Article
Biology
Luis Gimenez, Adreeja Chatterjee, Gabriela Torres
Summary: Understanding the response of biotic systems to multiple environmental drivers is a major concern in ecology. The common approach of classifying interactive responses into categories may have limitations, leading researchers to introduce a new method to better understand variability in responses to multiple drivers. This approach was applied to a case study comparing the effects of heatwaves on different species, revealing differences in responsiveness between native and exotic species.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Susan Clayton, Charles Ogunbode
Summary: Emotions play key roles in understanding and responding to environmental problems. They can motivate pro-environmental behavior, impact mental health as consequences of environmental degradation, and facilitate social discourse necessary for addressing these problems.
Article
Ecology
Alice Michel, Jacob R. Johnson, Richard Szeligowski, Euan G. Ritchie, Andrew Sih
Summary: Fire regimes are changing worldwide, and understanding animal responses to fire is crucial for wildlife conservation and management. This study integrates sensory ecology and predator-prey theory to predict and explain variation in animal responses to approaching fire. The framework considers both fire-naive and fire-adapted animals and follows three key steps: vigilance, cue detection and response. The study discusses the influence of evolutionary history with fire and other selective pressures on animal behavioural responses to fire, and provides guidance for empiricists and potential conservation applications.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Summary: This review focuses on the impact of physical climate change, biodiversity loss, and environmental factors litigation on stranded assets, as well as the emerging literature on the consequences for society. It also explores key supervisory responses to ensure that financial institutions measure and manage stranded assets effectively.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES, VOL 46, 2021
(2021)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Travis Seaborn, David Griffith, Andrew Kliskey, Christopher C. Caudill
Summary: Adaptive capacity is a key topic in environmental change research, rooted in social, ecological, and evolutionary science, closely related to the concept of adaptive potential in evolutionary biology. This systematic review summarized the history of these topics, assessed relationships between concepts, methodologies, metrics, taxa biases, and study scales, and provided a conceptual framework to clarify these concepts. Studies have shown a greater growth in research on adaptive potential compared to adaptive capacity, with a wider geographical extent of adaptive capacity studies. Integration of evolutionary and social-ecological components is suggested for models of adaptive capacity.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Camilla W. Stjern, Piers M. Forster, Hailing Jia, Caroline Jouan, Matthew R. Kasoar, Gunnar Myhre, Dirk Olivie, Johannes Quaas, Bjorn H. Samset, Maria Sand, Toshihiro Takemura, Apostolos Voulgarakis, Christopher D. Wells
Summary: In this study, the response of key climate quantities to changes in greenhouse gases or aerosols is investigated using six global climate models. The results show that ocean temperature changes become evident after a couple of months, while rapid reductions in precipitation occur instantly and stabilize within a few days. The magnitude of precipitation response gradually increases for carbon dioxide and sulfate, and switches from negative to positive after 2 years for carbon dioxide. Rapid cloud adjustments are typically established within the first 24 hours, and the geographical pattern of cloud change is present after the first year. Overall, our work highlights the similarity of major processes and responses simulated by current global models, indicating the robustness of simulated responses to historical and future forcing.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Robert van Woesik, Tom Shlesinger, Andrea G. Grottoli, Rob J. Toonen, Rebecca Vega Thurber, Mark E. Warner, Ann Marie Hulver, Leila Chapron, Rowan H. McLachlan, Rebecca Albright, Eric Crandall, Thomas M. DeCarlo, Mary K. Donovan, Jose Eirin-Lopez, Hugo B. Harrison, Scott F. Heron, Danwei Huang, Adriana Humanes, Thomas Krueger, Joshua S. Madin, Derek Manzello, Lisa C. McManus, Mikhail Matz, Erinn M. Muller, Mauricio Rodriguez-Lanetty, Maria Vega-Rodriguez, Christian R. Voolstra, Jesse Zaneveld
Summary: The global impacts of climate change are evident in every marine ecosystem, particularly on coral reefs where mass coral bleaching and mortality are common responses. Linking information across scientific disciplines and scales is a major challenge, but adopting an integrative approach can advance coral-reef science and guide conservation efforts. Establishing networks of protected reefs across national boundaries may be the best chance for corals to persist through climate change.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xitian Cai, Luyi Li, Joshua B. Fisher, Zhenzhong Zeng, Sha Zhou, Xuezhi Tan, Bingjun Liu, Xiaohong Chen
Summary: The responses of ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) to environmental perturbations are nonlinear and depend on the strength of the coupling between water and carbon cycles. Two explainable machine learning models were used to evaluate the structure of these nonlinearities and assess the effects of temperature, precipitation, radiation, CO2 concentration, and nitrogen deposition on WUE. The findings showed that precipitation plays a dominant role in shaping the spatial pattern of WUE, while temperature and radiation have negative effects. The study also identified key sensitivities and thresholds in WUE to environmental controls over space and time.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Umar Aftab Abbasi, Eskil Mattsson, Sarath Premalal Nissanka, Arshad Ali
Summary: Compared to temperate and boreal forests, tropical forests are biodiverse, structurally-complex and high-functioning ecosystems, but vulnerable to anthropogenic disturbances and environmental factors. This study found that the attributes of tropical forests respond to water-related climatic and soil nutrient-related factors. Water-related climatic factors had a strong positive effect on forest conditions, followed by temperature-related climatic factors, while soil factors had negligible effects. Improving water-energy balance and soil conditions can increase biodiversity and carbon stocks of tropical forests, offsetting anthropogenic carbon emissions. Conservation practices should consider multiple environmental and biotic attributes for biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Baohong Liu, Xueting Ma, Jianping Cai
Summary: In this study, gene coexpression network analysis was used to identify modules associated with Eimeria tenella infection in chickens, revealing diverse functions such as immune response and metabolism. The findings suggest that infections with different Eimeria species elicit similar biological responses in chickens at the system level.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiaoqiang Kong, Yunlong Zhang, William L. Eisele, Xiao Xiao
Summary: This study investigates the impact of travel time index and planning time index on truck drivers' route choices through the use of the XGBoost model and SHAP framework. The results suggest that truck drivers are more sensitive to real-time congestion and reliability information, which is influenced by the differences in mobility and reliability indices on candidate routes.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Yehezkel Buba, John P. DeLong, Jonathan Belmaker
Summary: The study showed that in warmer waters, smaller predators have reduced handling times and increased space clearance rates, while bigger predators exhibit the opposite trend. The negative effect of increased temperature on the functional response of larger predators is more pronounced in active species. Known alien species do not exhibit different functional response parameters when examined on their native prey.
FISH AND FISHERIES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Masaki Toda, Masahiro Watanabe, Masakazu Yoshimori
Summary: Modeling studies have shown that land warms more than ocean in response to an increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Despite multiple proposed mechanisms, a comprehensive understanding of this land-ocean warming contrast has not been achieved.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Amanda K. Winter, Andrew Karvonen
Summary: This article reviews the literature on peri-urban flood governance in the past decade, highlighting the challenges and opportunities in addressing flood risks in urban and peri-urban areas. The findings suggest that current autonomous adaptation approaches are inadequate, and there is a need for new adaptive governance models.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karen E. Mcnamara, Rachel Clissold, Ross Westoby, Stephanie Stephens, George Koran, Willy Missack, Christopher Y. Bartlett
Summary: This article examines how climate change affects the human rights of the people of Vanuatu and proposes response measures. The author suggests integrating human rights restoration plans into the loss and damage fund and other initiatives to protect the fundamental rights of the residents.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)