Article
Clinical Neurology
Bernice J. A. Gulpers, Frans R. J. Verhey, Simone J. P. M. Eussen, Miranda T. Schram, Bastiaan E. de Galan, Martin P. J. van Boxtel, Coen D. A. Stehouwer, S. Kohler
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between individual anxiety disorders, generalized anxiety symptoms, and multiple cognitive domains. The results show that agoraphobia is associated with worse scores on all cognitive domains and higher odds of cognitive impairment. High scores on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) are associated with worse scores on processing speed and higher odds of cognitive impairment. Panic disorder is significantly associated with worse scores on memory tasks. These associations are stronger in younger participants and in those with type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jing Sun, Shaoxia Wang, Guoxia Mu, Jingru Liu, Rina Su, Xiang Zhang, Jianqun Fang, Yanrong Wang
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between latent profiles of adolescent depression-anxiety symptoms and executive function. The findings revealed that depression and anxiety symptoms can be classified into three distinct profile groups, and executive function plays an important role in influencing mental health outcomes in adolescents.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Chloe E. Page, Brianna Soreth, Christina A. Metcalf, Rachel L. Johnson, Korrina A. Duffy, Mary D. Sammel, James Loughead, C. Neill Epperson
Summary: This study investigated whether potential confounders, including natural vs. surgical postmenopause and menopause-related psychological symptoms, influence whether executive dysfunction persists into postmenopause. The results showed that women in the perimenopausal and surgical postmenopausal groups had significantly more difficulties in executive function compared with those in the premenopausal group.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Bret R. Rutherford, C. Jean Choi, Jongwoo Choi, Ben Mass, Xiaofu He, Kaleigh O'Boyle, Joel Sneed, Patrick J. Brown, Adam Brickman, Melanie M. Wall, Steven P. Roose
Summary: This study investigated the impact of slowed processing speed and executive dysfunction on the development of positive treatment expectancies in late-life depression (LLD) patients. The results suggest that slowed processing speed impairs the development of expectancies in antidepressant trials for LLD, which may explain lower antidepressant response among older adults.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Wei Zhao, Tao Wei, Ruidong Zhou, Yujing Wang, Yan Wang, Zixuan Ren, Wenyi Shao, Hanrun Luo, Yiding Zhou, Nuo Chen, Qiao Lu, Xun Song, Ziyao Zhang, Yinnuo Fang, Xinyi Zhang, Dongliang Jiao
Summary: This study in China found that a portion of college students exhibit online game behaviors, and while moderate gaming activities can improve emotional state and executive function, excessive behaviors may harm emotional state and executive function.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Johanna Beckmann, Siphesihle Nqweniso, Sebastian Ludyga, Rosa du Randt, Annelie Gresse, Kurt Z. Long, Madeleine Nienaber, Harald Seelig, Uwe Puehse, Peter Steinmann, Juerg Utzinger, Cheryl Walter, Markus Gerber, Christin Lang
Summary: This study examined the effects of school-based physical activity and multi-micronutrient supplementation on cognitive and academic performance. The results showed improvements in cognitive performance for all intervention groups, but no significant effects on academic achievement. Future research should further explore the optimal design of school-based nutrition and physical activity programs.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
JiaMin Ge, Ya Liu, Wenjing Cao, Shuyin Zhou
Summary: Smartphone addiction is on the rise globally. This study aimed to explore the mediating effect of executive dysfunction in the relationship between negative emotions and smartphone addiction. A survey was conducted among 421 Chinese college students, measuring anxiety, depression, smartphone addiction, and executive dysfunction. The findings showed that anxiety, depression, and executive dysfunction were positively and significantly associated with smartphone addiction. Executive dysfunction mediated the relationship between anxiety and smartphone addiction, while partially mediating the relationship between depression and smartphone addiction. The results emphasize the importance of executive dysfunction in understanding the link between negative emotions and smartphone addiction.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Kjersti T. Hanssen, Erlend J. Brevik, Milada C. Smastuen, Jan Stubberud
Summary: Despite the high prevalence and detrimental consequences of cognitive and executive dysfunction in ADHD, there is limited evidence regarding cognitive remediation in the adult ADHD population. This study examined the effects of a goal-focused intervention on executive functioning and psychological well-being in adults with ADHD. The findings suggest that this intervention can lead to improvements in everyday executive functioning, psychological well-being, and symptoms of anxiety in adults with ADHD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Meilian Xie, Xin Huang, Shan Zhao, Yingtong Chen, Xiuqun Zeng
