Article
Polymer Science
Majid Mokarizadehhaghighishirazi, Bart Buffel, Stepan V. Lomov, Frederik Desplentere
Summary: This paper discusses the prediction of effective thermal conductivity in injection-moulded short fiber reinforced polymers using two different homogenization schemes. The results show that the two-step homogenization method can accurately predict the effective thermal conductivity in a wide range of orientations, while the dielectric-wise approach is limited to extreme orientation spectra.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Abdullah Alshahrani, Sivakumar Kulasegaram, Abhishek Kundu
Summary: Evaluation of the elastic properties of self-compacting fibre-reinforced concrete is important in civil and structural engineering. This paper proposes a two-step homogenisation approach to predict the elastic properties of self-compacting fibre-reinforced concrete. The results show that the content of aggregates, steel fibres, and porosity significantly affect the elastic modulus, and the proposed homogenisation method can efficiently replace time-consuming laboratory tests, saving both resources and time.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Faheem Muhammed, Tania Lavaggi, Laure Moretti, Suresh Advani, John W. Gillespie
Summary: Carbon-carbon composites (CCCs), as carbon-fiber reinforced materials, exhibit excellent thermomechanical properties under extreme environmental conditions. In order to reduce cost and processing time, a 7-hour pyrolytic schedule was proposed and successfully achieved for a thermoset benzoxazine-derived CCCs through an optimization process. The optimization involved using a multi-stage nth-order kinetics model to limit individual reaction rates and prevent layer separations and fiber rupture during thermal processing. X-Ray 3D Computed Tomography was used to evaluate the modified results post heat treatment, ensuring a fully interconnected porous microstructure with minimal closed void volume. A 1D model was also proposed to predict internal pressure generated during the final ramp, providing upper bounds for the optimization protocol in terms of sample thicknesses and applied ramp rates.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Andreas Klingler, Qinghao He, Bernd Wetzel, Tom Allen, Lin Ye, Ulf Breuer
Summary: This study investigates the effect of core-shell rubber nanoparticle and block copolymer matrix modifications on the low velocity impact resistance of thin, multi-axial carbon fibre reinforced epoxy laminates. The results show that the damage resistance is greatly enhanced to impact energies of 9 J and 13 J, but a proper bonding between matrix and the embedded fibres is essential. Lower impact energies do not activate the toughening agents effectively.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Haoqi Zhang, Jiayun Chen, Dongmin Yang
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms of fibre misalignment and breakage in honeycomb structure 3D printing of carbon fiber filament. The uneven pressure from the nozzle leads to printing defects, which are exacerbated with increasing turning angle and curvature. The finite element model supports the experimental findings.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Busra Karas, Patrick J. Smith, J. Patrick A. Fairclough, Kamran Mumtaz
Summary: Additive manufacturing of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites offers advantages over traditional manufacturing, but current methods result in high porosity. The CFAM approach presented demonstrates the production of carbon fiber composites with superior mechanical properties exceeding state-of-the-art AM.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Rui Guo, Johannes Stubbe, Yuhe Zhang, Christian Matthias Schleputz, Camilo Rojas Gomez, Mahoor Mehdikhani, Christian Breite, Yentl Swolfs, Pablo Villanueva-Perez
Summary: Monitoring the microstructure and damage development of fibre-reinforced composites during loading is crucial to understanding their mechanical properties. In this paper, a new pipeline based on CycleGAN and U-Net-id is established to improve the temporal and spatial resolution for the microstructural analysis of these composites. The results show that data enhanced by this pipeline can achieve similar segmentation quality as high-quality scans that take much longer to acquire.
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Rong Zhao, Andrii Shmatok, Ralf D. Fischer, Barton C. Prorok
Summary: This study develops an accurate model using XCT technology and statistical analysis software to predict the optimal parameter sets and ranges for laser powder bed fusion. The study finds a numerical linear relationship between laser velocity and hatch spacing with laser power, which allows for minimizing porosity within a specific range. Thermodynamic calculations and experimental verification show that the lowest porosity at the optimum laser power range is associated with a specific line energy input.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jose D. Rios, Hector Cifuentes, Sergio Blason, Manuel Lopez-Aenlle, Antonio Martinez-De la Concha
Summary: The study found that the addition of fibers in ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete can have a beneficial effect in the low cyclic fatigue regime. When heated, concrete with steel fibers led to a reduction in matrix porosity and significant damage at 300 degrees C due to spalling failure, while concrete reinforced with polypropylene fibers maintained remarkably similar fatigue behavior at room temperature and 300 degrees C.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ercan Cakmak, Philip Bingham, Ross W. Cunningham, Anthony D. Rollett, Xianghui Xiao, Ryan R. Dehoff
Summary: This study focuses on the non-destructive characterization of additively manufactured parts using x-ray computed tomography. It compares laboratory XCT and synchrotron-based XCT, concluding that laboratory XCT is a compelling alternative for static defect characterization in AM parts, while synchrotron-based techniques offer unmatched performance for dynamic and sub-micron studies.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fabien Leonard, Axel Lange, Andreas Kupsch, Bernd Randolf Mueller, Giovanni Bruno
Summary: This study investigates the anisotropy of materials' microstructure and morphology in diesel particulate filter (DPF) materials, quantifies the morphological anisotropy using a simple segmentation algorithm, and correlates the anisotropy of the pore space with the microstructure and crystallographic anisotropy of the material.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yizhou Li, Pratik Samant, Christian Cochran, Yue Zhao, Joyce H. Keyak, Xiang Hu, Aixi Yu, Liangzhong Xiang
