Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chao Mei, Weijing Gong, Xu Wang, Yongning Lv, Yu Zhang, Sanlan Wu, Chunqi Zhu
Summary: Ovarian cancer is the most fatal disease among gynecologic malignant tumors. Tumor angiogenesis, regulated by multiple factors and pathways, plays a vital role in the development and progression of cancer. However, the efficacy of anti-angiogenic therapy is limited by low response rates and emerging drug resistance. This review focuses on the mechanisms, clinical trial outcomes, resistance mechanisms, biomarkers, and predictive models of anti-angiogenic therapy in ovarian cancer, providing insights into the prospect of precision medicine.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Liuxiang Chen, Liansong Ye, Bing Hu
Summary: This article discusses the molecular basis and prevention strategies for hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes, including familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) and Lynch syndrome (LS). The development of molecular genetics has enhanced the study of cancer predisposing genes, which can help identify and guide the prevention and treatment of CRC.
Review
Oncology
Hui Hua, Hongying Zhang, Jingzhu Chen, Jiao Wang, Jieya Liu, Yangfu Jiang
Summary: Biomarkers-guided precision therapeutics has revolutionized the clinical development and administration of molecular-targeted anticancer agents. Tailored precision cancer therapy exhibits better response rate compared to unselective treatment. Protein kinases have critical roles in cell signaling, metabolism, proliferation, survival and migration. Aberrant activation of protein kinases is critical for tumor growth and progression. Consequently, protein kinases are key targets for molecular targeted cancer therapy. The serine/threonine kinase Akt is frequently activated in various types of cancer. Activation of Akt promotes tumor progression and drug resistance. Since the first Akt inhibitor was reported in 2000, many Akt inhibitors have been developed and evaluated in either early or late stage of clinical trials, which take advantage of liquid biopsy and genomic or molecular profiling to realize personalized cancer therapy. Two inhibitors, capivasertib and ipatasertib, are being tested in phase III clinical trials for cancer therapy. This article highlights recent progress of Akt signaling pathway, reviews the up-to-date data from clinical studies of Akt inhibitors and discusses the potential biomarkers that may help personalized treatment of cancer with Akt inhibitors. Additionally, it also discusses how Akt may confer the vulnerability of cancer cells to some kinds of anticancer agents.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Brittany C. McGill, Claire E. Wakefield, Katherine M. Tucker, Rebecca A. Daly, Mark W. Donoghoe, Janine Vetsch, Meera Warby, Noemi A. Fuentes-Bolanos, Kristine Barlow-Stewart, Judy Kirk, Eliza Courtney, Tracey A. O'Brien, Glenn M. Marshall, Mark Pinese, Mark J. Cowley, Vanessa Tyrrell, Rebecca J. Deyell, David S. Ziegler, Kate Hetherington
Summary: In childhood cancer precision medicine trials, more than 10% of children may have pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in cancer predisposition genes identified through germline genome sequencing. These findings can greatly impact diagnosis, treatment, and the future cancer risk for both the child and their family. Understanding parents' perspectives on this sequencing is crucial for its successful implementation in clinical settings.
Review
Oncology
Rille Pihlak, Caroline Fong, Naureen Starling
Summary: Stomach cancer is an aggressive disease with poor survival outcomes, but in the past two decades, clinical research has made significant progress in understanding targets and potential targeted treatments for advanced stomach cancer. This article summarizes the recent advancements in targeted therapies and precision medicine in gastric cancer and discusses new potential treatments.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Maheetha Bharadwaj, Mounica Vallurupalli, Franklin W. Huang
Summary: The article calls for improving access to precision oncology therapies in lower- and middle-income countries, highlighting lack of diagnostic ability, trained providers, and drug availability as significant barriers to cancer care delivery. It draws upon lessons from international efforts in oncology and infectious disease to make this urgent call to action.
