Journal
ACS ENERGY LETTERS
Volume 7, Issue 9, Pages 2919-2926Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01521
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Funding
- Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology - Korean government [Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (MOTIE)] [P0012748]
- Technology Innovation Program - MOTIE (Korea) [20012330]
- MOTIE (Korea)
- Korea Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology (KEIT) [20012330] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- Ministry of Health & Welfare (MOHW), Republic of Korea [P0012748] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Single-crystalline NCM cathodes are effective in countering interparticle cracking, but high nickel content SC cathodes may experience internal strain and microscopic cracking during the charging process.
Single-crystalline (SC) Li[Ni1-x-yCoxMny]O2 (NCM) cathodes are an effective solution for countering the interparticle cracking of Ni-rich NCM cathodes with Ni < 80%. Transmission electron microscopy analysis indicates that no irreversible structural damage is observed when the SC-Li[Ni0.7Co0.15Mn0.15]O2 NCM cathode is charged to 4.3 V. However, in the charged SCLi[Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05]O2 cathode the internal strain generated by the H2 -> H3 transition is aggravated by the slow migration rate of Li ions, which produced nonuniform Li distributions and structural inhomogeneities. The charged SC-Li[Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05]O2 cathode experiences intraparticle cracking at a microscopic scale, and submicroscopic cracks appear at the boundaries among multiple phases present in the charged state even after the first charge. We suggest that a slow rate of Li extraction or particle size reduction would ameliorate the structural defects at the end of charging and improve the cycling stability for Ni-rich SClayered cathodes Ni > 90%.
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