Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yauhen Statsenko, Tetiana Habuza, Klaus Neidl-Van Gorkom, Nazar Zaki, Taleb M. Almansoori, Fatmah Al Zahmi, Milos R. Ljubisavljevic, Maroua Belghali
Summary: The study aimed to improve the diagnostics of age-related cognitive functions by investigating the proportionality of age-related changes in cognitive subdomains. Through the collection of psychophysiological data, it was found that there are proportional age-related changes in information processing speed and inhibitory control in task switching during healthy brain aging. Further research is needed to determine if the patterns of change differ in patients with dementia.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Run Jin, Aidan Kai Yeung Chan, Jingsong Wu, Tatia Mei Chun Lee
Summary: The review discusses the potential mechanisms and strategies for ameliorating age-related neurocognitive changes associated with inflammation, providing important insights for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of neurocognitive disorders and developing preventative measures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yujiao Lu, Abbas Jarrahi, Nicholas Moore, Manuela Bartoli, Darrell W. Brann, Babak Baban, Krishnan M. Dhandapani
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of progressive neurodegeneration and is associated with mortality and morbidity worldwide. Inflammation plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative changes and cognitive dysfunction after TBI, suggesting a potential link between immune activation and age- or TBI-induced cognitive decline. This mini-review explores the association between cellular senescence and poor TBI outcomes, as well as the potential use of senotherapeutics as therapeutics for TBI.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sara Amjad, Sabah Nisar, Ajaz A. Bhat, Ab Rauf Shah, Michael P. Frenneaux, Khalid Fakhro, Mohammad Haris, Ravinder Reddy, Zoltan Patay, Joseph Baur, Puneet Bagga
Summary: NAD(+) plays a critical role in cellular bioenergetics and its depletion is associated with various diseases, making boosting NAD(+) levels a potential therapeutic strategy. However, the specific mechanisms of NAD(+) action require further investigation.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mashun Onishi, Koji Okamoto
Summary: Mitophagy is a crucial selective autophagy pathway that degrades dysfunctional mitochondria to maintain cellular health. Proper regulation of mitochondrial quantity and quality through mitophagy is essential for cellular energy balance, differentiation, and developmental processes. Defects in mitophagy can lead to various pathologies such as inflammation, tissue injury, neurodegeneration, and aging.
Review
Cell Biology
Verena Kluever, Eugenio F. Fornasiero
Summary: Due to the extension of human life expectancy, the prevalence of cognitive impairment is rising in the older portion of society. Developing new strategies to delay or attenuate cognitive decline is crucial. While mouse models provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of cognitive decline, there are limitations that need to be addressed to ensure the relevance of the findings in the human context.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Aqsa, Surajit Sarkar
Summary: Tauopathies involve the conversion of physiological tau into pathogenic tau due to hyperphosphorylation, leading to protein aggregates propagation in the nervous system. A study found that human tau possesses an intrinsic property to spread trans-cellularly in the fly nervous system, with aggregate migration restricted by targeted down-regulation of a specific kinase. This newly developed in-vivo model provides a rapid and easy approach for comprehensive examination of tau migration pathology, aiding in understanding the mechanistic in-depths and potential drug screening for tauopathies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyunji Lee, Yongjun Hong, Miri Kim
Summary: Skin aging is a complex process influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which affect the structure and function of the skin. Aging skin typically shows epidermal atrophy and decreased cell numbers in the dermis, affecting fibroblast function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose L. Nieto-Torres, Malene Hansen
Summary: Autophagy is a cellular recycling process that declines with age, playing important roles in physiological aging and age-related diseases. Enhancement of autophagy has beneficial effects on healthspan and lifespan, while defects in autophagy promote age-related diseases.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Marta Cakala-Jakimowicz, Paulina Kolodziej-Wojnar, Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka
Summary: The aging of the immune system leads to increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer, as well as a decreased response to vaccines. Aging of lymph nodes affects cell transport, structure, organization, immune cell location and interaction, as well as the production of necessary chemokines and cytokines, resulting in impaired immune responses. Understanding these changes can help improve long-term immune responses and vaccine effectiveness in the elderly.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandra Vladislavovna Sentyabreva, Ekaterina Alexandrovna Miroshnichenko, Ekaterina Andreevna Melnikova, Ivan Sergeevich Tsvetkov, Anna Mikhailovna Kosyreva
Summary: This study compared the morphofunctional changes in the brain and peripheral blood of adult and old Wistar rats and found age-related physiological changes and differences in adaptive reactions to aluminum exposure. Old rats showed increasing hyperchromic neurons in the hippocampus, activation of microglia, upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cellular senescence markers, downregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and a decrease in B-cells and monocytes in peripheral blood.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jill Dybiec, Magdalena Szlagor, Ewelina Mlynarska, Jacek Rysz, Beata Franczyk
Summary: Renal condition is a crucial predictor of longevity, so early diagnosis of renal dysfunction is important. The kidneys are highly susceptible to the aging process, and unfavorable conditions can disrupt the body's homeostasis. In addition to physiological changes, conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, or obesity accelerate aging. Understanding macroscopic and microscopic changes in the kidneys is essential for assessing the progression of aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Cheng Cheng, Mingqiang Gao, Zhenyong Miao, Keji Wan, Qiongqiong He
Summary: The structure of lignite is affected by fragmentation and pulverization during drying, reducing the safety and continuity of the drying and coal quality improvement processes. This study accurately quantified the shrinkage process and crack development of a two-dimensional lignite plate using image-processing techniques, and analyzed the full-scale pore characteristics of lignite. Relationship between macro volumetric shrinkage and micropore structure damage was proposed. Moisture diffusion coefficients were determined for normal temperature drying, hot air drying, and freeze drying. Hot air drying caused the most severe damage to macro/mesopores, while the collapse of macropores influenced the shrinkage the most.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carsten Esselun, Fabian Dieter, Nadine Sus, Jan Frank, Gunter P. Eckert
Summary: The study demonstrates that walnut extract may enhance mitochondrial function, reduce Aβ(1-40) formation, stimulate neurite growth, potentially serving as a promising agent for preventing Alzheimer's disease.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hideyuki Takahashi, Stephen M. Strittmatter
Summary: Protein fibrils are known to accumulate in the brain during neurodegeneration, and now cryo-electron microscopy has revealed the high-resolution structures of TMEM106B fibrils, which were not previously thought to accumulate.
