Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chengyuan Cai, Junqiao Zhu, Xiaobin Huang, Changda Xu, Zhenyu Wang, Tingting You, Xiao Wang, Jisheng Xiao, Xiaopin Duan
Summary: A hypoxia-responsive delivery system is constructed using ferric (Fe3+) with mitoxantrone (MTO), sulfasalazine (SAS), and hypoxia-sensitive dopamine derivative of polyethylene glycol (PEG) for the closed-loop synergistic enhancement of ferroptosis and immunotherapy. The system prevents premature drug leakage, facilitates deep penetration, and induces immunogenic ferroptosis for enhanced immunotherapy. The synergistic effect significantly inhibits tumor growth, prolongs survival, and shows no obvious toxicity.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuxiang Wang, Yawen Ding, Dan Yao, Hong Dong, Changwei Ji, Jinhui Wu, Yiqiao Hu, Ahu Yuan
Summary: The use of Cu-based nanoscale coordination polymers in combination with radiation therapy can induce potent ICD, leading to enhanced dendritic cell maturation and promotion of anti-tumor T-cell infiltration, which can potentiate the efficacy of checkpoint blockade immunotherapies against primary and metastatic tumors.
Article
Microbiology
Pierre L. Bonnet, Solene Le Gal, Chloe Gautier, Claire Hoffmann, Nathan Le Nan, Andre Happe, Rozenn Le Berre, Alain Saraux, Gilles Nevez
Summary: MTX treatment does not exert overt selective pressure on P. jirovecii organisms.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sarang S. Nath
Summary: A novel approach based on graph theory is used to identify the complete set of thermodynamically consistent sub-cyclic routes that produce a net positive reaction flux in the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) network. The method also selects the minimal set of linearly independent rate equations (mechanisms) from the net positive flux cycles. By quantifying the steady-state flux through these sub-cycles, the sub-cycle that generates the maximum flux is determined as the most probable mechanism of the pathway. This analysis is applied to both wild-type and mutant Escherichia coli DHFR systems, providing insights into the kinetic mechanism of complex cyclic reaction networks.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Robin Demuynck, Iuliia Efimova, Faye Naessens, Dmitri Krysko
Summary: Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death distinct from apoptosis and necroptosis, and has potential in anticancer therapy. However, ferroptotic cancer cells may pose a risk of tumor evasion due to decreased phagocytosis and antigen cross-presentation. Factors such as lactate, acidification, and hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment play a role in promoting ferroptosis resistance and affecting its immunogenicity.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Zongtao Liu, Nianguo Dong, Haipeng Hui, Yixuan Wang, Fayun Liu, Li Xu, Ming Liu, Zhenqi Rao, Zhen Yuan, Yuqiang Shang, Jun Feng, Zhejun Cai, Fei Li
Summary: This study found that the levels of BH4 in the circulation and aortic valve tissue were significantly decreased in patients with aortic valve calcification. Endothelial cell-specific deficiency of GCH1 contributed to the development of aortic valve calcification. Oxidized LDL induced osteoblastic differentiation of valvular interstitial cells, which was inhibited by BH4 supplementation. Generation of peroxynitrite and tyrosine nitration of DRP1 contributed to aortic valve calcification. Folic acid attenuated hypercholesterolemia-induced aortic valve calcification by increasing DHFR levels.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fengyun Shen, Danlei Tao, Rui Peng, Yao He, Zhuang Liu, Jiansong Ji, Liangzhu Feng
Summary: Researchers have synthesized a covalent organic polymer with good physiological stability and sonosensitization efficacy through esterification of a water insoluble sonosensitizer with a oxaliplatin prodrug and PEG. This polymer can induce effective immunogenic cancer cell death under ultrasound exposure and also be used for real-time tracking of dyes and radioisotopes in disease tissues, enhancing the treatment outcome of SDT.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Akos Vegvari, Jimmy E. Rodriguez, Roman A. Zubarev
Summary: Chemical proteomics investigates the impact of drugs on cellular proteomes. Single-cell proteomics analysis is necessary due to the complexity and diversity of tumors. Single-cell chemical proteomics (SCCP) has become quantitative enough to study the effects of drugs on target proteins, revealing the heterogeneous response of cancer cells.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Duangrudee Tanramluk, Danaya Pakotiprapha, Sakao Phoochaijaroen, Pattra Chantravisut, Sirikanya Thampradid, Jarunee Vanichtanankul, Lalita Narupiyakul, Ruj Akavipat, Jirundon Yuvaniyama
