Article
Water Resources
Tomas Vitvar, Jakub Jankovec, Martin Sanda
Summary: In this study, a novel transferable modelling approach was used to investigate the subsurface flow processes and hydrological dynamics in a small mountainous catchment in Czech Republic. The combination of conceptual knowledge, numerical modelling, water balance computation, and isotope-supported calibration provided valuable insights into the interactions between hillslope, wetland, and aquifer. The study highlights the importance of comprehensive research in small catchments.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Saumava Dey, Anirban Dhar
Summary: This paper introduces a mass-conservative finite volume solver for simulating the dynamics of regional-scale subsurface flow systems, using a stable and adaptive time-stepping algorithm and parallel computation technique to ensure smooth convergence and accelerate the computation process.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chengcheng Gong, Peter G. Cook, Rene Therrien, Wenke Wang, Philip Brunner
Summary: Groundwater models that simulate only saturated flow use groundwater recharge as an input parameter. However, variably saturated subsurface flow models require climate data such as precipitation and potential evapotranspiration instead of recharge. Despite the challenges in defining groundwater recharge in these models, variably saturated subsurface flow models can still provide crucial information for water resources management.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yufang Li, Mingsi Li, Hongguang Liu, Wenbao Qin
Summary: The study found that soil texture significantly affects drainage efficiency, with water moving quickly downwards in sandy soil, preventing it from entering the pipe, while water moves slower in loamy clay soil, allowing it to easily enter the pipe.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zexiong Zhou, Zhibing Yang, Song Xue, Ran Hu, Yi-Feng Chen
Summary: This study presents an experimental and theoretical investigation of unsaturated flow in discrete fracture networks. The breakthrough time of infiltrating liquid through the fracture networks and the spatial distribution of local flow status under different flow rates are studied. Visualized experiments and a theoretical model are used to analyze the fluid motion in the fracture network and understand the breakthrough time. The findings have important implications for predicting the time required for fluid/contaminant migration in unsaturated fractured media.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Water Resources
Anis Younes, Behshad Koohbor, Benjamin Belfort, Philippe Ackerer, Joanna Doummar, Marwan Fahs
Summary: The research presents a new efficient and accurate 2D numerical model for dense contaminant transport in unsaturated porous media, allowing simulation of large-scale problems with advanced spatial discretization methods and higher-order time integration techniques. This model's robustness and accuracy are demonstrated through comparison with a widely used commercial code based on the standard finite element method, and its applicability to large-scale problems is further explored through simulations of saltwater intrusion under climate change projection and long-term pumping regimes for the Akkar coastal aquifer in Lebanon using a simplified 2D conceptual model.
ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Anis Younes, Marwan Fahs, Philippe Ackerer
Summary: Modeling fluid flow and transport processes in porous media is a challenging task due to the complex physical processes and mathematical models involved. Continual exploration of new methods and model parameters is necessary to enhance understanding in this field.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Cheng-Yu Ku, Li-Dan Hong, Chih-Yu Liu, Jing-En Xiao
Summary: This paper proposes a novel meshless approach using space-time polyharmonic radial polynomial basis functions to model saturated and unsaturated flows in porous media. By investigating saturated and unsaturated flow problems, the robustness and high accuracy of the proposed method are demonstrated. The proposed space-time polyharmonic radial polynomial basis functions provide highly accurate solutions and higher accuracy and stability compared to conventional time-marching schemes in solving saturated and unsaturated flow problems.
ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Chuantan Hou, Zilong Zhang, Xiaoli Yang
Summary: This study investigates the face stability of tunnels excavated in unsaturated soils with changing groundwater levels. An analytical framework is developed and validated, showing that the effect of unsaturated flow needs to be considered when the unsaturated zone is sufficiently large. This research provides an important reference for the design of face supports in the initial stage of tunnel excavation in unsaturated soils.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Zongyuan Ma, Caihui Zhu, Xiaoliang Yao, Faning Dang
Summary: This study analyzed slope stability under saturated or unsaturated conditions, proposing the influence of a complex stress state on the slope stability with seepage flow. An elastoplastic model for soil under complex stress was established and analyzed using FLAC finite element method code. The study also examined the impact of intermediate principal stress and saturated or unsaturated seepage flow on slope stability.
