Article
Agronomy
Euro Pannacci, Selene Baratta, Beatrice Falcinelli, Michela Farneselli, Francesco Tei
Summary: This study evaluated the biostimulatory effects of mugwort extract on seed germination and seedling growth in several vegetable crops. The results showed that mugwort extract had different effects on different species, which may involve plant hormone activity.
Review
Agronomy
Mandeep Singh, Resham Thapa, Meetpal Singh Kukal, Suat Irmak, Steven Mirsky, Amit J. Jhala
Summary: Weeds compete with crops for soil resources, and water stress inhibits weed germination, growth, and seed production. The impact intensifies with increasing water stress. Weed seedbank accumulation poses challenges for crop management.
Article
Forestry
Charles C. Rhoades, Timothy S. Fegel, Robert M. Hubbard, Marin E. Chambers
Summary: Serotinous cones play an important role in the resilience of lodgepole pine forests. Despite the high mortality caused by crown fires and bark beetle outbreaks, serotinous cones can provide viable seeds for regeneration in burned areas, although the germination rate decreases with cone age.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Virginia R. Sykes, Natalie R. Bumgarner, Stefanie Brooke Keadle, Aleksandra Wilson, Francisco Palacios
Summary: Edible food production is an important aspect of horticulture that can benefit both rural and urban residents by promoting community connections, physical activity, and healthy produce. Cultivar selection is a common concern for food gardeners, but formal evaluation is limited due to various challenges. The University of Tennessee has developed a citizen science approach called the Home Garden Variety Trial program to address this gap and provide high-quality data to support food production success.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Davide Gerna, Erwann Arc, Max Holzknecht, Thomas Roach, Pidder Jansen-Duerr, Alexander K. H. Weiss, Ilse Kranner
Summary: Research suggests that AtFAHD1a in Arabidopsis plays a crucial role in seed longevity and vigour, potentially affecting seed redox regulation and quality traits such as seed thermo-dormancy and longevity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Erdem Danyer, Tanay Bilal, Aysen Altiner, Ismail Aytekin, Hasan Atalay
Summary: This study investigated the effects of vitamin E injection on ewes to prevent transport stress. The results showed that pre-transport vitamin E injection did not significantly affect stress and oxidative parameters in the ewes.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Muhammad Javaid Akhter, Mette Sonderskov, Donato Loddo, Lena Ulber, Richard Hull, Per Kudsk
Summary: The paper investigates the potential and challenges of using harvest weed seed control (HWSC) as an alternative non-chemical weed control strategy in Europe. Initial research in Europe has identified several weed species suitable for HWSC, but there are challenges such as inconsistent crop and weed maturity. Further research and development are needed to evaluate and promote the practical adoption of HWSC strategies in European cropping systems.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Vasiliki Liava, Georgia Ntatsi, Anestis Karkanis
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of storage conditions, population, and temperature on the germination of milk thistle seeds. The results showed that all three factors significantly affected germination percentage, mean germination time, germination index, radicle length, and hypocotyl length. Cold storage mitigated the negative effect of prolonged storage, while higher temperatures reduced germination time and increased radicle and hypocotyl length. These findings are important for determining the appropriate sowing date and storage conditions, as well as designing integrated weed management systems.
Review
Plant Sciences
Aniruddha Maity, Amrit Lamichaney, Dinesh Chandra Joshi, Ali Bajwa, Nithya Subramanian, Michael Walsh, Muthukumar Bagavathiannan
Summary: Seed shattering is a natural phenomenon in wild and weedy plant species, controlled by genetics but influenced by environmental conditions and management practices. While undesirable in domesticated crops, it serves as a crucial survival mechanism for weeds, aiding in efficient seed dispersal and soil seedbank development. Weed species have evolved variations in seed shattering as an adaptation to changing management regimes, presenting challenges for agricultural weed management but also opportunities for innovative approaches such as harvest weed seed control.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Zhang, Brian Head, Scott W. Leonard, Jaewoo Choi, Robyn L. Tanguay, Maret G. Traber
Summary: The study investigates the molecular mechanism of Vitamin E in embryogenesis, revealing that Vitamin E deficiency leads to complex biochemical pathway changes, with betaine playing a key role in maintaining glutathione homeostasis. Additionally, changes in amino acids and thiols during embryonic development are associated with Vitamin E deficiency.