Summary: The MANORAA platform utilizes structure-based methods to analyze drug design, providing information on active sites and ligand binding affinity derived from mapping molecules such as amino acids. The platform's algorithms can predict changes in binding affinity, and their effectiveness is validated through experimental studies. Additionally, the platform links to major biological databases, allowing for web-based analysis of drug design.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Daolin Tang, Oliver Kepp, Guido Kroemer
Summary: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death that has been shown to have antitumor immune effects, inducing immunogenic cell death by emitting DAMPs and triggering dendritic cell maturation in vitro. Furthermore, ferroptotic cells are capable of vaccinating against fibrosarcoma rechallenge in preclinical models.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chiu-Yueh Hung, Chuanshu Zhu, Farooqahmed S. Kittur, Maotao He, Erland Arning, Jianhui Zhang, Asia J. Johnson, Gurpreet S. Jawa, Michelle D. Thomas, Tomas T. Ding, Jiahua Xie
Summary: The pathophysiology of Huntington's disease (HD), caused by the mutant huntingtin protein (mHtt), is still not fully understood. This study explored the early pathogenic events induced by expanded polyglutamine tracts in plants and mice models. The findings suggest that impaired GTP cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH) expression and folate metabolism may play a role in the pathogenesis of HD.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Maria Bibi, Naveeda Akhter Qureshi, Abdul Sadiq, Umar Farooq, Abbas Hassan, Nargis Shaheen, Irfa Asghar, Duaa Umer, Azmat Ullah, Farhan A. Khan, Muhammad Salman, Ahtaram Bibi, Umer Rashid
Summary: Efforts to find efficient therapeutic drug targets for leishmaniasis have focused on DHFR. This study aimed to design and synthesize selective antifolates targeting L. major, with compound 59 showing potent inhibition of the parasite. Selectivity for LmDHFR over human DHFR was demonstrated, with compounds 56 and 58 showing the highest selectivity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cindy V. Bui, Curtis W. Boswell, Brian Ciruna, Jonathan V. Rocheleau
Summary: This study develops an in vivo assay to measure endogenous NADPH/NADP+ dynamics in pancreatic beta cells of live zebrafish embryos using the Apollo-NADP+ sensor. Results show that pyruvate cycling is the main source of NADP+ reduction in beta cells, with contributions from folate cycling. Additionally, stress induces an increase in folate cycling in beta cells, which requires increased glycolytic intermediates and cytosolic NAD+.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei Liu, Cha Lin, Zheyu Liu, Chenchen Zhu, Zhongda Lin, Dan Xu, Jian Chen, Qian Huang, Chuan-Yuan Li, Linlin Hou, Ji-An Pan, Xinjian Liu
Summary: This study reveals the role of ALG3 in regulating tumor immunogenicity and proposes a potential therapeutic strategy for enhancing cancer immunotherapy. The researchers found that inhibiting ALG3 can boost the response of tumors to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, and they identified the mechanism behind it. Inhibiting ALG3 leads to deficiencies in post-translational N-linked glycosylation modification, which induces lipid hyperperoxidation and promotes a pro-inflammatory microenvironment in cancer cells, ultimately enhancing anti-tumor immune responses.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexandre Fromain, Jose Efrain Perez, Aurore van de Walle, Yoann Lalatonne, Claire Wilhelm
Summary: This study demonstrates that photothermia at the nanoscale can trigger the degradation of magnetic nanoparticles, leading to the release of Fe(II) and enabling photothermo-ferroptotic therapy. The temperature acts as an accelerator for nanoparticle degradation and can be remotely triggered by laser-mediated photothermal conversion. The efficacy of this treatment method has been confirmed in in vitro experiments.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hao Ke, Zhengmeng Liu, Qian Chen, Guohai Liu, Gaohong Xu
Summary: This article proposes an equivalent magnetic network (EMN) model with hybrid cross-shaped mesh (CS-M) elements to improve the accuracy of electromagnetic analysis. The model allows for more accurate solving of airgap flux density and simplifies the simulation of relative motion while accurately separating transient torque components.
