Article
Energy & Fuels
Lihui Song, Zechen Hu, Lingxin Fang, Yongmei Cai, Sheng He, Haiyan Huang, WeiChih Hsu, Xuegong Yu, Deren Yang
Summary: The two-step postfiring bias treatment can significantly enhance the efficiency of commercial gallium-doped PERC solar cells by up to 0.1%, with positive biasing followed by negative biasing resulting in an average efficiency enhancement of around 0.05% each. A new model involving hydrogen behavior under electric field is proposed to explain the mechanism behind the efficiency improvement from the bias treatments.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ashok Kumar Sharma, Suchismita Mitra, Siddharth Behera, Prabir K. Basu
Summary: The study focuses on reducing losses at the rear surface of PERC solar cells through process optimization, with spreading resistance and reverse saturation current density identified as key parameters for efficiency improvement. The research suggests a potential increase of 1.29% in power conversion efficiency by selecting appropriate wafer resistivity and improving passivation uniformity across the solar cell area.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chuanke Chen, He Wang, Jianbo Wang, Jun Lv, Hong Yang
Summary: The field degradation of gallium-doped PERC solar modules was found to be smaller than that of stabilized boron-doped PERC solar modules, possibly due to the combined effects of light-induced degradation and light and elevated temperature-induced degradation.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Chih Cheng Yang, Sheng Yao Chou, Min Chen Chen, Shih Kai Lin, Sung Yu Chen, Shui Chin Liu, Kao Yuan Wang, Tsung Ming Tsai, Jen Wei Huang, Ting Chang Chang
Summary: The use of supercritical fluid as a low temperature defect passivation technology to enhance PERC solar cell performance was investigated in this study. Electronic analysis confirmed the benefits of the SCF treatment on solar cell properties. A proposed model explained how the SCF treatment passivates interface defects and improves device performance.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Sourav Sadhukhan, Shiladitya Acharyya, Tamalika Panda, Nabin Chandra Mandal, Gourab Das, Santanu Maity, Partha Chaudhuri, Susanta Chakraborty, Hiranmay Saha
Summary: The decrease in full-area rear metal contact to partial rear contact contributes to the increase in efficiency of PERC solar cells. P-type tunnel oxide passivated contacts (TOPCon) solar cells further improve efficiency by removing the partial rear metal contact and introducing a thin tunneling oxide layer at the rear. By integrating TOPCon and PERC architectures, a modified design known as TOPerc solar cell achieves efficiencies of 25.2% and 26.0% for different p-type wafer lifetimes.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tian Pu, Honglie Shen, Kuang Hong Neoh, Kai Gao, Fei Ye
Summary: This study successfully reduced the reflectance of a c-Si wafer surface and improved the passivation effect by preparing the NH structure. The NH structure, prepared using metal-assisted chemical etching and nanostructure rebuilding methods, showed great potential for mass production of monocrystalline silicon cells.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nicholas E. Grant, Pietro P. Altermatt, Tim Niewelt, Regina Post, Wolfram Kwapil, Martin C. Schubert, John D. Murphy
Summary: Czochralski-grown gallium-doped silicon wafers are commonly used for commercial PERC devices due to their enhanced stability. The carrier lifetime of these wafers can reach into the millisecond region without additional processing, showing an advantage over boron-doped silicon. The stability of gallium-doped PERC cells under illumination varies, with some cells exhibiting degradation and recovery resembling LeTID, while others remain stable.