Article
Plant Sciences
Alistair G. Auffret, Pieter Vangansbeke, Pieter De Frenne, Inger Auestad, Sofia Basto, Ulf Grandin, Hans Jacquemyn, Anna Jakobsson, Rein Kalamees, Marcus A. Koch, Rob Marrs, Bryndis Marteinsdottir, Markus Wagner, Renee M. Bekker, Hans Henrik Bruun, Guillaume Decocq, Martin Hermy, Malgorzata Jankowska-Blaszczuk, Per Milberg, Inger E. Maren, Robin J. Pakeman, Gareth K. Phoenix, Ken Thompson, Hans Van Calster, Vigdis Vandvik, Jan Plue
Summary: Responses to climate change often lag behind warming rates. Soil seed banks can buffer unsuitable conditions, containing species with warm and wide climatic ranges. Seed banks may play a role in climate-driven community shifts and the spread of generalist species.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Abdul Hameed, Nudrat Aisha Akram, Muhammad Hamzah Saleem, Muhammad Ashraf, Shakeel Ahmed, Shafaqat Ali, Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli, Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
Summary: The influence of seed priming with different concentrations of alpha-tocopherol on carrot plants under water-deficit conditions was investigated. The application of alpha-tocopherol was effective in improving plant growth attributes and oxidative defense system, especially in reducing the accumulation of H2O2 and MDA contents. Additionally, cv.DC4 showed better performance in growth attributes.
Article
Agronomy
Rosaine N. Yegbemey, Christelle M. Komlan Ahihou, Ifeoluwa Olorunnipa, Marwan Benali, Victor Afari-Sefa, Pepijn Schreinemachers
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted vegetable producers in north-western Nigeria, leading to challenges in accessing farm inputs and selling fresh produce. To cope with these challenges, farmers have reduced market-oriented production, increased self-consumption, added value through processing and explored new markets. Various socio-economic factors influence farmers' decisions in adopting coping strategies to sustain vegetable supplies in the face of the pandemic.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
A. Sahoo, Srobana Sarkar, B. Lal, Pankaj Kumawat, Shivendra Sharma, Kalyan De
Summary: The study found that using fruit and vegetable waste as animal feed can improve nutrient utilization and antioxidant status in animals, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and save potable water consumption.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuan Guo, Dong Li, Tiantian Liu, Meifang Liao, Yuxin Li, Weitang Zhang, Zijin Liu, Mingxun Chen
Summary: In this study, the overexpression of the BnaC02.TMT.a gene in transgenic rapeseed increased the content of α-tocopherol and total tocopherol in seeds and altered the fatty acid composition. The overexpression also enhanced the tolerance of rapeseed seeds to salt stress. These findings expand our knowledge of the function of the Bnγ-TMT gene and provide a new genetic engineering strategy for rapeseed breeding.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Davide Gerna, Daniel Ballesteros, Erwann Arc, Wolfgang Stoeggl, Charlotte E. Seal, Nicki Marami-Zonouz, Chae Sun Na, Ilse Kranner, Thomas Roach
Summary: Seed ageing mechanisms are influenced by the physical state of the cytoplasm. Oxygen promotes lipid peroxidation and seed viability loss when the cytoplasm is glassy, but not when it is fluid. Hypoxic conditions delay seed deterioration, lipid peroxidation, and decline of antioxidants only when the cytoplasm is glassy. When the cytoplasm is fluid, seed deterioration occurs at the same rate regardless of oxygen availability, with limited lipid peroxidation and detoxification of lipid peroxide products.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thomas Roach, Nina Boeck, Nina Rittmeier, Erwann Arc, Ilse Kranner, Andreas Holzinger
Summary: The study reveals that the desiccation tolerance in Haematococcus pluvialis is related to the color of the cells, with red cells showing better tolerance. The mechanisms of desiccation tolerance include changes in cell ultra-structure and synthesis of astaxanthin-rich lipid bodies. The processes of acclimation to desiccation under low and high light conditions have overlapping components, such as accumulation of fatty acids, lipid bodies, and astaxanthin. Atmospheric exposure alone can trigger acclimation to desiccation, and photosynthesis powers this process, but high light stress and dehydration are not strictly necessary.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Thomas Roach, Eunchul Kim, Lijin Tian, Bernard Lepetit
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Regina Ninoles, Dolores Planes, Paloma Arjona, Carmen Ruiz-Pastor, Ruben Chazarra, Joan Renard, Eduardo Bueso, Javier Forment, Ramon Serrano, Ilse Kranner, Thomas Roach, Jose Gadea
Summary: Understanding the genetic factors involved in seed longevity is crucial in agriculture and ecology. This study investigated the mechanisms behind differing seed longevity in Arabidopsis thaliana, revealing the importance of redox poise and stored mRNA in determining seed viability. Multiple factors contribute to seed longevity, including heat-shock factors and RNA regulation.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Davide Gerna, David Clara, Dorothee Allwardt, Birgit Mitter, Thomas Roach