Summary: This study explores the feasibility of using XACT imaging as a new tool for detecting osteoporosis. Through simulated experiments, it is found that XACT images can calculate the degree of osteoporosis and detect characteristics such as decreased bone mineral density and increased spectral slope, which are consistent with the results of traditional micro-CT image calculations.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tiande Wen, Xiangsheng Chen, Longtan Shao
Summary: This study examined the macropore structure of granite residual soil during multiple wetting and drying cycles using X-ray computed tomography. The results showed that the cycles caused soil shrinkage and reduced pore connectivity, leading to an increase in isolated pores. Wetting contributed to the recovery of lost pores and connections, increasing pore space and porosity. The connected macropores played a decisive role in the soil's saturated hydraulic conductivity.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Soil Science
D. Luke R. Wardak, Faheem N. Padia, Martine I. de Heer, Craig J. Sturrock, Sacha J. Mooney
Summary: This paper reviews 34 studies that demonstrate the influence of zero-tillage (ZT) on porosity, depending on soil texture, pore size class, and depth. ZT can also affect important transport mechanisms that impact the fate of agrochemicals in soils, although the effects on hydraulic transport are less clear.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
E. A. Zwanenburg, D. G. Norman, C. Qian, K. N. Kendall, M. A. Williams, J. M. Warnett
Summary: Compression moulding of carbon fibre sheet moulding compounds is an attractive manufacturing method for composite structures. Investigating fibre orientation, defects and voids in these components is important for quality control. X-ray computed tomography is a non-destructive imaging method used on different kind of sheet moulded compound to identify such issues, but it is still a challenge on carbon fibre sheet moulding compound due to the similarities in density of the carbon fibres and polymer matrix.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Christian Gusenbauer, Michael Reiter, Bernhard Plank, Dietmar Salaberger, Sascha Senck, Johann Kastner
JOURNAL OF NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
(2019)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
J. Kastner, C. Gusenbauer, B. Plank, J. Glinz, S. Senck
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Meyghani, M. Awang, S. Emamian, B. Plank, H. Christoph, K. S. Siow
MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT UND WERKSTOFFTECHNIK
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
B. Meyghani, M. Awang, P. Bokam, B. Plank, C. Heinzl, K. S. Siow
MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT UND WERKSTOFFTECHNIK
(2019)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
P. S. Stelzer, B. Plank, Z. Major
NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING AND EVALUATION
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maria C. Quintana, Patricia M. Frontini, Aitor Arriaga, Bernhard Plank, Zoltan Major
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
A. Khudiakova, M. Berer, S. Niedermair, B. Plank, E. Truszkiewicz, G. Meier, H. Stepanovsky, M. Wolfahrt, G. Pinter, J. Lackner
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Manuel Laengauer, Gernot Zitzenbacher, Sarah Heupl, Bernhard Plank, Christoph Burgstaller, Christoph Hochenauer
Summary: Modeling the thermoforming process of thermoplastic composites is challenging due to the heterogeneity of the material. This study presents a novel analytical model to calculate the anisotropic thermal conductivity of the composites, considering the thermal deconsolidation and fiber orientation. The model was validated through experimental tests and can be a useful tool in process modeling.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Hannes Stadler, Peter Kiss, Wolfgang Stadlbauer, Bernhard Plank, Christoph Burgstaller
Summary: This experimental investigation compares the mechanical properties of thermosetting carbon fiber reinforced tapes cured in different curing processes. The results show that the autoclave curing process produces laminates with higher strength and lower porosity compared to oven curing and in-situ consolidation processes.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Chethan Savandaiah, Stefan Sieberer, Bernhard Plank, Julia Maurer, Georg Steinbichler, Janak Sapkota
Summary: Composite filament co-extrusion additive manufacturing is a highly customizable technique for producing composite parts. However, it faces challenges such as voids and defects. This research aims to investigate and reduce these issues through compression pressing as a post-processing technique.
Article
Crystallography
Jan Bajer, Stefan Zaunschirm, Bernhard Plank, Michaela Slapakova, Lucia Bajtosova, Miroslav Cieslar, Johann Kastner
Summary: Inhomogeneous structure with central segregation occurs in commercial twin-roll cast AA 3003 aluminum alloy, where segregations form as manganese, iron, and silicon-rich channels spread in the rolling direction. Diffusion of silicon during annealing leads to the formation and growth of voids due to the Kirkendall effect.
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Holger Plasser, Guenther Mayr, Gernot Mayr, Philipp Zallinger, Bernhard Plank, Guenther Hendorfer, Zoltan Major
Summary: High strength and low density make epoxy-based CFRP a highly interesting construction material for the aerospace manufacturing industry. Porosity is an unavoidable defect that significantly weakens the strength values dominated by the matrix. This study demonstrates the quantitative estimation of porosity by pulsed thermography on a multi-axial laminate fabricated from unidirectional Prepregs for the first time.
JOURNAL OF NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Manufacturing
M. Schiwarth, J. Weissenboeck, B. Plank, B. Froehler, C. Heinzl, J. Kastner
13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TEXTILE COMPOSITES (TEXCOMP-13)
(2018)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jan Bajer, Stefan Zaunschirm, Michaela Slapakova, Mariia Zimina, Bernhard Plank, Miroslav Cieslar, Johann Kastner
27TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (METAL 2018)
(2018)