Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 213, Issue 11, Pages 1846-1856Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiw084
Keywords
Citrobacter rodentium infection; milk fat; corn oil; fish oil; olive oil; intestinal alkaline phosphatase; inflammation; high-fat diets; colitis; nutrition
Categories
Funding
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Canadian Association of Gastroenterology
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Michael Smith Foundation of Health Research
- Dairy Farmers of Canada
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council
- Crohn's and Colitis Canada
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Dietary lipids modulate immunity, yet the means by which specific fatty acids affect infectious disease susceptibility remains unclear. Deciphering lipid-induced immunity is critical to understanding the balance required for protecting against pathogens while avoiding chronic inflammatory diseases. To understand how specific lipids alter susceptibility to enteric infection, we fed mice isocaloric, high-fat diets composed of corn oil (rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids [n-6 PUFAs]), olive oil (rich in monounsaturated fatty acids), or milk fat (rich in saturated fatty acids) with or without fish oil (rich in n-3 PUFAs). After 5 weeks of dietary intervention, mice were challenged with Citrobacter rodentium, and pathological responses were assessed. Olive oil diets resulted in little colonic pathology associated with intestinal alkaline phosphatase, a mucosal defense factor that detoxifies lipopolysaccharide. In contrast, while both corn oil and milk fat diets resulted in inflammation-induced colonic damage, only milk fat induced compensatory protective responses, including short chain fatty acid production. Fish oil combined with milk fat, unlike unsaturated lipid diets, had a protective effect associated with intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity. Overall, these results reveal that dietary lipid type, independent of the total number of calories associated with the dietary lipid, influences the susceptibility to enteric damage and the benefits of fish oil during infection.
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