Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Xia Zhao, Zhi Wang, Xiujuan Qi, Siwei Song, Shi Huang, Kangcai Wang, Qinghua Zhang
Summary: Six new energetic complexes with good thermal stabilities and excellent specific impulses were synthesized and characterized in this study. They exhibited great potential as promoters for the development of green hypergolic bipropellants, showing high catalytic activity and short ignition delay time in hypergolic reactions. Their isostructural characteristics also made them ideal candidates for studying structure-performance relationships.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Vikas Khandu Bhosale, Jinseong Gwak, Kyu-Seop Kim, David G. Churchill, Yunho Lee, Sejin Kwon
Summary: The study introduced hypergolic energetic copper(II) complexes as new promoters for "green" space vehicle propulsion, highlighting the significance of the development of green bipropellants. The use of these complexes improved ignition performance and showed potential for long-term stability in fuels.
Article
Thermodynamics
Manisha B. Padwal, David A. Castaneda, Benveniste Natan
Summary: Research has shown that adding sodium borohydride (NaBH4) can significantly improve the hypergolicity of boron with hydrogen peroxide, accelerating the combustion speed and enabling sustained combustion of boron.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Michele Negri, Felix Lauck
Summary: This study examines the ignition and combustion behavior of a newly developed green hypergolic combination called HIP_11 in a small thruster. The results provide insights into the effects of different catalyst concentrations and propellant mass flow rates.
JOURNAL OF PROPULSION AND POWER
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhi Wang, Binshen Wang, Yang Guo, Yunhe Jin, Lihan Fei, Shi Huang, Wenquan Zhang, Chenglong Tang, Qinghua Zhang
Summary: New-generation green bipropellants based on ionic liquids for aircraft have been studied, but their low specific impulse and incomplete combustion limit practical application. This work introduces novel hypergolic fluids made by mixing oxygen-rich nitroglycerin with fuel-rich dicyanamide-based ionic liquids, which show improved performance and ignition control. The addition of nitroglycerin enhances combustion efficiency and suppresses secondary combustion, making these composite fuels more efficient and practical for aerospace applications.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fabio A. S. Mota, Lihan Fei, Chenglong Tang, Zuohua Huang, Fernando S. Costa
Summary: This work presents a novel green fuel system based on TMEDA, DMEA, and methanol or ethanol with HTP, which shows consistently low ignition delay time and good hypergolic ignition performance. It also has low viscosity and comparable theoretical specific impulses compared to conventional hydrazine-based systems. This catalytically promoted hypergolic system with HTP opens up a new avenue for replacing conventional highly toxic propellants.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Hong-Yi Bian, Yun-Fan Yan, Meng Cui, Tian-Tian Song, Xiao-Di Guo, Jian-Gang Xu, Fa-Kun Zheng, Guo-Cong Guo
Summary: The design and development of advanced hypergolic metal-organic frameworks (HMOFs) for space exploration have attracted attention. This study successfully introduced high energy anions to construct isostructural HMOFs with spontaneous combustion properties and high volumetric energy density. The introduction of high energy anions significantly increased the energy densities of the HMOFs and they can serve as candidates for bipropellants with enhanced properties.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Yiqiang Xu, Yanna Wang, Ye Zhong, Guorong Lei, Zhimin Li, Jianguo Zhang, Tonglai Zhang
Summary: In this study, high-energy metal-organic frameworks (HEMOFs) with hypergolic property were constructed using a hypergolic linker and a high-energy nitrogen-rich ligand. The synthesized HEMOFs exhibited fascinating 2D polymeric architectures and could spontaneously ignite upon contact with white fuming nitric acid. By adjusting the metal cations, high-energy ligands and hypergolic linkers, the performance of hypergolic MOFs could be improved, providing a strategy for manufacturing MOFs as potential high-energy hypergolic fuels.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhimin Li, Ye Zhong, Linna Liang, Yongan Feng, Jianguo Zhang, Tonglai Zhang, Yanqiang Zhang
Summary: In order to improve the hypergolic ignition properties of ionic liquids (ILs), a new design strategy of hypergolic coordination compounds (HCCs) was demonstrated. Eight HCCs were synthesized and characterized, showing excellent hypergolic ignition properties that could be modulated by changing the metal, ligand, and anion components. The copper-based HCCs exhibited the best performance among the new hypergolic materials, significantly reducing the ignition delay time of the IL system.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Olivier Jobin, Cristina Mottillo, Hatem M. Titi, Joseph M. Marrett, Mihails Arhangelskis, Robin D. Rogers, Bachar Elzein, Tomislav Friscic, Etienne Robert
Summary: Hybrid rocket propulsion simplifies engine design and operation, thereby reducing launch costs. Hypergolic metal-organic frameworks (HMOFs) can be used as additives to trigger hypergolic ignition in conventional paraffin-based fuels, providing stability and safety advantages over other hypergolic additives.
