Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
Volume 10, Issue 6, Pages 1369-1378Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2016.08.016
Keywords
Hypercholesterolemia; Pregnancy; Risk factors; Children; LDL
Categories
Funding
- Abbot
- Apotek 1
- Amgen
- Genzyme
- Melk.no
- Mills DA
- MSD
- Norwegian Medical Association
- Norwegian Directorate for Health
- Oslo Economics
- Pfizer
- Sanofi
- Norwegian Medicines Agency
- Lilly
- Tine DA
- Olympic Seafood
- Pronova
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BACKGROUND: Vast amounts of data show associations between maternal obesity, dysglycemia, diabetes, and undernutrition during pregnancy and increased cardiovascular disease risk in offspring. However, elevated maternal LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) in pregnancy and offspring cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has scarcely been studied. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate the associations between elevated maternal LDL-C in pregnancy and CVD risk factors in 6-to-13-year-old offspring. METHODS: We recruited 6-to-13-year-old children whose mothers attended a pregnancy cohort and who had high or low cholesterol in pregnancy, defined as LDL-C over the 90th percentile or below the 10th percentile within the pregnancy cohort, respectively. We measured CVD risk factors in the children in the 2 groups. RESULTS: Maternal plasma LDL-C at gestational week 14 to 16 was 4.0 and 1.4 mmol/L in the hypercholesterolemic (n = 27) and hypocholesterolemic (n = 34) groups, respectively (P < .001). Interestingly, offspring plasma LDL-C was 0.4 mmol/L higher in children whose mothers had hypercholesterolemia during pregnancy (P < .01). We found no difference in birthweight or any other clinical or biochemical CVD risk factors or dietary intake between the children at 6-13 years. CONCLUSIONS: Women with elevated LDL-C during early pregnancy have offspring with higher LDL-C already at the age of 6-13 years. Unless cholesterol-reducing measures are successfully implemented, the affected children may be at increased cardiovascular risk. (C) 2016 National Lipid Association. All rights reserved.
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