Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Wojciech Jarmolowski, Pawel Wielgosz, Xiaodong Ren, Anna Krypiak-Gregorczyk
Summary: This study compares three stochastic interpolation methods from the same geostatistical family and evaluates their advantages and drawbacks in imperfect data conditions, focusing on the treatment of the reference field. The research finds that LSC has an advantage in global detrending scheme in unfavorable conditions such as sparse data, data gaps, and outlier occurrence.
JOURNAL OF GEODESY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Sungsoo Yoon, Youngdae Heo, Chan-Ryul Park, Wanmo Kang
Summary: This study found that landscape variables significantly affect the fluctuation of air pollutant concentration on a regional level while controlling spatial autocorrelation, and local landscape patterns are related to local PM2.5 levels.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhebin Yu, Xinli Mao, Mengling Tang, Yi Chen, Mengyin Wu, Mingjuan Jin, Jianbing Wang, Lei Xu, Guoliang Ye, Jin Ding, Bin Ye, Dongya Chen, Yu Chen, Xia Chen, Xiancang Sheng, Hongzhang Li, Qiang Chen, Xiaosheng Teng, Qiulong Ding, Haideng Yang, Zhe Shen, Kun Chen, Chaohui Yu
Summary: Exposure to PM2.5 is positively associated with peptic ulcer diseases (PUDs), with a stronger effect observed for duodenal ulcers than gastric ulcers. This association remains significant even after adjusting for other air pollutants.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Lavi Rizki Zuhal, Ghifari Adam Faza, Pramudita Satria Palar, Rhea Patricia Liem
Summary: This paper aims to assess the potential of Kriging combined with partial least squares (KPLS) for fast uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis in high-dimensional problems. Results show that KPLS with four principal components is significantly faster than the ordinary Kriging while yielding comparable accuracy in approximating the statistical moments and Sobol indices.
STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
G. Rovere, G. de los Campos, A. L. Lock, L. Worden, A. Vazquez, K. Lee, R. J. Tempelman
Summary: Through analyzing a large number of milk samples, the study found that Bayesian regression methods outperformed partial least squares in predicting milk fatty acids, and identified spectral regions associated with fatty acids as well as the impact of carbon number and unsaturation level on the strength of associations.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ruoyu Tang, Xinyu He, Ruiqi Wang
Summary: The study presents a general computational method for constructing maps between different cell fates and parametric conditions by systematic perturbations. The method does not require accurate parameter measurements or bifurcations. The maps obtained can help in understanding how systematic perturbations drive cell fate decisions and transitions, providing valuable information for predicting and controlling cell states.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Lavi Rizki Zuhal, Ghifari Adam Faza, Pramudita Satria Palar, Rhea Patricia Liem
Summary: This study assesses the potential benefits of using KPLS for high-dimensional reliability analysis problems, finding that KPLS with four principal components significantly reduces CPU time compared to ordinary Kriging while still accurately estimating failure probability. In some cases, it was also observed that KPLS with four principal components reduces the number of function evaluations, which is beneficial for problems with expensive function evaluations.
RELIABILITY ENGINEERING & SYSTEM SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Optics
Zhenyu Li, Hui Zhang, Binh Thi Thanh Nguyen, Shaobo Luo, Patricia Yang Liu, Jun Zou, Yuzhi Shi, Hong Cai, Zhenchuan Yang, Yufeng Jin, Yilong Hao, Yi Zhang, Ai-Qun Liu
Summary: The smart sensor achieves label-free multicomponent chemical analysis with a high prediction accuracy and simple detection strategy using a label-free ring resonator and neural network model, promising great potential for applications in various fields.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Yushan Liu, Luyi Li, Sihan Zhao
Summary: This paper combines Kriging and PLS to develop a global surrogate model for high-dimensional structural systems, named as PLS-K. In the proposed method, PLS is employed to identify the input-output principal components, wherein Kriging model is used to establish the relationship between each pair of principal components.
MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
S. Joe Qin, Yiren Liu, Shiqin Tang
Summary: In this article, the relationship between partial least squares (PLS) and other regularized regression algorithms such as Lasso and ridge regression is explored. A steepest descent alternative to the PLS algorithm is also considered. The emphasis is placed on PLS latent variable analysis and its connections to conjugate gradient, Krylov space, and matrix pseudo-inverse using existing literature. Comparison of PLS with Lasso and ridge regression is conducted in terms of different resolutions along the regularization paths, providing insights into why PLS may not always outperform the other algorithms. A steepest descent PLS is proposed as a regularized regression alternative and evaluated against other algorithms through simulations and an industrial case study.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Li Chen, Shuang Liang, Xiaoli Li, Jian Mao, Shuang Gao, Hui Zhang, Yanling Sun, Sverre Vedal, Zhipeng Bai, Zhenxing Ma, Haiyu, Merched Azzi
Summary: By integrating land use regression with Bayesian maximum entropy and incorporating national area variability LUR model and incomplete O-3 monitoring data, a hybrid LUR/BME model was developed for accurate predictions of O3 concentrations in mainland China with high spatio-temporal resolution.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emeline Lequy, Caroline Meyer, Danielle Vienneau, Claudine Berr, Marcel Goldberg, Marie Zins, Sebastien Leblond, Kees de Hoogh, Benedicte Jacquemin
Summary: Despite the potential health risks, the exposure of the general population to airborne metals has been poorly estimated. This study adapted passive moss biomonitoring to urban areas to develop fine concentration maps for several metals. The results showed that moss biomonitoring in cemeteries proves efficient for obtaining airborne metal exposures in urban areas for the most common metals.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xichi Zhang, Anke Huels, Robert Makuch, Aifen Zhou, Tao Zheng, Wei Xia, Audrey Gaskins, Jad Makuch, Zhou Zhu, Cairong Zhu, Zhengmin Qian, Shunqing Xu, Yuanyuan Li
Summary: This study found that higher ambient PM2.5 exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy was significantly associated with decreased maternal serum FT4 concentrations and FT4/FT3 ratio, while there was no significant association between PM10 exposure and maternal thyroid function. Further studies in populations with different exposure levels are needed to validate these findings.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
James Cant, Pol Capdevila, Maria Beger, Roberto Salguero-Gomez
Summary: We tested 2242 populations of 369 animal and plant species and found that recent environmental stochasticity does not predict the resistance and recovery potential of natural populations. Instead, phylogenetic relatedness and developmental investments are strong predictors of demographic resilience.
Article
Forestry
Michael S. Watt, David J. Palmer, Ellen Mae C. Leonardo, Maxime Bombrun
Summary: Site productivity indices have been widely used to describe age-normalized height and volume of forest species. In this study, a variety of modeling methods were used to predict Site Index and 300 Index for Pinus radiata D. Don, with non-parametric models like eXtreme Gradient Boosting and random forest outperforming parametric and geospatial models. The use of regression kriging improved prediction accuracy, especially for parametric models, and an ensemble model combining predictions from random forest, XGBoost, and regression model provided the most precise predictions for both Site Index and 300 Index.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ching-Hsuan Huang, Jianbang Xiang, Elena Austin, Jeff Shirai, Yisi Liu, Christopher Simpson, Catherine J. Karr, Amber L. Fyfe-Johnson, Thomas Kronborg Larsen, Edmund Seto
Summary: The study suggests that using auto-mode portable air cleaners can significantly reduce indoor PM2.5 levels in households, especially during cooking events, making it a practical and effective method for indoor air quality improvement.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jianbang Xiang, Ching-Hsuan Huang, Elena Austin, Jeff Shirai, Yisi Liu, Edmund Seto
Summary: This study compared the energy consumption of PACs in auto and adjustable modes, finding that the power consumption under auto mode was approximately 3% higher than that under adjustable mode after adjusting for indoor PM2.5, temperature, and RH levels. Therefore, the selection of PAC operation modes in residential environments needs to be considered comprehensively.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yisi Liu, Elena Austin, Jianbang Xiang, Tim Gould, Tim Larson, Edmund Seto
Summary: The study aimed to estimate the impacts of increased PM2.5 concentrations due to 2020 wildfires in Washington on population health, showing a significant increase in all-cause mortality and respiratory mortality cases attributed to the elevated PM2.5 concentrations from wildfire smoke.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jianbang Xiang, Jiayuan Hao, Elena Austin, Jeff Shirai, Edmund Seto
Summary: This study assessed the dispersion of cooking-related PM2.5 in a naturally-ventilated apartment in the US, finding that opening kitchen windows and using a portable air cleaner could substantially reduce indoor PM2.5 levels, with better efficacy when the PAC was placed in the kitchen.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christopher Zuidema, Elena Austin, Martin A. Cohen, Edward Kasner, Lilian Liu, Tania Busch Isaksen, Ken-Yu Lin, June Spector, Edmund Seto
Summary: Driven by climate change, wildfires in the Western United States are becoming more frequent, longer-lasting, and more intense, leading to increased exposure to wildfire smoke among outdoor workers. Washington has implemented an emergency rule and is working on a permanent rule to protect outdoor workers from this exposure. However, there is a lack of knowledge about wildfire smoke exposure among construction workers, who make up a significant portion of outdoor workers in Washington.