Article
Water Resources
Nicolae Suciu, Davide Illiano, Alexander Prechtel, Florin A. Radu
Summary: The article presents new random walk methods for solving flow and transport problems in porous media, including coupled processes in soils and heterogeneous systems. The methods are based on global random walk algorithms and employ linearization techniques to handle nonlinearity and degeneracy, providing accurate numerical solutions in time and space.
ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Nicolae Suciu, Davide Illiano, Alexander Prechtel, Florin A. Radu
Summary: The article presents new random walk methods to solve flow and transport problems in porous media, using global random walk algorithms to approximate the solution and employing linearization techniques to handle nonlinearity and degeneracy. The resulting GRW L-schemes converge with the number of iterations and provide numerical solutions that are first-order accurate in time and second-order in space. These methods are practically free of numerical diffusion and are validated through comparisons with other solvers in benchmark problems.
ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ilhan Ozgen-Xian, Sergi Molins, Rachel M. Johnson, Zexuan Xu, Dipankar Dwivedi, Ralf Loritz, Utkarsh Mital, Craig Ulrich, Qina Yan, Carl I. Steefel
Summary: We computationally explore the relationship between surface-subsurface exchange and hydrological response in a headwater-dominated high elevation, mountainous catchment in East River Watershed, Colorado, USA. Our results show that changes in the surface-subsurface exchange fluxes trigger different flow regimes, connectivity dynamics, and runoff generation mechanisms inside the catchment, and hence, affect the distributed hydrological response. However, although the runoff formation in the catchment changes significantly, these changes do not significantly alter the aggregated streamflow hydrograph.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Xianbei Huang, Tao Fang, Kaiwen Pang, Qiang Guo, Baoyun Qiu, Jiaxing Lu
Summary: In this paper, a simple coupled level-set and volume of fluid and bifurcation models are used to accurately predict the flow in an open pump intake with a vertical pipe. The analysis of the transport equation of the vertical vorticity's enstrophy reveals the vortex motion mechanism. Different types of vortex patterns are observed.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sameh Alsaqoor, Piotr Piechota, Ali Alahmer, Samer As'ad, Nabil Beithu, Wieslaw Wedrychowicz, Artur Andruszkiewicz, Patryk Kotomski
Summary: This study examines the impact of changes in velocity profiles on the measurement inaccuracies of gas flow detected by an ultrasonic flowmeter. Variations in the shape factor coefficient are caused by changes in the downhill flow rate, affecting the cross-sectional velocity profile. The processing equation used in the flowmeter should take into account these variations to avoid inaccuracies in flow measurement.
Article
Forestry
Yiping Hou, Xiaohua Wei, Mingfang Zhang, Irena F. Creed, Steven G. McNulty, Silvio F. B. Ferraz
Summary: This synthesis estimated and compared the hydrological sensitivities (HSf) of annual streamflow to deforestation and forestation based on quantitative analyses of 311 watersheds worldwide. The study found that the hydrological sensitivities to forestation are significantly larger than those to deforestation, with an average change in annual streamflow of 1.24% following 1% forestation and 0.91% following 1% deforestation. Climate and watershed properties were identified as important factors influencing hydrological sensitivities.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Claudia Teutschbein, Elise Jonsson, Andrijana Todorovic, Faranak Tootoonchi, Elin Stenfors, Thomas Grabs
Summary: This manuscript presents a novel approach to assess future drought conditions through the WEFE nexus concept. Standardized drought indices, designed to represent different nexus sectors, were computed for 50 catchments in Sweden. The results reveal distinct patterns in the response of water, energy, food, and ecosystem services to future climate change, with different response times and drought durations across the sectors. These findings offer new insights into drought propagation through the WEFE nexus in cold climates and highlight the importance of tailored standardized drought indices for future drought projections.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Ursula Strandberg, Minna Hiltunen, Irena F. Creed, Michael T. Arts, Paula Kankaala
Summary: The effects of lake browning on trophic functioning of planktonic food webs are not fully understood. Browning increased phytoplankton biomass and concentrations of EPA and DHA in lakes, while the seston n-3/n-6 ratio was lower in temperate lakes due to differences in phytoplankton community composition. Lake browning resulted in increased reliance of zooplankton on heterotrophic microbial pathways, but the responses were highly specific to taxa and regions.