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Gamze Koekbudak, Ahmet E. Kececi, Hisham Nasser, Rasit Turan
Summary: The study investigated the passivation quality of ultra-thin Al2O3 on Cz p-type wafers for PERC solar cells. Results showed that ultra-thin Al2O3 thicknesses can provide superior passivation quality compared to commonly applied larger thicknesses, offering potential for cost reduction and efficiency improvements in industrial PERC solar cells.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuai Zou, Xiaoya Ye, Jianming Ding, Chengkun Wu, Shaozhou Wang, Giuseppe Scardera, Malcolm Abbott, Yu Zhang, Ronglei Fan, Yadong Xu, Xusheng Wang, Mingrong Shen, Xiaodong Su
Summary: This study proposes a strategy for the mass production of PERC-SE solar cells using heteroface monocrystalline silicon wafers by combining alkaline polishing and metal-catalyzed chemical etching. The strategy achieves high efficiency solar cells with a superior rear surface, lower cost, and reduced waste.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shengzhao Yuan, Yanfeng Cui, Yufeng Zhuang, Penghui Chen, Yuting Hu, Bin Yang, Yuanyuan Yu, Yichao Ren, Wenjie Wang, Wenhao Chen, Yimao Wan, Zhigao Hu, Junhao Chu
Summary: One key feature to improve PERC solar cell performance is selective emitter (SE) realized mainly by laser doping; tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) dramatically reduces recombination at metallized area; with improved alignment precision, TOPCon SE will provide an increase in efficiency.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chuanxiao Xiao, Steve Johnston, Chun-Sheng Jiang, Vincenzo LaSalvia, Dana B. Sulas-Kern, Michael D. Kempe, David L. Young, Dirk C. Jordan, Mowafak M. Al-Jassim, Ingrid Repins
Summary: The study investigates the long-term degradation processes affecting advanced silicon solar cells under laboratory-based illumination and heating, with findings showing that the degradation is mainly attributed to reduction in minority carrier lifetime. Furthermore, it is highlighted that degradation under elevated temperature and illumination conditions may continue to affect cells in an irreversible manner.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Chengjing Shi, Yuan Fan, Yuhua Gu, Borong Sang, Sihua Zhong, Xiangyang Kong, Wenzhong Shen, Xiaomin Song, Zengguang Huang
Summary: The study demonstrates the design and performance of a novel ultrathin bifacial PERC solar cell with an inverted pyramid texture on a flexible silicon wafer. Through PC1D simulation, a maximum efficiency of 23.44% was achieved, showcasing improved output performance compared to traditional cells.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hanrui Cui, Ning Yang, Xiao Yuan, Cui Liu, Xiaojun Ye, Hongbo Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that adding an annealing process in the production line can enhance defect repair and passivation effect of PERC cells, leading to improved conversion efficiency. Additionally, the research investigates the influence of gas composition on the annealing process.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kai Sporleder, Jan Bauer, Bengt Jaeckel, Volker Nauman, Marko Turek, Christian Hagendorf
Summary: Detrimental corrosive potential-induced degradation was found at the rear side of bifacial solar cells recently. This nonreversible effect causes typical surface damages at the micrometer scale and electrical losses even in areas without visible damage. The cracks in the nanometer scale at the interface between Si bulk and Al2O3 are believed to originate from oxidation of Si bulk due to potential-induced degradation stress.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zechen Hu, Lihui Song, Dehang Lin, Tong Zhao, Qiyuan He, Shuai Yuan, Xuegong Yu, Deren Yang
Summary: This work demonstrates that forward current injection and annealing pre-treatment can significantly suppress V-oc degradation in both p-type Cast-Mono silicon and multicrystalline silicon Passivated Emitter and Rear Cells (PERC) during prolonged Light and elevated Temperature Induced Degradation (LeTID) stability test. The study also reveals that modest injected current and annealing temperature are optimal for cell performance.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yi Xu, Waqas Ahmad, Md Mehedi Hassan, Huanhuan Li, Qin Ouyang, Quansheng Chen
Summary: A novel g-C3N4 nanosheets-assisted upconversion fluorescent aptasensor was developed for Staphylococcus aureus detection using hybridization chain reaction (HCR). The presence of S. aureus activated the HCR system and resulted in a decrease in peroxidase-like activity of g-C3N4 nanosheets and fluorescence recovery proportional to the concentration of S. aureus. The method showed acceptable recoveries in real food samples and was validated by a traditional plate counting method.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Letter
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Menhas Ahmad, Waqas Ahmad, Satesh Kumar
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Nasir Amin, Hassan Ali Alkadhim, Waqas Ahmad, Kaffayatullah Khan, Hisham Alabduljabbar, Abdullah Mohamed
Summary: Using solid waste in building materials is an efficient approach to achieving sustainability goals. The flexural strength (FS) of cementitious composites (CCs) incorporating waste glass powder (WGP) was evaluated experimentally and through machine learning (ML) methods. The effectiveness of ML models was assessed and it was found that the bagging regressor method had a greater level of accuracy in estimating the FS. ML strategies will benefit the building industry by providing cost-effective and rapid solutions for analyzing material characteristics.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Baoning Wang, Waqas Ahmad, Quansheng Chen, Qin Ouyang
Summary: A sensitive fluorescence nanosensor was developed for the detection of nitrite in pickled meat products, offering rapid detection and low detection limits.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Waqas Ahmad, Jiang Wu, Qiandong Zhuang, Arup Neogi, Zhiming Wang
Summary: This review presents the latest developments in fabricating broadband photodetectors based on conventional 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). It focuses on the recent progress in group-10 TMDCs in terms of lattice structure and synthesis techniques. The review also discusses the applications of group-10 TMDCs in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics, and provides perspectives for next-generation broadband photodetectors.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shammas Mushtaq, Sofia Tahir, Arslan Ashfaq, Ruy Sebastian Bonilla, Muhammad Haneef, Rabia Saeed, Waqas Ahmad, Nasir Amin
Summary: This study reports a modeling-guided device optimization process to design highly efficient lead-free n-i-p methyl ammonium tin bromide (MASnBr3) perovskite solar cells. The influence of different parameters on the performance of MASnBr3 devices is thoroughly investigated using numerical simulations. An optimized device structure is proposed, showing the potential of MASnBr3 as a nontoxic perovskite for renewable energy.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Waqas Ahmad, Liang Pan, Karim Khan, Lingpu Jia, Qiandong Zhuang, Zhiming Wang
Summary: Van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructures enable bandgap engineering of different 2D materials to broaden the spectrum beyond individual 2D materials' cut-off wavelength. Interlayer transition plays a significant role in the optoelectronic performance of vdWs heterostructure devices, and strong interlayer transition is always desirable for charge transfer and speed response. This review summarizes recent progress on interlayer transition in vdWs heterostructures for near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors, including synthesis techniques, band alignments, mechanism, and applications.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Waqar Ahmad, Muhammad Zubair, Mahmood Ahmed, Muhammad Ahmad, Shoomaila Latif, Abdul Hameed, Qudsia Kanwal, Dure Najaf Iqbal
Summary: The generation of solid waste is increasing due to rapid urbanization and industrialization, and the leachate leakages from landfills pose a threat to human health. This study analyzed the composition of metals and metalloid in soil samples using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometric studies. The results showed that the levels of metals in the soil were within the permissible limits set by international standards. However, soil contamination with mercury and cadmium posed an ecological risk. Children were found to have the highest exposure to metals through soil, and the cancer risk for chromium was observed to be at the lower edge.