Review
Oncology
Nayeralsadat Fatemi, Sascha Tierling, Hamidreza Aboulkheyr Es, Maryam Varkiani, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini Mojarad, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Joern Walter, Mehdi Totonchi
Summary: Colorectal cancer, the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is closely associated with epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation. Studies have shown that DNA methylation markers have high accuracy and reproducibility in noninvasive biosamples, making them promising for early diagnosis and personalized treatment of CRC. Further research and development of methylation biomarkers and detection methods are crucial for CRC diagnosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Adlina Roslan, Nurshahira Sulaiman, Khairul Asri Mohd Ghani, Armania Nurdin
Summary: This review discusses the studies on membrane proteins as potential biomarkers for personalized medicine, describing their types and significant functions as potential biomarkers for future medicine.
Article
Oncology
Karin P. S. Langenberg, Michael T. Meister, Jette J. Bakhuizen, Judith M. Boer, Natasha K. A. van Eijkelenburg, Esther Hulleman, Uri Ilan, Eleonora J. Looze, Miranda P. Dierselhuis, Jasper van der Lugt, Willemijn Breunis, Linda G. Schild, Kimberley Ober, Sander R. van Hooff, Marijn A. Scheijde-Vermeulen, Laura S. Hiemcke-Jiwa, Uta E. Flucke, Mariette E. G. Kranendonk, Pieter Wesseling, Edwin Sonneveld, Simone Punt, Arjan Boltjes, Freerk van Dijk, Eugene T. P. Verwiel, Richard Volckmann, Jayne Y. Hehir-Kwa, Lennart A. Kester, Marco M. J. Koudijs, Esme Waanders, Frank C. P. Holstege, H. Josef Vormoor, Eelco W. Hoving, Max M. van Noesel, Rob Pieters, Marcel Kool, Miriam Stumpf, Mirjam Blattner-Johnson, Gnana P. Balasubramanian, Cornelis M. Van Tilburg, Barbara C. Jones, David T. W. Jones, Olaf Witt, Stefan M. Pfister, Marjolijn C. J. Jongmans, Roland P. Kuiper, Ronald R. de Krijger, Marc H. W. Wijnen, Monique L. den Boer, C. Michel Zwaan, Patrick Kemmeren, Jan Koster, Bastiaan B. J. Tops, Bianca F. Goemans, Jan J. Molenaar
Summary: iTHER is a Dutch precision oncology program that aims to define tumor molecular profiles in children and adolescents with high-risk pediatric tumors. Through comprehensive molecular profiling, the program identifies somatic alterations and germline pathogenic variants, which provide valuable diagnostic, prognostic, and targetable information. The program has led to the revision or refinement of diagnosis in some patients and highlights the importance of sequential analyses to capture temporal heterogeneity. However, the application of targeted therapies is limited by factors such as poor performance status and limited access to drugs within clinical trials. Overall, iTHER demonstrates the feasibility and importance of comprehensive molecular profiling in pediatric cancers.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Swarnalakshmi Raman, Daisuke Ikutame, Kazuo Okura, Yoshizo Matsuka
Summary: Orofacial pain (OFP) is a dental specialty that focuses on diagnosing, managing, and treating disorders affecting the jaw, mouth, face, head, and neck. Effective treatment of OFP requires evidence-based understanding due to the multifactorial nature of these conditions. Treating OFP successfully is crucial as it significantly impacts the quality of life of affected individuals. Precision medicine, which utilizes a patient's genetic profile, shows promise in revolutionizing the management of chronic untreatable pain conditions.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Bianca Tesi, Catherine Boileau, Kym M. Boycott, Guillaume Canaud, Mark Caulfield, Daniela Choukair, Sue Hill, Malte Spielmann, Anna Wedell, Valtteri Wirta, Ann Nordgren, Anna Lindstrand