Review
Forestry
Zhiqiang Zhang, Lu Zhang, Hang Xu, Irena F. Creed, Juan A. Blanco, Xiaohua Wei, Ge Sun, Heidi Asbjornsen, Kevin Bishop
Summary: This paper reviews the literature on the impact of biophysical variables and management practices on forest water-use efficiency. It was found that water-use efficiency varies greatly with forest type, species, age, environmental conditions, and forest management practices. Climatic stresses often have negative effects on forest instantaneous water-use efficiency, and forest thinning can effectively improve water-use efficiency. These findings have important implications for managing the tradeoffs between carbon sequestration and water yield of forests.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hongxiu Wang, Han Li, Wei Xiang, Yanwei Lu, Huanhuan Wang, Wei Hu, Bingcheng Si, Scott Jasechko, Jeffrey J. McDonnell
Summary: In this study, a 98 m soil core from the Loess Plateau of China was sampled and the relationship between pore water isotopic values and hydroclimate history was examined. The results showed that the δO-18 and δH-2 values between 14-50 m were anomalously low, corresponding well to the Little Ice Age period from 1420 to 1870. This identification was consistent with other standard proxies in the region and revealed the temporal dynamics of temperature anomalies. The study highlights the potential of stable isotopes of soil water for paleoclimate reconstruction in deep soils.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Skerlep, S. Nehzati, R. A. Sponseller, P. Persson, H. Laudon, E. S. Kritzberg
Summary: Increasing iron concentrations in freshwaters across northern Europe have led to browning, affecting aquatic organisms and drinking water production. The contribution of different sources to stream iron concentrations is not well understood. This study investigated the role of riparian and mire soils in regulating iron patterns in a boreal stream network over 18 years. Results showed that riparian soils were major contributors to increasing freshwater iron concentrations, and drought events led to prolonged release of iron from organic soils, with potential long-term effects on stream iron concentrations.
GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
(2023)
Letter
Limnology
Peter D. F. Isles, Irena F. Creed, Dag O. Hessen, Pirkko Kortelainen, Michael Paterson, Francesco Pomati, James A. Rusak, Jussi Vuorenmaa, Ann-Kristin Bergstrom
Summary: In recent years, unexplained declines in lake TP concentrations have been observed in northern latitudes (> 42 degrees N latitude). Data from 389 lakes in Fennoscandia and eastern North America were analyzed to investigate the effects of climate on lake TP concentrations. Synchrony in year-to-year variability was found within and among different geographic regions, indicating climatic influences. Winter temperature was identified as the most important factor controlling annual TP, followed by summer precipitation.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Forestry
Hjalmar Laudon, Eliza Maher Hasselquist
Summary: Continuous-cover forestry (CCF) is being considered as a potential alternative to clear-cut harvesting in boreal forests to improve water quality and quantity, biodiversity, and carbon sequestration. This study reviews the empirical evidence for the benefits of CCF on drained forested peatlands, discusses potential risks and uncertainties, and highlights unanswered questions before large-scale implementation. The ability to maintain forest production on drained peatlands depends on water regulation of groundwater table, and CCF could provide an alternative approach to manage groundwater without disturbing the existing artificial channel network. While CCF could lower the risk of flooding and droughts and enhance water quality and carbon sequestration, uncertainties remain regarding natural regeneration, soil damage, and the effects of climate change.