ANNALS OF WORK EXPOSURES AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nicholas G. Davey, Larissa C. Richards, Jonathan Davidson, Trevor Michalchuk, Christopher G. Gill, Erik T. Krogh, Christopher D. Simpson
Summary: This study reports the concentrations of diacetyl and 2,3-pentanedione in the indoor air of small coffee roasteries and breweries using different detection methods. The results show that the concentrations of these compounds are higher in coffee roasteries and may exceed health protective guidelines. Engineering controls should be implemented to protect workers from the hazards of these compounds.
ANNALS OF WORK EXPOSURES AND HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Magali N. Blanco, Amanda Gassett, Timothy Gould, Annie Doubleday, David L. Slager, Elena Austin, Edmund Seto, Timothy Larson, Julian D. Marshall, Lianne Sheppard
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) has adverse health effects. This study designed an innovative and extensive mobile monitoring campaign to characterize TRAP exposure levels for the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study in Seattle. The results showed that the campaign effectively captured the spatial variations of air pollutants, which were explained by land use features related to traffic.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiayang He, Ching-Hsuan Huang, Nanhsun Yuan, Elena Austin, Edmund Seto, Igor Novosselov
Summary: The increased frequency of wildfires in the Western United States has raised concerns about the impact of wildfire smoke on air quality and human health. This study demonstrates the use of low-cost sensors to gather high-resolution indoor and outdoor PM2.5 data during a wildfire event in Seattle. The findings suggest that locations with air filtration systems have lower PM2.5 levels and personal exposure varies in different microenvironments.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Magali N. Blanco, Annie Doubleday, Elena Austin, Julian D. Marshall, Edmund Seto, Timothy Larson, Lianne Sheppard
Summary: In this study, different short-term monitoring designs were compared to understand their impact on exposure surfaces. It was found that a temporally-balanced sampling design is crucial for assessing long-term exposure.
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
John C. Flunker, Christopher Zuidema, Jihoon Jung, Edward Kasner, Martin Cohen, Edmund Seto, Elena Austin, June T. Spector
Summary: This study evaluated the spatiotemporal variability of heat threshold exceedances for crop and construction workers in Washington State. It found that Central WA counties experienced the highest temperatures exceedances, with crop employment contributing the most to the total number of employment days with exceedances.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nancy Carmona, Edmund Seto, Timothy R. Gould, Everetta Rasyid, Jeffry H. Shirai, B. J. Cummings, Lisa Hayward, Timothy Larson, Elena Austin
Summary: The Healthy Air, Healthy Schools Study aimed to understand the impact of ultrafine particles on indoor air quality in communities near Seattle-Tacoma International Airport. By measuring indoor and outdoor air pollution in schools and using portable HEPA filters for intervention, the study demonstrated the effectiveness of reducing indoor UFP exposure to improve classroom air quality.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Magali N. Blanco, Jianzhao Bi, Elena Austin, Timothy V. Larson, Julian D. Marshall, Lianne Sheppard
Summary: Short-term mobile monitoring campaigns are increasingly used in epidemiology to evaluate long-term air pollution exposure. However, the impact of monitoring network design features on exposure assessment models is not well understood. This study utilized an extensive mobile monitoring campaign in the greater Seattle area to investigate the influence of the number of stops and sampling temporality on exposure assessment models. The findings highlight the importance of carefully considering monitoring designs for mobile monitoring campaigns aiming to assess long-term exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Annie Doubleday, Magali N. N. Blanco, Elena Austin, Julian D. D. Marshall, Timothy V. V. Larson, Lianne Sheppard
Summary: Mobile monitoring is increasingly used to assess exposure to traffic-related air pollutants, but it may not represent residential exposures commonly used for epidemiologic studies. This study developed an approach to adjust mobile measurements and compared them to stationary measurements. The results showed that after adjustment, mobile measurements were more representative of cohort locations and provided more spatial variation. It is recommended to correct mobile measurements for accurate exposure predictions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maximilian J. Chmielinski, Patricia O. Ehrlich, Martin Cohen, Tania M. Busch Isaksen, Christopher D. Simpson
Summary: Cannabis cultivation and processing is a growing industry in the US and Canada, employing over 400,000 workers. This study assessed worker exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in five cannabis production facilities in Washington State and found that 30% of work shifts exceeded safety limits. It is recommended that employers choose low UVR emitting lamps for indoor operations and implement engineering controls to protect workers from UVR exposure.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Claire Schollaert, Elena Austin, Edmund Seto, June Spector, Scott Waller, Edward Kasner
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a low-cost smoke sampling platform in a rural agricultural region in central Washington state. The results showed reasonable agreement between the Thingy AQ platform and the nephelometer and E-BAM measurements. However, occupational gravimetric sampling methods did not correlate with PM2.5 data collected during smoke periods.
JOURNAL OF AGROMEDICINE
(2023)