Summary: Molecular diagnostics plays a crucial role in tailoring individual treatment and care based on molecular data. Genome sequencing (GS) is emerging as the primary method for precision diagnostics in rare diseases, due to its improved diagnostic yield and ability to detect a broad range of genetic aberrations. By integrating precision medicine into clinical practice, GS can accelerate targeted drug development and improve patient management in rare diseases.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Meng Qiu, Yanhong Duo, Weiyuan Liang, Yunlong Yang, Bin Zhang, Zhongjian Xie, Xiaoli Yang, Guiqing Wang, Ni Xie, Guohui Nie, Omar A. Alhartomy, Ahmed A. ALGhamdi, Swelm Wageh, Yihai Cao, Han Zhang
Summary: Most anticancer drugs are distributed unevenly in tumors, leading to severe adverse effects; Nanopoxia technology releases therapeutic agents based on tumor hypoxia, achieving precision cancer therapy; This approach demonstrates high efficacy in preclinical cancer models.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Yajing Liu, Yanbing Zhou, Pu Chen
Summary: Lung cancer is a highly prevalent and deadly malignancy that requires personalized treatment strategies. Lung cancer organoids (LCOs) have the potential to faithfully replicate tumor characteristics and heterogeneity, providing a promising platform for anti-tumor drug discovery. Additionally, LCOs can enhance current precision medicine for lung cancer and overcome the limitations of current approaches.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Patrycja Aleksandra Buklaho, Joanna Kisluk, Jacek Niklinski
Summary: Due to the increasing incidences and deaths from ovarian cancer, it has become a challenge for modern healthcare. The advent of NGS technology has allowed for better understanding of the molecular characteristics of ovarian cancer and the development of targeted therapies.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alina Nicheperovich, Andrea Townsend-Nicholson
Summary: This review suggests that detection of Smo variants through tumor profiling could lead to increased precision and improved outcomes of anti-cancer treatments.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Linda A. J. Hendricks, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Arjen R. Mensenkamp, Joan Brunet, Roser Lleuger-Pujol, Hildegunn Hoberg-Vetti, Marianne Tveit Haavind, Giovanni Innella, Daniela Turchetti, Stefan Aretz, Isabel Spier, Marc Tischkowitz, Arne Jahn, Thera P. Links, Maran J. W. Olderode-Berends, Ana Blatnik, Edward M. Leter, D. Gareth Evans, Emma R. Woodward, Verena Steinke-Lange, Violetta C. Anastasiadou, Chrystelle Colas, Marie-Charlotte Villy, Patrick R. Benusiglio, Anna Gerasimenko, Valeria Barili, Maud Branchaud, Claude Houdayer, Bianca Tesi, M. Omer Yazicioglu, Rachel S. van der Post, Janneke H. M. Schuurs-Hoeijmakers, Janet R. Vos, Liselotte P. van Hest, Muriel A. Adank, Floor Duijkers, Maartje Nielsen, Katja C. J. Verbeek, Yvette van Ierland, Jacques C. Giltay
Summary: PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome (PHTS) is a rare syndrome with a broad phenotypic spectrum, including increased risks of breast, endometrial, and thyroid cancer. This study aimed to provide more accurate and personalized cancer risks. The results showed that PHTS patients, especially females, have a significantly higher risk of breast, endometrial, and thyroid cancer.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Sebastian Boldt, Batu Guneysu
Summary: This article presents a Feynman-Kac type formula for a differential operator, generalized to orders <= 1. The resulting formula provides a probabilistic representation of the equivariant Chern character of a Riemannian spin manifold.