TREES FORESTS AND PEOPLE
(2023)
Article
Soil Science
Ehsan Zarrinabadi, David A. Lobb, Eric Enanga, Pascal Badiou, Irena F. Creed
Summary: Wetlandscapes in the Canadian Prairies are vulnerable to sediment infilling due to land conversion and upland agricultural activities. This study examines the effects of agricultural activities on soil loss and sedimentation rates within agricultural landscapes. Findings reveal that erosion occurs near the top of the catchment toposequences, while deposition occurs within the wetland ecosystem. These transfers from cultivated fields into wetlands highlight the need for soil erosion control practices in order to achieve sustainable management of agricultural landscapes.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kevin J. Erratt, Irena F. Creed, David A. Lobb, John P. Smol, Charles G. Trick
Summary: Cyanobacterial blooms pose a significant threat to water security, with anthropogenic forcing being implicated as a key driver behind the recent upsurge and global expansion of cyanobacteria in modern times. The potential effects of land-use alterations and climate change can lead to complicated, less-predictable scenarios in cyanobacterial management, especially when forecasting cyanobacterial toxin risks.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Water Resources
Shirin Karimi, Jason Leach, Reinert Huseby Karlsen, Jan Seibert, Kevin Bishop, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Boreal catchments consist of different land covers, which result in different runoff responses to rainfall events. This study investigates the impact of peatlands on flood attenuation at both local and stream network scales. The results show that peatlands can attenuate floods in certain rainfall events, but in other events, the flood levels in peatland-dominated areas are similar to forest-dominated areas.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kevin J. Erratt, Irena F. Creed, Elizabeth J. Favot, John P. Smol, Rolf D. Vinebrooke, David A. Lobb, Charles G. Trick
Summary: The global rise of cyanobacterial blooms necessitates the development of tools for managing cyanobacteria-prone water bodies. This study compares spectral inferences using VNIRS with molecular quantification using qPCR to reconstruct cyanobacterial abundance in sediments. The findings suggest that VNIRS is suitable for reconstructing recent cyanobacterial prevalence, but further refinement is needed in some cases.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Johannes Larson, Jorgen Wallerman, Matthias Peichl, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Boreal forests have large carbon pools, with the organic layer being the largest carbon pool. The size of the soil carbon pool is positively related to simulated soil moisture conditions, while the tree carbon pool is influenced by moisture levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Virginia Mosquera, Hjalmar Laudon, Meredith Blackburn, Eliza Maher Hasselquist, Ryan A. Sponseller
Summary: Flow regulates the concentrations of different solutes differently, with organic solutes mainly limited by transport capacity and inorganic solutes mainly limited by their sources. The relationships between solute concentration and flow are influenced by catchment structure, and these changes can affect the concentrations and resource ratios of solutes in streams, with subsequent impacts on aquatic ecological processes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anna Lupon, Stefan Willem Ploum, Jason Andrew Leach, Lenka Kuglerova, Hjalmar Laudon
Summary: Preferential groundwater flow paths can influence dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration and export in the fluvial network. However, the mechanisms by which DRIPs influence longitudinal patterns of stream DOC concentrations are still poorly understood.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Arfan Arshad, Ali Mirchi, Javier Vilcaez, Muhammad Umar Akbar, Kaveh Madani
Summary: High-resolution, continuous groundwater data is crucial for adaptive aquifer management. This study presents a predictive modeling framework that incorporates covariates and existing observations to estimate groundwater level changes. The framework outperforms other methods and provides reliable estimates for unmonitored sites. The study also examines groundwater level changes in different regions and highlights the importance of effective aquifer management.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Lihua Chen, Jie Deng, Wenzhe Yang, Hang Chen
Summary: A new grid-based distributed karst hydrological model (GDKHM) is developed to simulate streamflow in the flood-prone karst area of Southwest China. The results show that the GDKHM performs well in predicting floods and capturing the spatial variability of karst system.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Faruk Gurbuz, Avinash Mudireddy, Ricardo Mantilla, Shaoping Xiao
Summary: Machine learning algorithms have shown better performance in streamflow prediction compared to traditional hydrological models. In this study, researchers proposed a methodology to test and benchmark ML algorithms using artificial data generated by physically-based hydrological models. They found that deep learning algorithms can correctly identify the relationship between streamflow and rainfall in certain conditions, but fail to outperform traditional prediction methods in other scenarios.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yadong Ji, Jianyu Fu, Bingjun Liu, Zeqin Huang, Xuejin Tan
Summary: This study distinguishes the uncertainty in drought projection into scenario uncertainty, model uncertainty, and internal variability uncertainty. The results show that the estimation of total uncertainty reaches a minimum in the mid-21st century and that model uncertainty is dominant in tropical regions.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Z. R. van Leeuwen, M. J. Klaar, M. W. Smith, L. E. Brown
