Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Karen E. Elkind-Hirsch, Neil Chappell, Donna Shaler, John Storment, Drake Bellanger
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the GLP-1 analog liraglutide 3 mg (LIRA 3 mg) in reducing body weight and hyperandrogenism in women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results showed that LIRA 3 mg was superior to placebo in reducing body weight, lowering androgen levels, and improving cardiometabolic parameters.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Enrico Carmina, Rosa Alba Longo
Summary: It is well known that some women with PCOS have excessive adrenal androgen production, which is generally associated with ovarian hyperandrogenism. This study found that adrenal hyperandrogenism is more common in non-classic PCOS phenotypes and is generally part of a generalized higher production of androgens in a subgroup of PCOS patients. However, other factors may increase adrenal androgen production and influence the clinical expression of the syndrome.
Article
Cell Biology
Gaber Bergant, Dzhamilyat Abdulkhalikova, Ana Sustarsic, Borut Peterlin, Eda Vrtacnik Bokal, Ales Maver, Mateja Videmsek, Tanja Burnik Papler
Summary: Obesity is a common problem in women with polycystic ovaries syndrome (PCOS) and can affect fertility. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a lifestyle intervention weight loss program on endometrial gene expression during the window of implantation (WOI) in infertile women with PCOS. RNASeq analysis of endometrial samples before and after the program showed no significant differential gene expression. However, comparison with previous studies suggested that weight loss may improve endometrial receptivity, as biomarker genes associated with receptivity were further down-regulated after the program. Furthermore, 25% of women who achieved the desired weight reduction conceived spontaneously.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
M. Peigne, V Simon, P. Pigny, N. E. H. Mimouni, C. Martin, D. Dewailly, S. Catteau-Jonard, P. Giacobini
Summary: This study investigated the changes in serum concentration of total and cleaved anti-Muullerian hormone (AMH) molecular forms and androgens in women with and without PCOS before and throughout pregnancy. The results showed that women with PCOS had higher levels of total and cleaved AMH compared to controls from preconception to the third trimester of pregnancy, and higher levels of testosterone and androstenedione during pregnancy.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarantis Livadas, Rodis Paparodis, Panagiotis Anagnostis, Alessandra Gambineri, Jelica Bjekic-Macut, Tijana Petrovic, Bulent O. Yildiz, Dragan Micic, George Mastorakos, Djuro Macut
Summary: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are at higher risk for dysglycemia and type 2 diabetes compared to healthy BMI-matched women of reproductive age. The incidence of this disorder varies among studies, and there is no consensus on the best screening method and frequency. Universal screening with oral glucose tolerance test is suggested to identify and manage glycemic abnormalities in young women with PCOS, regardless of age or BMI status. Regular follow-up and lifestyle interventions, such as balanced diet and exercise, are important for this specific population.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
D. Abdulkhalikova, A. Sustarsic, E. Vrtacnik Bokal, N. Jancar, M. Jensterle, T. Burnik Papler
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of weight loss on the endometrium specific proteome, endocrine-metabolic characteristics, and motor capabilities of obese women with PCOS and infertility. The results showed increased protein abundance in certain proteins and decreased abundance in others in the endometrium after weight loss, as well as significant reductions in fasting blood glucose and free testosterone levels, and improvements in body composition and physical capacity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Flavia Tosi, Michela Villani, Matteo Migazzi, Giulia Faccin, Sabrina Garofalo, Tom Fiers, Jean-Marc Kaufman, Enzo Bonora, Paolo Moghetti
Summary: Insulin-mediated substrate use is impaired in women with PCOS regardless of phenotype, with a greater impact in individuals with the classic phenotype. Free testosterone independently contributes to abnormalities in insulin action in glucose and lipid metabolism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Flavia Tosi, Michela Villani, Matteo Migazzi, Giulia Faccin, Sabrina Garofalo, Tom Fiers, Jean-Marc Kaufman, Enzo Bonora, Paolo Moghetti
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of insulin on glucose and lipid oxidation as well as nonoxidative glucose metabolism in different PCOS phenotypes. The results show that insulin-mediated substrate use is impaired in women with PCOS, with greater dysfunction in individuals with the classic phenotype. Free testosterone plays an independent role in insulin action abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Congcong Ma, Huiyu Xu, Xianhua Zhang, Guoshuang Feng, Li Shi, Yuan Sua, Li Yang, Rongsheng Zhao, Jie Qiao
Summary: This study evaluated the role of classic and 11oxyC19 androgens in polycystic ovary morphology (PCOM) and menstrual cycle prolongation in women with PCOS. The results showed that testosterone was the most significant contributing androgen in PCOM, while androstenedione was the most significant contributing androgen in menstrual cycle prolongation. However, their contributions diminished when considering other factors, especially AMH.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice Bongrani, Ingrid Plotton, Namya Mellouk, Christelle Rame, Fabrice Guerif, Pascal Froment, Joelle Dupont