STOCHASTICS AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS-ANALYSIS AND COMPUTATIONS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yvonne Reiss, Sebastian Bauer, Bastian David, Kavi Devraj, Elif Fidan, Elke Hattingen, Stefan Liebner, Nico Melzer, Sven G. Meuth, Felix Rosenow, Theodor Rueber, Laurent M. Willems, Karl H. Plate
Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a crucial physiological barrier that maintains the brain microenvironment necessary for proper neuronal function. Dysfunction of the BBB is a characteristic of neurological diseases including ischemia, brain tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, infections, and autoimmune neuroinflammatory disorders. Additionally, BBB dysfunction is involved in epilepsy, a brain disorder characterized by synchronized neuronal activity and seizures. While antiseizure drugs targeting neuronal hyperexcitability are not always effective, drugs specifically targeting the neurovasculature in epilepsy patients have not been explored. Understanding the mechanism of BBB compromise in epilepsy is important for its therapeutic potential.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Arash Mehrjou, Ashkan Soleymani, Amin Abyaneh, Samir Bhatt, Bernhard Schoelkopf, Stefan Bauer
Summary: Pyfectious is an agent-based simulator that provides an environment for reinforcement learning agents to discover novel agent-based policies for epidemic control. It introduces several unprecedented novelties in the field of epidemiology simulation, including a probabilistic assignment method for population structure construction and a multi-resolution disease propagation algorithm. The simulator's control components are designed to allow the discovery of effective policies through advanced RL methods. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate Pyfectious' capabilities and its use in RL for epidemic control policy discovery.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mario Mech, Andre Ehrlich, Andreas Herber, Christof Lupkes, Manfred Wendisch, Sebastian Becker, Yvonne Boose, Dmitry Chechin, Susanne Crewell, Regis Dupuy, Christophe Gourbeyre, Joerg Hartmann, Evelyn Jakel, Olivier Jourdan, Leif-Leonard Kliesch, Marcus Klingebiel, Birte Solveig Kulla, Guillaume Mioche, Manuel Moser, Nils Risse, Elena Ruiz-Donoso, Michael Schafer, Johannes Stapf, Christiane Voigt
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Franziska Spruner von Mertz, Ricardo Molenda, Sebastian Boldt, Alexander Villinger, Peter Ehlers, Peter Langer
Summary: A series of previously unknown 5,14-diphenylbenzo[j]naphtho[2,1,8-def][2,7]phenanthrolines, incorporating a 5-azatetracene and a 2-azapyrene subunit, were successfully synthesized using Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions and a one-pot Povarov/cycloisomerization reaction. This synthetic approach enables extensive diversification of the heterocyclic core structure. The optical and electrochemical properties of these compounds were investigated through experimental and computational studies, revealing their closer electronic and optical resemblance to 2-azapyrenes rather than the typical characteristics of 5-azatetracene moieties.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Heikki Joensuu, Eva Wardelmann, Mikael Eriksson, Annette Reichardt, Kirsten Sundby Hall, Jochen Schuette, Silke Cameron, Peter Hohenberger, Harri Sihto, Philipp J. Jost, Lars H. Lindner, Sebastian Bauer, Bengt Nilsson, Raija Kallio, Tommi Pesonen, Peter Reichardt
Summary: This study found that patients with KIT exon 11 deletion/indel mutation in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) had longer overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) when treated with 3 years of adjuvant imatinib compared to 1 year of treatment. However, patients with KIT exon 9 mutation had poor OS regardless of the duration of adjuvant imatinib treatment.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Julia Wuertemberger, Tim Ripperger, Christian Vokuhl, Sebastian Bauer, Irene Teichert-von Luettichau, Eva Wardelmann, Charlotte M. Niemeyer, Christian P. Kratz, Brigitte Schlegelberger, Simone Hettmer
Summary: Participation in surveillance programs can lead to early tumor detection, early treatment initiation, and improved outcomes for soft tissue sarcoma patients. Germline variants in cancer predisposition genes were detected in 7-33% of children, adolescents, and adults with soft tissue sarcomas, with TP53, NF1, and BRCA1/2 being the most frequently affected genes. This review discusses the associations between soft tissue sarcomas and germline variants in cancer predisposition genes, as well as the recommendations for diagnostic germline genetic testing, emphasizing the importance of considering the impact on the whole family.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Nashita Patel, Shibani Pokras, Jane Ferma, Vicky Casey, Fil Manuguid, Ken Culver, Sebastian Bauer
Summary: The study aims to describe the treatment patterns, outcomes by line of treatment, and healthcare resource utilization in patients with metastatic synovial sarcoma (mSS). Results show that 86.1% of the patients received first-line treatment, 38.9% received second-line treatment, and 8.4% received third-line or more treatment. The common regimens were doxorubicin/ifosfamide-based for first-line and trabectedin-based for second-line.