Article
Energy & Fuels
David A. Castaneda, Benveniste Natan
Summary: An experimental investigation was conducted to determine the hypergolic ignition delay time and behavior of various solid fuels containing sodium borohydride with high-grade hydrogen peroxide. The results showed that the hypergolic reaction between sodium borohydride and hydrogen peroxide provides the heat necessary for ignition and combustion of the fuels. Tests at elevated pressures demonstrated shorter ignition delay times.
Article
Thermodynamics
Changgeng Sun, Shaokun Tang
Summary: By mixing different cations and anions to form hypergolic ionic mixtures, properties and ignition delay times can be varied. Ionic nature and ratio play crucial roles in determining the characteristics of the mixtures. This new design strategy allows for enhanced performance compared to individual ionic liquids by combining different ion properties in specific ratios.
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alexander V. Shaferov, Sergey T. Arakelov, Fedor E. Teslenko, Alla N. Pivkina, Nikita V. Muravyev, Leonid L. Fershtat
Summary: Liquid energetic fuels with improved properties, synthesized in this study, were evaluated for their physicochemical properties. The results showed that the synthesized compounds had good thermal stabilities and experimental densities. Particularly, the 1,2,5-oxadiazole-based ionic liquids exhibited high combined nitrogen-oxygen contents, detonation velocities comparable to TNT, and better combustion performance than the benchmark compound 2-hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate. Due to their hypergolicity with H2O2 in the presence of a catalyst and insensitivity to impact, these synthesized ionic liquids have great application potential for space technologies.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Binshen Wang, Zhi Wang, Yunhe Jin, Kangcai Wang
Summary: Novel difunctional promoters are designed to achieve hypergolic ignition of anion-free ionic liquids with high test peroxide. These promoters show good solubility and high thermostability, ensuring smooth ignition and improving density specific impulses of the composite fuels.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mi Wang, Zhenyuan Wang, Jichuan Zhang, Teng Fei, Jiaheng Zhang
Summary: This study synthesizes a novel family of bio-renewable theophylline-derived cations for energetic ionic compounds, with dicyanamide as the hypergolic anion. These compounds with shorter cationic alkyl groups exhibit spontaneous combustion upon contact with 100% HNO3 and possess high densities above 1.30 g·cm-3, providing better density-specific impulses compared to hydrazine-based propellants. One particular compound, 9-butenyl-1,3,5-tri methylxanthinium dicyanamide, shows excellent integrated properties such as the shortest ignition delay time, a comprehensive liquid operating temperature range, and high density-specific impulse. This research is expected to pave the way for developing bio-renewable hypergolic ionic liquids from natural sources.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Henning Marciniak, Nina Auerhammer, Sophie Ricker, Alexander Schmiedel, Marco Holzapfel, Christoph Lambert
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2019)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sophie C. Ricker, Dominic Freudenmann, Stefan Schlechtriem
Summary: This study introduces six ionic liquids with thiocyanate anions as new fuel candidates, examining the influence of the cation on their performance. Among them, one ionic liquid shows the shortest ignition delay time, low viscosity, and high density.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yingna Du, Chen Huang, Wei Jiang, Qiangwei Yan, Yongfei Li, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, anionic surfactants modified hydrotalcite was used as a flow improver for crude oil under low-temperature conditions. The modified hydrotalcite showed a significant viscosity reduction effect on crude oil. The mechanism of the modified hydrotalcite on viscosity and pour point of crude oil was explored through characterization and analysis of the modified hydrotalcite and oil samples.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammad Saeid Rostami, Mohammad Mehdi Khodaei