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of psychological intervention on pelvic floor function and psychological outcomes following hysterectomy among patients with benign indications. The results showed that patients in the intervention group had better psychological condition, stronger pelvic floor function, and lower incidence of postoperative complications.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Josephine Power, Marinus van IJzendoorn, Andrew J. Lewis, Wai Chen, Megan Galbally
Summary: The systematic review and meta-analysis revealed inadequate assessment of maternal depression and unreliable measures of executive function in many studies. However, there was a small yet statistically significant relationship between perinatal depression and child executive function, supporting the hypothesis that maternal depression during the perinatal period impacts offspring's executive function. Future studies should focus on robust measurement of depression and executive function, and consider the chronicity of maternal depression and developmental context for meaningful results.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ying Li, Tiantian Li, Quanling Zhang, Ranran Kan, Lei Cao, Huiyan Kong, Yue Wang
Summary: The outbreak of COVID-19 had a negative impact on adolescents' mental health, especially depression. This study examined the effect of executive function on Chinese adolescents' depression, exploring the relationship between cold and hot executive functions and the role of rumination. The results showed that both cold and hot executive functions negatively predict depression, with rumination as a mediator. Strengthening executive control and training cold execution function can effectively relieve depression in adolescents.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Esther Yuet Ying Lau, Mark Lawrence Wong, Yeuk Ching Lam, Kristy Nga Ting Lau, Ka Fai Chung, Benjamin Rusak
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests a bidirectional relationship between sleep problems and depression, and this study found that improved sleep quality, especially in stage 2 sleep and related physiological factors, may enhance inhibitory control ability in individuals with depressive disorders when processing emotional information.
PSYCHOSOMATIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Elena C. Peterson, Hannah R. Snyder, Chiara Neilson, Benjamin M. Rosenberg, Christina M. Hough, Christina F. Sandman, Leoneh Ohanian, Samantha Garcia, Juliana Kotz, Jamie Finegan, Caitlin A. Ryan, Abena Gyimah, Sophia Sileo, David J. Miklowitz, Naomi P. Friedman, Roselinde H. Kaiser
Summary: Both unipolar and bipolar depression are associated with impairments in executive functioning (EF). The severity of mood symptoms is related to differences in common EF. The deficits in common EF are driven by or reflect general features of mood pathology, which are shared across symptom dimensions, but are also specifically associated with physiological arousal.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michelle H. Chen, Yael Goverover
Summary: This study found that intellectual awareness is impaired in persons with multiple sclerosis, but online awareness is not significantly different. Intellectual awareness is influenced by executive functioning, while affective symptoms may distort patients' perception of their functional status.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Aditi Sabhlok, Margherita Malanchini, Laura E. Engelhardt, James Madole, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Kathryn Paige Harden
Summary: ADHD is a complex disorder with impairing symptoms that can benefit from early and accurate diagnosis. Deficits in executive functioning are specific to the inattention domain of ADHD, and the relationship between EF task performance and inattention is consistent across sociodemographic groups. Further research using a bifactor characterization of ADHD in clinical samples is needed to enhance understanding of cognitive deficits across varying symptom presentations.
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Jonathan D. Clayden, Hanne Stotesbury, Jamie M. Kawadler, April Slee, Melanie Kolbel, Dawn E. Saunders, Anna M. Hood, Olu Wilkey, Mark Layton, Baba Inusa, Maria Pelidis, Subarna Chakravorty, David C. Rees, Jo Howard, Moji Awogbade, Christina Liossi, Fenella J. Kirkham, Chris A. Clark
Summary: This study investigated the effects of structural brain connectivity on cognitive function in patients with sickle cell disease. The results showed that reduced hemoglobin and peripheral oxygen saturation have significant effects on brain structure and cognitive function, while the presence of silent cerebral infarction does not.
Article
Education, Special
Amie Duncan, Sydney Risley, Angela Combs, Heather M. Lacey, Elizabeth Hamik, Chaya Fershtman, Ellen Kneeskern, Meera Patel, Lori Crosby, Anna M. Hood, Allison K. Zoromski, Leanne Tamm
Summary: The educational services and strategies for addressing executive functioning deficits in fully included middle schoolers with ASD in general education settings are not well known. This study explores the challenges and services provided to these students, with a focus on building EF skills in the classroom.
