Journal
CCS CHEMISTRY
Volume -, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
CHINESE CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.31635/ccschem.022.202201963
Keywords
nonfullerene acceptors; near-infrared; cost; stability; power conversion efficiency
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2019YFA0705900, 2017YFA0204701]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [22175187, 91833304, 21805289, 22171273]
- Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDPB13]
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS [2020031]
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This study successfully developed two new near-infrared nonfullerene acceptors, F11 and F13, which achieved a synergistic balance of stability, cost, and efficiency in organic solar cells (OSCs). These acceptors have low complexity and cost, and show advantages in charge transport.
Synergistically achieving stability, cost, and efficiency is crucial for the commercialization of organic solar cells (OSCs). Despite the rapid development of 2 (3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-ylidene)malononitrile-type nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs), they are inherently unstable due to the vulnerable exocyclic double bond and possess high synthesis complexity (SC). Based on the all-fused-ring electron acceptor (AFAR) concept, we report two new near-infrared NFAs, F11 and F13, featuring all fused dodecacyclic rings. By developing a whole set of synthetic procedures, F11 and F13 can be conveniently prepared at a 10 g scale within a notably short period, displaying both the low SC and the lowest costs among reported NFAs, even comparable to the classical photovoltaic material, P3HT. In comparison with the one-dimensional stacking of ITYM (ITYM = 2,2 '-(7,7,15,15-tetrahexyl-7,15-dihydro-s-indaceno[1,2-b:5,6-b ']diindeno[1,2-d]thiophene-2,10(2H)-diylidene) dimalononitrile), the first AFRA, and mixed J- and H-aggregations in Y6, F-acceptors show a compact honeycomb-type three-dimensional stacking with exclusive J-aggregations, favoring multichannel charge transport. By matching a medium-bandgap polymer donor, F13 delivers greater than 13% power conversion efficiencies, which is the highest performance among non-INCN acceptors, and shows device stability superior to the typical ITIC-and Y6-based OSCs as evidenced by the negligible burn-in losses. This work presents a first and successful example of NFAs achieving an optimal efficiency-cost-stability balance in OSCs.
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