Summary: In this study, a hybrid structure, MIL-53(Al)@MWCNT, was synthesized by combining MIL-53(Al) particles and -COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT). The hybrid structure was then embedded in a polyethersulfone (PES) polymer matrix to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 separation. The addition of MWCNTs prevented MIL-53(Al) aggregation, improved membrane mechanical properties, and enhanced gas separation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yunlong Li, Desheng Huang, Xiaomeng Dong, Daoyong Yang
Summary: This study develops theoretical and experimental techniques to determine the phase behavior and physical properties of DME/flue gas/water/heavy oil systems. Eight constant composition expansion (CCE) tests are conducted to obtain new experimental data. A thermodynamic model is used to accurately predict saturation pressure and swelling factors, as well as the phase boundaries of N2/heavy oil systems and DME/CO2/heavy oil systems, with high accuracy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Morteza Afkhamipour, Ebad Seifi, Arash Esmaeili, Mohammad Shamsi, Tohid N. Borhani
Summary: Non-conventional amines are being researched worldwide to overcome the limitations of traditional amines like MEA and MDEA. Adequate process and thermodynamic models are crucial for understanding the applicability and performance of these amines in CO2 absorption, but studies on process modeling for these amines are limited. This study used rate-based modeling and Deshmukh-Mather method to model CO2 absorption by DETA solution in a packed column, validated the model with experimental data, and conducted a sensitivity analysis of mass transfer correlations. The study also compared the CO2 absorption efficiency of DETA solution with an ionic solvent [bmim]-[PF6] and highlighted the importance of finding optimum operational parameters for maximum absorption efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Arastoo Abdi, Mohamad Awarke, M. Reza Malayeri, Masoud Riazi
Summary: The utilization of smart water in EOR operations has gained attention, but more research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms involved. This study investigated the interfacial tension between smart water and crude oil, considering factors such as salt, pH, asphaltene type, and aged smart water. The results revealed that the hydration of ions in smart water plays a key role in its efficacy, with acidic and basic asphaltene acting as intrinsic surfactants. The pH also influenced the interfacial tension, and the aged smart water's interaction with crude oil depended on asphaltene type, salt, and salinity.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongao Zhu, Kun Zhu, Lixian Xu, Haiyan Huang, Jing He, Wenshuai Zhu, Huaming Li, Wei Jiang
Summary: In this study, cobalt-based metal-organic frameworks (Co-based MOFs) were used as supports and co-catalysts to confine the NHPI catalyst, solving the leaching issue. The NHPI@Co-MOF with carboxyl groups exhibited stronger acidity and facilitated the generation of active oxygen radicals O2•, resulting in enhanced catalytic activity. This research provides valuable insights into the selection of suitable organic linkers and broadens the research horizon of MOF hybrids in efficient oxidative desulfurization (ODS) applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Edwin G. Hoyos, Gloria Amo-Duodu, U. Gulsum Kiral, Laura Vargas-Estrada, Raquel Lebrero, Rail Munoz
Summary: This study investigated the impact of carbon-coated zero-valent nanoparticle concentration on photosynthetic biogas upgrading. The addition of nanoparticles significantly increased microalgae productivity and enhanced nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation. The presence of nanoparticles also improved the quality of biomethane produced.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yao Xiao, Asma Leghari, Linfeng Liu, Fangchao Yu, Ming Gao, Lu Ding, Yu Yang, Xueli Chen, Xiaoyu Yan, Fuchen Wang
Summary: Iron is added as a flocculant in wastewater treatment and the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of sludge produces wastewater containing Fe. This study investigates the effect of aqueous phase (AP) recycling on hydrochar properties, iron evolution and environmental assessment during HTC of sludge. The results show that AP recycling process improves the dewatering performance of hydrochar and facilitates the recovery of Fe from the liquid phase.