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the expression profile of androgens in the follicular fluid of PCOS patients and compare it to control women and women with only polycystic ovary morphology. The results showed that the intrafollicular concentrations of androgens synthesized by ovarian theca cells were significantly higher in PCOS patients compared to control women, and were positively correlated with PCOS clinical and biological features. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between the intrafollicular concentrations of androgens and adipokines, suggesting a close relationship between these two hormonal systems in ovarian physiology and PCOS physiopathology.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Leonard Spranger, January Weiner, Josephine Bredow, Ulrike Zeitz, Ulrike Grittner, Michael Boschmann, Sophia Dickmann, Nicole Stobaeus, Reiner Jumpertz-von Schwartzenberg, Maria Brachs, Joachim Spranger, Knut Mai
Summary: This study aims to investigate the long-term effects of weight loss and metabolism improvement on obesity, and found that the specific impact of negative energy balance or modified body composition on metabolism and weight regain is still unclear. Through a randomized controlled trial, researchers found that weight loss had effects on insulin sensitivity and lean body mass, while negative energy balance had no additional effect on insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, the adaptation of body composition and metabolism may be related to the FGFR1 signaling pathway.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Srdjan Pandurevic, Ilaria Mancini, Dimitri Mitselman, Matteo Magagnoli, Rita Teglia, Roberta Fazzeri, Paola Dionese, Carolina Cecchetti, Massimiliamo Caprio, Costanzo Moretti, Justyna Sicinska, Alessandro Agostini, Domenica Gazineo, Lea Godino, Ignacio Sajoux, Flaminia Fanelli, Cristina M. Meriggiola, Uberto Pagotto, Alessandra Gambineri
Summary: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of a very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) and a Mediterranean low-calorie diet (LCD) in obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women of a reproductive age. The results showed that the VLCKD method was more effective than the Mediterranean LCD in reducing total and visceral fat, improving hyperandrogenism, and ameliorating ovulatory dysfunction.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Flavia Tosi, Michela Villani, Sabrina Garofalo, Giulia Faccin, Enzo Bonora, Tom Fiers, Jean-Marc Kaufman, Paolo Moghetti
Summary: Serum levels of 11-oxygenated androgens are higher in women with PCOS than in controls. However, these hormones show a poor performance in recognizing women with hyperandrogenism, as currently defined. The relationships of these androgens with insulin sensitivity strongly differ from that of FT, suggesting a different role of classic and 11-oxygenated androgens in the pathophysiology of PCOS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jonathan M. Hazlehurst, Pushpa Singh, Gurkiran Bhogal, Sophie Broughton, Abd A. Tahrani
Summary: Obesity worsens the symptoms of polycystic ovarian syndrome, including infertility, and reduces the effectiveness and accessibility of fertility treatments. Weight management is crucial for the treatment of women with PCOS and obesity, but many struggle to lose weight and have limited treatment options. Current evidence does not recommend a specific dietary strategy, but pharmacotherapy and bariatric surgery can lead to significant weight loss and improve fertility. Clinicians and patients should consider personalized weight loss strategies and choose the most appropriate treatment early on to avoid unnecessary delays.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sukirti Misra, Jugal Gada, Charushila Dhole, Premlata Varthakavi, Nikhil Bhagwat
Summary: There is a lack of consensus on the optimal screening strategy for insulin resistance (IR), particularly in lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This cross-sectional study aimed to compare the glucose and insulin responses in lean and obese women with PCOS and their respective controls. The results showed that lean women with PCOS had similar glucose levels but higher insulin levels and insulin AUC compared to their controls, indicating insulin resistance. Additionally, sex hormone levels were correlated with insulin sensitivity and could be potential markers for IR in lean and obese women with PCOS.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aesha Shah, William C. Dodson, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Allen R. Kunselman, Christy M. Stetter, Carol L. Gnatuk, Stephanie J. Estes, Kelly C. Allison, David B. Sarwer, Patrick M. Sluss, Christos Coutifaris, Anuja Dokras, Richard S. Legro
Summary: Oral contraceptive pills have a significant impact on the hormones of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, but this does not correlate with live birth.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kelly C. Allison, Christina M. Hopkins, Madelyn Ruggieri, Andrea M. Spaeth, Rexford S. Ahima, Zhe Zhang, Deanne M. Taylor, Namni Goel
Summary: This study investigates the effects of delayed eating schedule compared to daytime eating schedule on weight and metabolism in adults. The results suggest that a daytime eating schedule promotes weight loss and improvements in energy metabolism and insulin levels, highlighting the efficacy of this eating pattern for real-world conditions.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Marshall T. Beauchamp, Kelly C. Allison, Jennifer D. Lundgren
Summary: This study used network analysis to examine NES symptoms and found that depressed mood, poor sleep quality, and a strong urge to eat upon awakening at night were highly central to the psychopathology network for NES.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Surgery
David B. Sarwer, Thomas A. Wadden, Rebecca L. Ashare, Jacqueline C. Spitzer, Courtney McCuen-Wurst, Caitlin LaGrotte, Noel N. Williams, Michael Edwards, Colleen Tewksbury, Jingwei Wu, Gabriel Tajeu, Kelly C. Allison
Summary: This study assessed psychosocial functioning, eating behavior, and impulsivity in patients seeking bariatric surgery and found high rates of psychopathology and related symptoms among a large, diverse sample of surgery candidates, indicating impulse control issues.