Summary: Seeds provide a niche for endophytic bacteria, but the interaction between seeds and their endophytes is not well understood. This study designed various media to mimic the endosphere of germinating soybean seeds and found that the embryonic axis had higher richness and more unique genera compared to the cotyledons. The use of tailored media helped uncover the trophic adaptation of core taxa. The results also showed that the parental environment influenced seed endophytic diversity. The extended diversity of native seed endophytic bacteria revealed the functional relevance of certain strains to seed germination under salt stress.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nora Went, Carolina Gnaiger, Sabine Schmitt, Rafael Moreno-Sanchez, Thomas Roach, Erich Gnaiger
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ginga Shimakawa, Anja Krieger-Liszkay, Thomas Roach
Summary: In plants, senescence is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. However, lipid peroxidation is not solely linked to stress, as it also plays a role in plant development. The major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in senescing leaves is linolenic acid, which is sensitive to peroxidation. Lipid catabolism during senescence leads to a decrease in PUFA levels and an increase in short-chain saturated fatty acids.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2022)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Xin-Guang Zhu, Mirza Hasanuzzaman, Anjana Jajoo, Tracy Lawson, Rongcheng Lin, Chun-Ming Liu, Lu-Ning Liu, Zhenfeng Liu, Congming Lu, Michael Moustakas, Thomas Roach, Qingfeng Song, Xinyou Yin, Wangfeng Zhang
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Thomas Roach, Theresa Baur, Ilse Kranner
Summary: The study found that singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) partially regulates light stress signaling in algae and plants, and beta-carotene molecules can quench O-1(2). In the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, beta-cyclocitral may down-regulate chlorophyll synthesis, but it does not seem to contribute to O-1(2)-mediated high light stress signaling.
Article
Plant Sciences
Manuela Nagel, Erwann Arc, Loic Rajjou, Gwendal Cueff, Marlene Bailly, Gilles Clement, Inmaculada Sanchez-Vicente, Christophe Bailly, Charlotte E. Seal, Thomas Roach, Hardy Rolletschek, Oscar Lorenzo, Andreas Boerner, Ilse Kranner
Summary: Seed quality is crucial for agricultural production, but it is affected by climate change. This study investigated the influence of drought and elevated temperature on key seed quality traits in two genotypes of barley. The results showed that different genotypes of barley had varying responses to drought and temperature stress, with differences in seed size, weight, and vigor. Transcription factors associated with environmental responses and seed dormancy were found to be more abundant in one genotype. Drought significantly reduced seed yield in both genotypes, while elevated temperature only affected seed size. Metabolite profiling revealed differences in metabolic processes between the embryos of the two genotypes, with drought affecting amino acid metabolism in both genotypes. This study could support future breeding efforts to develop lodging and drought-resistant barley varieties without compromising stress resistance and dormancy.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Richard Peter Beckett, Thomas Roach, Farida Minibayeva, Silke Werth
Summary: The photosynthetic apparatus of lichen photobionts, including cyclic electron flow and photoprotection, was studied using chlorophyll fluorescence analysis and near-infrared absorption. Sun species exhibited lower PSI acceptor side limitation and higher flavodiiron-mediated pseudocyclic electron flow compared to shade species. Melanised lichens had lower Y[NA], higher NDH-2-type cyclic flow, and higher non-photochemical quenching, while shade species displayed faster relaxing NPQ. Cyclic electron flow was a prominent feature in all lichens regardless of habitat.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas Roach, Gilbert Neuner, Ilse Kranner, Othmar Buchner
Summary: Heat and drought stresses are important topics in the context of climate change, especially in the Alps. A study found that alpine plants can gradually adapt to heat and achieve maximum tolerance within a week. The antioxidant mechanisms of Primula minima leaves that were heat hardened without or with additional drought stress were investigated. The results showed a weakened low-molecular-weight antioxidant defense but increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, particularly under drought conditions.
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pablo Albertos, Immaculada Sanchez-Vicente, Jose Manuel Franco, Roberto Solano, David Gerna, Thomas Roach, Wolfgang Stoggl, Ilse Kranner, Julio Salina, Oscar Lorenzo
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pablo Albertos, Maria Immaculada Sanchez-Vicente, Jose Manuel Franco, Roberto Solano, David Gerna, Thomas Roach, Wolfgang Stoggl, Ilse Kranner, Julio Salina, Oscar Lorenzo
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)