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xiaodan Ding, Waqas Ahmad, Jizhong Wu, Yawen Rong, Qin Ouyang, Quansheng Chen
Summary: An ultrasensitive detection strategy for ciprofloxacin (CIP) has been developed using copper ions-induced charge transfer in poly acrylic acid (PAA) functionalized upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs)/2,2-bipyridine (bipy) system. Copper ions adhere to the surface of PAA-UCNPs, deactivating fluorescence, while bipy controls aggregation. CIP coordinates with the bipy-Cu complex, causing the release of trapped fluorescence. The method shows a good calibration plot (0.05-1000 ng/mL) and a detection limit of 0.13 ng/mL.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
W. Ahmad, E. H. Aljuhani, H. Alwael, E. A. Assirey, H. M. Nassef, M. S. El-Shahawi
Summary: The electrochemical behavior and adsorption properties of food colorant erythrosine b (E127) were investigated and a sensitive analysis method was developed. The energy levels, absorption, and redox potentials of E127 were determined using computational methods. Experimental results validated the proposed redox mechanism and allowed for the detection of E127 in various samples.
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kaffayatullah Khan, Waqas Ahmad, Muhammad Nasir Amin, Ahmed Farouk Deifalla
Summary: This study investigated the effect of eggshell powder on the water-absorption capacity of cement mortar through experimental testing and machine learning modeling. The results showed that the addition of eggshell powder reduced the water absorption capacity of the cement mortar. The ML models constructed exhibited good agreement with the experimental results and can be used to determine the water absorption of cement mortar incorporating eggshell powder.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Muhammad Asif Ali, Noohela Khan, Nabeeha Kaleem, Waqas Ahmad, Salem Hussain Alharethi, Bandar Alharbi, Hassan H. Alhassan, Maher M. Al-Enazi, Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, Babagana Modu, Daniela Calina, Javad Sharifi-Rad
Summary: Sulforaphane is an isothiocyanate with diverse biomedical applications. It can be extracted from plants, with broccoli sprouts being the richest source. This review paper aims to summarize the mechanisms behind sulforaphane's anticancer potential, concluding that it alters epigenetic and non-epigenetic pathways for cancer protection. Further research is needed for standard dosing.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Nanlan Wang, Zhengjun Xia, Muhammad Nasir Amin, Waqas Ahmad, Kaffayatullah Khan, Fadi Althoey, Hisham Alabduljabbar
Summary: This study investigates the impact of eggshell powder (ESP) on cement mortar exposed to an acidic environment using testing and machine learning modeling. The results show that the addition of ESP can reduce the loss of cement mortar, and the developed ML models are in good agreement with the experimental findings.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Waqas Ahmad, Sajid Ullah, Imtiaz Ahmad, Taj Muhammad, Yu Shuang Ren, Muhammad Ilyas
Summary: This article describes the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) from fish scales and its application for removing organic contaminants from refinery wastewater. Characterization using XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDX analysis showed that the synthesized GO had a consistent structure. The GO exhibited a rough, porous, and layered morphology similar to two-dimensional sheets of GO. The adsorption process of the adsorbent followed a pseudo-2nd order kinetic model and maintained high efficiency over multiple cycles.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Waqas Ahmad, Hikmat Ullah Khan, Tassawar Iqbal, Saqib Iqbal
Summary: Sentiment analysis is a popular research field in the current era due to its wide range of applications. This study proposes an Attention-based Multi-Channel Gated Recurrent Neural Network (Att-MC-GRU) for aspect extraction and sentiment classification. The method combines word embedding, part of speech tags, and contextual position information, and achieves higher accuracy compared to existing techniques.