IET ELECTRIC POWER APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qian Chen, Jing Chen, Qingqing Zhang, Peizheng Yang, Rong Gu, Hao Ren, Yue Dai, Shiqian Huang, Jinhui Wu, Xudong Wu, Yiqiao Hu, Ahu Yuan
Summary: Radiation therapy has the potential to induce immunogenic cell death in tumor cells, leading to in situ vaccination and systemic antitumor immune responses. However, there are limitations to using radiation therapy alone, such as insufficient X-ray deposition and an immunosuppressive microenvironment. To overcome these limitations, researchers developed AmGd-NPs, nanoscale coordination particles that could enhance immunogenic cell death, improve phagocytosis, and promote antigen presentation when combined with radiation therapy. AmGd-NPs also inhibited CD73 activity and promoted a proinflammatory tumor microenvironment, leading to potent in situ vaccination and boosted antitumor immune responses.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haiheng Xu, Shuqin Xiong, Yiyun Chen, Qingsong Ye, Nan Guan, Yiqiao Hu, Jinhui Wu
Summary: By engineering tumor-targeting bacteria, researchers achieved precise tumor hemorrhage, leading to a change in the immunosuppressive phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages and improving the efficacy of antitumor therapy.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Guohai Liu, Abdallah Farahat, Qian Chen, Jiahao Zhang, Xu Wang
Summary: This study proposes a sensorless control strategy based on a medium and high-speed super-twisting sliding mode observer for a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. The strategy utilizes space vector pulse width modulation control and achieves estimation of any two healthy phase back electromotive forces under normal and open-circuit fault operations, while accounting for parameter variations and external disturbances. The proposed method includes a phase-locked loop to extract rotor position and speed, and demonstrates strong robustness, system chattering suppression, and improved estimation accuracy in the medium and high-speed range. Simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method under different load conditions.
JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Review
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Qian Chen, Xuan Wang, Zoe Lin Jiang, Yulin Wu, Huale Li, Lei Cui, Xiaozhen Sun
Summary: The theory of mechanism design can be applied in various fields, including politics and military affairs, and it is of great practical and strategic significance for countries undergoing system innovation and transformation. It provides a high-performance computing solution to evaluate complex real-world scenarios and achieve better social welfare through efficient resource allocation.
NEURAL COMPUTING & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Jiayi Shen, Xinyi Wang, Qian Chen, Zhaoyi Ye, Qiaoling Gao, Jiawang Chen
Summary: The laboratory miniature vane shear test (MVST) is widely used to measure the undrained shear strength of marine sediments, but transferring soil samples from the seabed to the laboratory can reduce soil strength by releasing in situ confining stress. In this study, a Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) approach in ABAQUS is used to model the three-dimensional standard and miniature vane shear tests, and estimate the undrained shear strength of sensitive clay under different stress conditions. A linear strength model is proposed based on the numerical simulation results, which considers both the effects of confining stress and eliminates the size effects caused by vane blades of MVST. This model can be used to estimate the undrained shear strength of sensitive clay under shallow seabed surfaces.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lu Wang, Hongfei Zheng, Qian Chen, Rihui Jin, Kim Choon Ng
Summary: In this study, the thermodynamic performance of the interfacial solar still under different structures and operating conditions was experimentally studied, providing an optimization direction for strengthening the distillation process. The results showed that the interfacial still could obtain maximum evaporation heat under the vertical operation condition. It was also found that a narrower interlayer spacing and a larger evaporation temperature could bring a higher equivalent heat transfer rate and evaporation efficiency. In a sunny weather, the interfacial solar still coupled with an extended condenser can reach a 4.81 kg/m2/day water yield and a 0.486 daily gained output ratio under 1 cm interlayer spacing.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qingsong Ye, Deyuan Zheng, Kaiyuan Chen, Jinhui Wu
Summary: Ischemia or hypoxia can cause pathological changes in tissue metabolism and function, leading to various diseases. Timely and effective blood resuscitation or improvement of hypoxia is crucial for disease treatment. However, the development of stable, non-toxic, and immunologically inert oxygen carriers is necessary due to limitations such as blood shortages and the risk of infections. Hemoglobin and perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers have been widely studied, and this paper reviews their development and applications as blood substitutes or oxygen carriers in hypoxic diseases. The design of oxygen carriers, their characteristics, and future research prospects are also discussed to provide a reference for further studies.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wei Yin, Mingyu Li, Yan Hu, Shijie Feng, Xiaolei Zhang, Huai Wang, Qian Chen, Chao Zuo
Summary: A speckle structured-light-based 3D imaging technique and sensor design method using a VCSEL projection array is proposed in this study. The technique integrates three miniaturized speckle projection modules to project a set of speckle patterns with different spatial positions, efficiently encoding the depth information of the measured scene. A coarse-to-fine spatial-temporal speckle correlation algorithm is also proposed to improve measurement accuracy and reconstruct complex object shapes. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed 3D structured-light sensor can achieve high-precision 3D measurements at a long distance and over a large field of view, making it suitable for industrial applications such as part sorting and robot stacking.