Article
Oncology
Sebastian Bauer, James Larkin, F. Stephen Hodi, Frank Stephen, Ellen H. W. Kapiteijn, Gary K. K. Schwartz, Emilano Calvo, Padmaja Yerramilli-Rao, Sophie Piperno-Neumann, Richard D. D. Carvajal
Summary: The combination of PKC inhibitor sotrastaurin and MEK inhibitor binimetinib causes substantial gastrointestinal toxicity in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma, but stable disease is observed in a significant proportion of patients.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
J. -y. Blay, M. von Mehren, R. L. Jones, J. Martin-Broto, S. Stacchiotti, S. Bauer, H. Gelderblom, D. Orbach, N. Hindi, A. Dei Tos, M. Nathenson
Summary: Synovial sarcoma is a rare and aggressive disease, accounting for 5%-10% of all soft tissue sarcomas. Diagnosis is often challenging, but referral to a specialist center is crucial for optimal outcomes. Treatment strategies for localized disease include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, while advanced disease has a poor prognosis and requires novel management strategies such as targeted agents and immunotherapies.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rainer Hamacher, Helena Lanzafame, Ilektra A. Mavroeidi, Kim M. Pabst, Lukas Kessler, Phyllis F. Cheung, Sebastian Bauer, Ken Herrmann, Hans-Ulrich Schildhaus, Jens T. Siveke, Wolfgang P. Fendler
Summary: The heterogenous disease of sarcoma provides unique opportunities for FAPI theranostics. Studies have shown high uptake of the ligand 68Ga-FAPI on PET scans and high expression on both tumor-associated fibroblasts and tumor cells themselves. Case reports and series have demonstrated the feasibility, safety, and initial efficacy of FAPI RLT in sarcoma and other cancers. Further investigations are needed to systematically and prospectively address the role of FAPI in sarcoma.
Article
Cell Biology
Alexander A. Wurm, Silke Brilloff, Sofia Kolovich, Silvia Schaefer, Elahe Rahimian, Vida Kufrin, Marius Bill, Zunamys I. Carrero, Stephan Drukewitz, Alexander Krueger, Melanie Huether, Sebastian Uhrig, Sandra Oster, Dana Westphal, Friedegund Meier, Katrin Pfutze, Daniel Huebschmann, Peter Horak, Simon Kreutzfeldt, Daniela Richter, Evelin Schroeck, Gustavo Baretton, Christoph Heining, Lino Moehrmann, Stefan Froehling, Claudia R. Ball, Hanno Glimm
Summary: In this study, we investigate the impact of pathway activation on miRNA expression patterns using small RNA sequencing. We discover that miRNAs capable of inhibiting key members of activated pathways are frequently diminished. Based on this observation, we develop an approach to identify druggable target genes in cancer by integrating a low-miRNA-expression signature. We validate our approach in colorectal cancer cells and diverse cancer models and demonstrate its additional value in supporting drug prediction strategies.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
R. Patrick Xian, Vincent Stimper, Marios Zacharias, Maciej Dendzik, Shuo Dong, Samuel Beaulieu, Bernhard Scholkopf, Martin Wolf, Laurenz Rettig, Christian Carbogno, Stefan Bauer, Ralph Ernstorfer
Summary: The electronic band structure and crystal structure are two complementary identifiers of solid-state materials. However, extracting quasiparticle dispersion from photoemission band mapping data is currently limited by available computational methods. In this study, we develop a pipeline that utilizes probabilistic machine learning and associated methods for band-structure reconstruction, showing excellent performance on benchmarks and other materials datasets. This approach uncovers previously inaccessible momentum-space structural information while paving the way for integration with materials science databases.
NATURE COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lennart Schardt, Moritz Kaths, Sebastian Bauer
Summary: Summary: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) consist of various molecular subtypes with different treatment implications. Genotyping plays a crucial role in treatment decision-making. Adjuvant imatinib treatment is beneficial for patients with KIT exon 11 mutations and high risk of relapse. Evidence for this benefit is weaker for less frequent KIT genotypes, such as exon 9, 13, and 17 mutations. Neoadjuvant treatment is important in imatinib-sensitive subtypes with significant surgery-related morbidity. Multimodal treatment may be considered for metastatic patients with potential complete resection. Next generation inhibitors like ripretinib and avapritinib show promising results in pretreated GIST and GIST with PDGFRA mutations, but the role of multimodal approaches in these settings is yet to be determined.