SURGERY FOR OBESITY AND RELATED DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jennifer A. Fleming, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Kristina S. Petersen, David J. Baer
Summary: Incorporating lean beef into a Mediterranean-style diet does not attenuate the reduction in lipid and lipoprotein concentrations as compared to an average American diet.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Erica M. Schulte, Tanja V. E. Kral, Kelly C. Allison
Summary: Food addiction is associated with weight gain, unhealthy eating habits, and changes in eating behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older individuals with food addiction may be at higher risk for negative consequences.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Muzi Na, Yanxiu Wang, Xinyuan Zhang, Christopher Sarpong, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Ming Gao, Aijun Xing, Shouling Wu, Xiang Gao
Summary: The DASH dietary pattern is associated with lower nighttime blood pressure variability in elderly adults, independent of sleep parameters and other factors.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Maija B. Bruzas, Jena S. Tronieri, Ariana M. Chao, Elizabeth Jones, Cooper McAllister, Kathryn Gruber, Courtney McCuen-Wurst, Robert Berkowitz, Thomas A. Wadden, Kelly C. Allison
Summary: The degree of loss of control over eating is more important than the size of binge episodes in predicting psychological and behavioral outcomes in individuals with binge eating disorder (BED). While greater loss of control is associated with more eating psychopathology and symptoms, larger binge size is linked to higher weight concern and lower quality of life, particularly in terms of general and social aspects.
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kelly C. Allison, Ariana M. Chao, Maija B. Bruzas, Courtney McCuen-Wurst, Elizabeth Jones, Cooper McAllister, Kathryn Gruber, Robert Berkowitz, Thomas A. Wadden, Jena S. Tronieri
Summary: This study assessed the efficacy of liraglutide in the treatment of binge eating disorder, and the results showed that the liraglutide group had significant reductions in binge episodes and weight. However, a significant limitation of this study was a pharmacy medication dispensing error.
OBESITY SCIENCE & PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tricia L. Hart, Kristina S. Petersen, Penny M. Kris-Etherton
Summary: A healthy eating pattern is crucial for optimal pregnancy outcomes and successful lactation. The preconception period is a critical time during which good nutrition benefits both the mother and the offspring. The presence of overweight and obesity, combined with poor nutrition, poses risks to maternal and infant health.
FERTILITY AND STERILITY
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Philip A. Sapp, Terrance M. Riley, Kristin M. Davis, Tricia Hart, Olivia Lawler
Summary: The recent rise in cardiovascular disease deaths in the USA has led to interest in identifying and implementing effective strategies to reverse this trend. Healthy lifestyle behaviors are crucial for CVD prevention, and even small changes can lower the risk. However, unhealthy behaviors may attenuate the effects of changing other lifestyle behaviors.
CURRENT ATHEROSCLEROSIS REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Kelly C. Allison, Jingwei Wu, Jacqueline C. Spitzer, Courtney McCuen-Wurst, Rebecca L. Ashare, Colleen Tewksbury, Caitlin A. LaGrotte, Thomas A. Wadden, Noel N. Williams, David B. Sarwer
Summary: This study examined the relationship between eating behaviors and weight loss following bariatric surgery. The results showed that subjective binge episodes before surgery predicted greater weight loss over the first 12 postoperative months. Postoperative disinhibition, hunger, night eating symptoms, objective binge episodes, global disordered eating attitudes and behaviors, and number of snacks per day were associated with smaller weight loss over 12 months.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kamil F. Faridi, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Karen E. Aspry
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tricia L. Hart, Kristina S. Petersen, Penny M. Kris-Etherton
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review of the effects of cottonseed oil on lipid metabolism and found that cottonseed oil can improve lipid/lipoprotein levels compared with olive oil. The predictive equations suggest that cottonseed oil can be incorporated into a healthy dietary pattern without significantly affecting lipids/lipoproteins.