Summary: This study quantifies the effectiveness of leaky dams in reducing flood peak magnitude using a transfer function noise modelling approach. The results show that leaky dams have a significant but highly variable impact on flood peak magnitude, and managing expectations should consider event size and type.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zeda Yin, Yasaman Saadati, M. Hadi Amini, Linlong Bian, Beichao Hu
Summary: Combined sewer overflows pose significant threats to public health and the environment, and various strategies have been proposed to mitigate their adverse effects. Smart control strategies have gained traction due to their cost-effectiveness but face challenges in balancing precision and computational efficiency. To address this, we propose exploring machine learning models and the inversion of neural networks for more efficient CSO prediction and optimization.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qimou Zhang, Jiacong Huang, Jing Zhang, Rui Qian, Zhen Cui, Junfeng Gao
Summary: This study developed a N-cycling model for lowland rural rivers covered by macrophytes and investigated the N imports, exports, and response to sediment dredging. The findings showed a considerable N retention ability in the study river, with significant N imports from connected rivers and surrounding polders. Sediment dredging increased particulate nitrogen resuspension and settling rates, while decreasing ammonia nitrogen release, denitrification, and macrophyte uptake rates.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xue Li, Yingyin Zhou, Jian Sha, Man Zhang, Zhong-Liang Wang
Summary: High-resolution climate data is crucial for predicting regional climate and water environment changes. In this study, a two-step downscaling method was developed to enhance the spatial resolution of GCM data and improve the accuracy for small basins. The method combined medium-resolution climate data with high-resolution topographic data to capture spatial and temporal details. The downscaled climate data were then used to simulate the impacts of climate change on hydrology and water quality in a small basin. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the downscaling method for spatially differentiated simulations.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tongqing Shen, Peng Jiang, Jiahui Zhao, Xuegao Chen, Hui Lin, Bin Yang, Changhai Tan, Ying Zhang, Xinting Fu, Zhongbo Yu
Summary: This study evaluates the long-term interannual dynamics of permafrost distribution and active layer thickness on the Tibetan Plateau, and predicts future degradation trends. The results show that permafrost area has been decreasing and active layer thickness has been increasing, with an accelerated degradation observed in recent decades. This has significant implications for local water cycle processes, water ecology, and water security.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chi Zhang, Xu Zhang, Qiuhong Tang, Deliang Chen, Jinchuan Huang, Shaohong Wu, Yubo Liu
Summary: Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau is influenced by systems such as the Asian monsoons, the westerlies, and local circulations. The Indian monsoon, the westerlies, and local circulations are the main systems affecting precipitation over the entire Tibetan Plateau. The East Asian summer monsoon primarily affects the eastern Tibetan Plateau. The Indian monsoon has the greatest influence on precipitation in the southern and central grid cells, while the westerlies have the greatest influence on precipitation in the northern and western grid cells. Local circulations have the strongest influence on the central and eastern grid cells.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Manuel Almeida, Antonio Rodrigues, Pedro Coelho
Summary: This study aimed to improve the accuracy of Total Phosphorus export coefficient models, which are essential for water management. Four different models were applied to 27 agroforestry watersheds in the Mediterranean region. The modeling approach showed significant improvements in predicting the Total Phosphorus diffuse loads.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yutao Wang, Haojie Yin, Ziyi Wang, Yi Li, Pingping Wang, Longfei Wang
Summary: This study investigated the distribution and transformation of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in riverbed sediments impacted by effluent discharge. The authors found that the spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface water and sediment porewater could be used to predict DON variations in riverbed sediments. Random forest and extreme gradient boosting machine learning methods were employed to provide accurate predictions of DON content and properties at different depths. These findings have important implications for wastewater discharge management and river health.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Saba Mirza Alipour, Kolbjorn Engeland, Joao Leal
Summary: This study assesses the uncertainty associated with 100-year flood maps under different scenarios using Monte Carlo simulations. The findings highlight the importance of employing probabilistic approaches for accurate and secure flood maps, with the selection of probability distribution being the primary source of uncertainty in precipitation.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Janine A. de Wit, Marjolein H. J. van Huijgevoort, Jos C. van Dam, Ge A. P. H. van den Eertwegh, Dion van Deijl, Coen J. Ritsema, Ruud P. Bartholomeus
Summary: The study focuses on the hydrological consequences of controlled drainage with subirrigation (CD-SI) on groundwater level, soil moisture content, and soil water potential. The simulations show that CD-SI can improve hydrological conditions for crop growth, but the success depends on subtle differences in geohydrologic characteristics.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Constantin Seidl, Sarah Ann Wheeler, Declan Page
Summary: Water availability and quality issues will become increasingly important in the future due to climate change impacts. Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) is an effective water management tool, but often overlooked. This study analyzes global MAR applications and identifies the key factors for success, providing valuable insights for future design and application.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2024)