LASER & OPTOELECTRONICS PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Li Yan, Wu Miao, He Weiji, Chen Qian
Summary: Single photon lidar is widely used to obtain depth and intensity information of 3D scenes. However, a single photon lidar depth estimation technique for complex scenes is proposed due to the establishment of a Poisson distribution model and the minimization of the cost function. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method enhances the reconstruction signal-to-noise ratio of the estimated depth image by at least 15% compared with other methods, and improves the quality of depth images in complex scenes at a distance and increases the robustness to a low photon level.
LASER & OPTOELECTRONICS PROGRESS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Qian Chen, Yulin Wu, Xuan Wang, Zoe L. Jiang, Weizhe Zhang, Yang Liu, Mamoun Alazab
Summary: This article proposes a generic post-quantum platform named PyHENet, which combines cryptography with plaintext deep learning libraries. The platform optimizes the convolution, activation, and pooling functions and completes the ciphertext operation under floating point numbers for the first time. The experimental results show that PyHENet is closer to the plaintext inference platform and achieves satisfactory robustness, with an accuracy rate of 95.05% in the high-resolution NaSC-TG2 database.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Haiheng Xu, Shuqin Xiong, Yiyun Chen, Qingsong Ye, Nan Guan, Yiqiao Hu, Jinhui Wu
Summary: This study found that inducing tumor hemorrhage using tumor-targeting bacteria can temporarily change the phenotype of macrophages, potentially improving the effectiveness of antitumor therapy.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Qian Chen, Xianyang Dai, Xiangjin Song, Guohai Liu
Summary: This article proposes a multiscale convolutional residual neural network algorithm with attention mechanisms for early interturn short circuit (ITSC) fault diagnosis of five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors (FPPMSMs). The proposed method highlights fault features using a multiscale convolutional neural network with channel attention, improves feature learning performance with a spatial attention residual module, and reduces reliance on manually set parameters using a self-attention structure to enhance the interpretability of the network model. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method compared to four other methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Meiling Zhao, Zhengmeng Liu, Qian Chen, Guohai Liu, Xuhui Zhu, Christopher H. T. Lee
Summary: A new frequency adaptive disturbance observer with band-pass filter characteristics is proposed in this article to improve the estimation accuracy of motor drives. The observer is insensitive to dc bias and high-frequency noise, and it can amplify the amplitude of the estimated active flux, improving the robustness and operating range of the system.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jie Ding, Zhengmeng Liu, Qian Chen, Guohai Liu, Gaohong Xu
Summary: This paper investigates the PM eddy current loss in a spoke-type flux-modulation machine with inverted T-shaped permanent magnets. The study proposes a new rotor structure with flux barriers to suppress the PM eddy current loss while ensuring torque performance. The findings indicate that reducing non-working harmonics can effectively suppress the PM eddy current loss.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lin-Lin Luo, Jie Xu, Bing-Qiao Wang, Chen Chen, Xi Chen, Qiu-Mei Hu, Yu-Qiu Wang, Wan-Yun Zhang, Wan-Xiang Jiang, Xin-Ting Li, Hu Zhou, Xiao Xiao, Kai Zhao, Sen Lin
Summary: A novel AAV serotype, AAVYC5, introduced in this study, showed more efficient transduction into multiple retinal layers compared to AAV2, and enabled successful delivery of anti-angiogenic molecules in mice and non-human primates.