FOCUS ON AUTISM AND OTHER DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Anna M. Hood, Calia A. Morais, Edwin N. Aroke, Staja Q. Booker, Lisa C. Campbell, Claudia M. Campbell, Burel R. Goodin, Mary R. Janevic, Flavia P. Kapos, Vani A. Mathur, Ericka N. Merriwether, Janelle E. Letzen
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Heather Strong, Anna M. Hood, Yolanda Johnson, Rogelle Hackworth, Marque Reed-Shackelford, Rohit Ramaswamy, Taniya Varughese, Charles T. Quinn, Lori E. Crosby
Summary: Recruitment is often challenging in clinical trials involving minoritized populations, such as individuals with sickle cell disease. This study aimed to identify and overcome barriers to trial enrollment through the use of targeted strategies guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. The implementation of these strategies significantly increased the number of caregivers identified and enrolled in the trial.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Shifa Hamdule, Melanie Kolbel, Hanne Stotesbury, Russell Murdoch, Jonathan D. Clayden, Sati Sahota, Anna Marie Hood, Christopher A. Clark, Fenella Jane Kirkham
Summary: Cognitive difficulties in people with sickle cell anemia are related to lower processing speed and working memory. The factors contributing to these difficulties are not well understood. This study examines the developmental trajectories of brain volumes and cognitive endpoints in patients with sickle cell anemia.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Suad S. Abdi, Michelle De Haan, Fenella J. Kirkham
Summary: This systematic review investigates the association between neuroimaging findings and cognition in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The results suggest that overt or silent strokes, elevated blood flow velocities, abnormal functional connectivity, and decreased fMRI activation are associated with neuropsychological deficits in children with SCD compared to controls. Early diagnosis and treatment of SCD are critical to address the disease manifestations.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Anna M. Hood, Calia A. Morais, LaShawnda N. Fields, Ericka N. Merriwether, Amber K. Brooks, Jaylyn F. Clark, Lakeya S. McGill, Mary R. Janevic, Janelle E. Letzen, Lisa C. Campbell
Summary: Experiences of racism can have a significant impact on individuals, leading to psychological injury known as racism-based traumatic stress (RBTS). RBTS has similar symptoms to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) but is characterized by constant threats. The relationship between RBTS and chronic pain, exacerbated by racism and health inequities, has not been explored. To address this, a conceptual model called RESTORATIVE is proposed, highlighting the interconnection between racism, trauma, and pain for racialized groups in the US.
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Desiree N. Williford, Emily A. McTate, Anna M. Hood, Steven K. Reader, Aimee K. Hildenbrand, Kim Smith-Whitley, Susan E. Creary, Alexis A. Thompson, Rogelle Hackworth, Jean L. Raphael, Lori E. Crosby
Summary: Psychologists have the responsibility to improve health care experiences for racialized families, such as those with sickle cell disease. This article discusses the application of antiracism and participatory strategies in a clinical trial for pediatric patients with SCD, including the development of research questions promoting justice, addressing imbalances through shared decision-making, involving stakeholders through community participatory approaches, and considering contextual factors like COVID-19 and racism pandemics. The intersectionality lens is applied, considering the primary caregivers of children with SCD who are Black women. Implications for psychologists working to advance health equity in medical settings are also discussed.
AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGIST
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Melanie Koelbel, Shifa Hamdule, Fenella J. Kirkham, Hanne Stotesbury, Anna Marie Hood, Dagmara Dimitriou
Summary: Compared to typically developing children and young adults, those living with Sickle Cell Disease experience more cognitive difficulties, particularly with executive function. This study examines the relative importance of silent cerebral infarction, haemoglobin, and arterial oxygen content on age-related cognitive changes using cross-sectional and longitudinal data. The results suggest that the cognitive development of Sickle Cell Disease patients may progress more slowly. Longitudinal studies and tests unaffected by practice are needed to support cognitive development for these patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Shifa Hamdule, Fenella J. Kirkham
Summary: Cognitive decline is a significant issue in patients with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) and affects their quality of life. However, studies on the association between neuroimaging findings and cognition in this population have yielded mixed results. This systematic review evaluated the literature on regional brain volumes and their impact on cognitive outcomes. The review found that SCA patients tend to have lower grey matter volumes in childhood compared to controls, while white matter volumes remain stable in children but decrease in adulthood. Age and haemoglobin levels are better predictors of cognitive outcomes than regional brain volumes.
Article
Pediatrics
Stephanie C. Kelleher, Fenella J. Kirkham, Anna M. Hood
Summary: Children with sickle cell anemia show difficulties in executive function and processing speed. The impact of processing speed on executive function is not well understood. Additionally, children with silent cerebral infarction have better cognitive flexibility when they have faster processing speed.
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Elise J. J. Walker, Fenella J. J. Kirkham, Hanne Stotesbury, Dagmara Dimitriou, Anna M. M. Hood
Summary: The coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the need for pediatric tele-neuropsychology (TeleNP) assessment, but there is limited research on reliable pediatric assessments for TeleNP. This systematic review examined the feasibility, reliability, and acceptability of pediatric TeleNP. Most studies found that TeleNP was feasible and acceptable, with no significant differences compared to in-person assessments in most cognitive domains. However, there was limited reporting on demographic factors and the quality of the literature could be improved.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2023)