Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haim Kalman
Summary: This study measured the properties of mono-sized and particle size distributions of three non-spherical particle materials. The properties can be described by new functions based on the Archimedes number, and mixtures can be defined using logistic functions based on the median size and distribution parameter. The appropriate properties can be predicted based on the size distribution.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haim Kalman, Dmitry Portnikov
Summary: This study investigates the impact of moisture content and compression pressure on bed void fraction in different materials. The Archimedes number was identified as a suitable parameter for describing particle behavior, as well as the effects of moisture content and compression pressure. General equations were developed to assess liquid bridge forces in solid and porous particles, as well as describe compressed particulate beds based on the Heckel model. The study also examined the compression of wet particles, with the general equations aligning well with experimental values.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haim Kalman, Dmitry Portnikov
Summary: This paper analyzed the forces affecting the void fraction and density of a particulate bed, including buoyancy, viscosity, and other forces. The study considered the particle shape as a factor influencing the void fraction.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
John R. Grace, Arian Ebneyamini
Summary: This paper examines the relationship between sphericity and circularity, indicating that the two quantities are generally not equal for simple non-spherical shapes. It provides advice on improving the estimation of sphericity from circularity measurements.
Article
Mechanics
Yi Shen, Tianbao Ma, Jianqiao Li
Summary: Metal fracture under different stress states is a significant problem in engineering. This paper proposes a new damage evolution model based on void evolution, which is validated through quasi-static tensile tests and numerical simulation. The effects of specimen shapes on damage and void evolution are also investigated.
ENGINEERING FRACTURE MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Neshat Sayah, Douglas E. E. Smith
Summary: This study analyzed the void characteristics in short carbon fiber-reinforced composites produced by large-area additive manufacturing (LAAM) through the use of high-resolution 3D micro-computed tomography. The results showed the significant impact of void volume fraction and sphericity on the mechanical properties and printing process parameters of the materials.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tong Deng, Vivek Garg, Hamid Salehi, Michael S. A. Bradley
Summary: Bulk solids often segregate on inclined surfaces, especially when particles of different shapes and sizes move differently on the surface. Studies have shown that segregation levels increase with higher particle sphericity and sphericity ratio, and are higher at low angles of repose but minimal at angles higher than 32 degrees. It is important to note that this 32 degree angle of repose should not be generalized to indicate susceptibility of blends to free-surface rolling segregation for materials other than the one tested.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xiaosa Yuan, Mingjiang Dai, Yingjie Gao, Fang Liu, Mingming Zhang
Summary: This study systematically investigates the effect of pore morphology and pore space distribution on the frost resistance of graphene oxide-steel fiber reinforced concrete (GO-SFRC) using X-ray computed tomography (X-CT) technology. It is found that graphene oxide significantly improves the frost resistance of steel fiber concrete by altering the pore morphology and spatial distribution. The results demonstrate that GO-SFRC concrete has significantly better frost resistance than ordinary SFRC concrete, as evidenced by the analysis of compressive strength loss and dynamic elastic modulus loss.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fan Yang, Yu-Hong Zeng, Wen-Xin Huai
Summary: Settlement of non-spherical particles in riverine ecosystems is commonly observed and influenced by both particle and fluid properties. By collecting and studying 828 settling data, a new drag law for non-spherical particles has been developed, allowing for the prediction of settling velocity for particles of various shapes and materials. Further applications in hydrochorous propagule dispersal and sediment transport are projected based on a deeper understanding of the settling process.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Carlos Paredes-Orta, Luis M. Valentin-Coronado, Arturo Diaz-Ponce, Juvenal Rodriguez-Resendiz, Jorge Domingo Mendiola-Santibanez
Summary: The article presents a semi-automatic distortion calculation method for automobile lateral-view mirrors based on image processing, which demonstrates higher robustness and precision compared to the standard method. Experimental results show that the proposed method effectively detects distortion issues in mirrors compared to the standard method.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haim Kalman, Erez Matana
Summary: The study reviewed empirical correlations and experimental works on the relationship between drag coefficient (C-D) of spheres with Reynolds number (Re) and Re with Archimedes number (Ar), and found the best-fit correlations for experimental results. New correlations for Re-Ha and C-D-Ar were also established, with the latter being easier to use than the common C-D-Re curve.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lindsay Riley, Grace Wei, Yijun Bao, Peter Cheng, Katrina L. Wilson, Yining Liu, Yiyang Gong, Tatiana Segura
Summary: Void volume fraction (VVF) is a commonly used global measurement for characterizing the void space of granular scaffolds, but there is no reliable standard for measuring VVF in practice. This study examines the relationship between VVF and particle characteristics through 3D simulated scaffolds and finds that VVF is less predictable compared to particle count. It also explores the impact of microscope magnification and other input parameters on approximating VVF using 2D microscope images.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zekun Li, Baolong Guo, Cheng Li
Summary: A fast shape recognition method based on regular graphic is proposed in this paper. The method uses the Interior Distance Ratio to a regular Shape (minimum bounding rectangle or minimum circumscribed circle) as a remarkable feature for shape matching and recognition, achieving high accuracy and matching speed.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haim Kalman, Dmitry Portnikov
Summary: Various experiments were conducted to analyze the acceleration of particles in different fluids. A simple exponential function was developed to describe the relationship between velocity and distance. This function depends on the initial acceleration and terminal velocity and can predict the velocity during acceleration with an accuracy of +/- 10%.
Article
Mechanics
F. J. Collado
Summary: This work presents preliminary results of a new void fraction model in subcooled flow boiling, based on new mass and energy balances. The model predicts the slip ratio profile, calculates the mixture enthalpy, and derives the void fraction. The study also establishes the first equation for the slip evolution and finds a second kinematic equation between the onset of nuclear boiling and the vapor velocity.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.