frank Wang, Helen H. Lu, Anne-Catrin Uhlemann, David D. Ho, Michael T. Yin
Summary: The development of a rapid antigen test using two pairs of monoclonal antibodies has resulted in a high-performing test that remains effective across multiple variants in both laboratory and clinical evaluations. The test is capable of identifying almost all individuals carrying infectious SARS-CoV-2.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY PLUS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sho Iketani, Lihong Liu, Yicheng Guo, Liyuan Liu, Jasper F-W Chan, Yiming Huang, Maple Wang, Yang Luo, Jian Yu, Hin Chu, Kenn K-H Chik, Terrence T-T Yuent, Michael T. Yin, Magdalena E. Sobieszczyk, Yaoxing Huang, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Harris H. Wang, Zizhang Sheng, David D. Ho
Summary: The identification of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in Botswana in November 2021 sparked concern due to the spike protein alterations that could potentially evade antibodies. Further studies showed that the Omicron sublineages, BA.1+R346K and BA.2, are antigenically similar to the wild-type virus and pose similar risks to the effectiveness of current vaccines. BA.2 also demonstrated resistance to many neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, highlighting the challenges in developing effective therapeutic options.
Article
Immunology
Lawrence J. Purpura, Joseph Alukal, Alexander M. Chong, Lihong Liu, Anyelina Cantos, Jayesh Shah, Nicola Medrano, Jennifer Y. Chang, Moriya Tsuji, Hiroshi Mohri, Anne Catrin Uhlemann, David Ho, Michael T. Yin
Summary: We detected severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in semen during the late convalescent phase, indicating the potential presence of the virus in the immune-privileged testes.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