Article
Energy & Fuels
He Liang, Tao Wang, Zhenmin Luo, Jianliang Yu, Weizhai Yi, Fangming Cheng, Jingyu Zhao, Xingqing Yan, Jun Deng, Jihao Shi
Summary: This study investigated the influence of inhibitors (carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and heptafluoropropane) on the lower flammability limit of hydrogen and determined the critical inhibitory concentration needed for complete suppression. The impact of inhibitors on explosive characteristics was evaluated, and the inhibitory mechanism was analyzed with chemical kinetics. The results showed that with the increase of inhibitor quantity, the lower flammability limit of hydrogen also increased. The research findings can contribute to the safe utilization of hydrogen energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zonghui Liu, Zhongze Zhang, Yali Zhou, Ziling Wang, Mingyang Du, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Qingxiang Ma, Na Liu, Bing Xue
Summary: In this study, high-performance solid catalysts based on phosphotungstic acid (HPW) supported on Zr-SBA-15 were synthesized and evaluated for the one-pot conversion of furfural (FUR) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). The catalysts were characterized using various techniques, and the ratio of HPW and Zr was found to significantly affect the selectivity of GVL. The HPW/Zr-SBA-15 (2-4-15) catalyst exhibited the highest GVL yield (83%) under optimized reaction conditions, and it was determined that a balance between Bronsted acid sites (BAS) and Lewis acid sites (LAS) was crucial for achieving higher catalytic performance. The reaction parameters and catalyst stability were also investigated.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Michael Stoehr, Stephan Ruoff, Bastian Rauch, Wolfgang Meier, Patrick Le Clercq
Summary: As part of the global energy transition, an experimental study was conducted to understand the effects of different fuel properties on droplet vaporization for various conventional and alternative fuels. The study utilized a flow channel to measure the evolution of droplet diameters over time and distance. The results revealed the temperature-dependent effects of physical properties, such as boiling point, liquid density, and enthalpy of vaporization, and showed the complex interactions of preferential vaporization and temperature-dependent influences of physical properties for multi-component fuels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuan Zhuang, Ruikang Wu, Xinyan Wang, Rui Zhai, Changyong Gao
Summary: Through experimental validation and optimization of the chemical kinetic model, it was found that methanol can accelerate the oxidation reaction of ammonia, and methanol can be rapidly oxidized at high concentration. HO2 was found to generate a significant amount of OH radicals, facilitating the oxidation of methanol and ammonia. Rating: 7.5/10.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Radwan M. EL-Zohairy, Ahmed S. Attia, A. S. Huzayyin, Ahmed I. EL-Seesy
Summary: This paper presents a lab-scale experimental study on the impact of diethyl ether (DEE) as an additive to waste cooking oil biodiesel with Jet A-1 on combustion and emission features of a swirl-stabilized premixed flame. The addition of DEE to biodiesel significantly affects the flame temperature distribution and emissions. The W20D20 blend of DEE, biodiesel, and Jet A-1 shows similar flame temperature distribution to Jet A-1 and significantly reduces UHC, CO, and NOx emissions compared to Jet A-1.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jiang Bian, Ziyuan Zhao, Yang Liu, Ran Cheng, Xuerui Zang, Xuewen Cao
Summary: This study presents a novel method for ammonia separation using supersonic flow and develops a mathematical model to investigate the condensation phenomenon. The results demonstrate that the L-P nucleation model accurately characterizes the nucleation process of ammonia at low temperatures. Numerical simulations also show that increasing pressure and concentration can enhance ammonia condensation efficiency.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shiyuan Pan, Xiaodan Shi, Beibei Dong, Jan Skvaril, Haoran Zhang, Yongtu Liang, Hailong Li
Summary: Integrating CO2 capture with biomass-fired combined heat and power (bio-CHP) plants is a promising method for achieving negative emissions. This study develops a reliable data-driven model based on the Transformer architecture to predict the flowrate and CO2 concentration of flue gas in real time. The model validation shows high prediction accuracy, and the potential impact of meteorological parameters on model accuracy is assessed. The results demonstrate that the Transformer model outperforms other models and using near-infrared spectral data as input features improves the prediction accuracy.