Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alessio Maria Monteleone, Jacopo Troisi, Gloria Serena, Alessio Fasano, Riccardo Dalle Grave, Giammarco Cascino, Francesca Marciello, Simona Calugi, Giovanni Scala, Giulio Corrivetti, Palmiero Monteleone
Summary: Alterations in the gut microbiome and fecal metabolites were found in anorexia nervosa (AN), with differences seen between those with restricting AN (ANR) and binge-purging AN (ANBP) types. ANBP patients showed significant differences in microbial abundances and metabolites compared to ANR patients. Despite small sample size, this study confirms the occurrence of distinct gut dysbiosis in ANR and ANBP, showcasing different connections between gut microorganisms and fecal metabolites in the two AN types.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Yuko Yamamiya, Christopher David Desjardins, Eric Stice
Summary: The sequencing of eating disorder symptom emergence for adolescent girls who subsequently developed various eating disorders was characterized in this study. Compensatory weight-control behaviors and weight/shape overvaluation were found to typically emerge before other prodromal symptoms in all eating disorders during adolescence. Different prodromal symptoms were also found to predict future onset of different eating disorders. Screening and prevention programs targeting these prodromal symptoms may be effective in preventing future onset of eating disorders.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Nathalie Auger, Howard Steiger, Thuy Mai Luu, Nicholas Chadi, Nancy Low, Marianne Bilodeau-Bertrand, Jessica Healy-Profitos, Aimina Ayoub, Emilie Brousseau, Mimi Israel
Summary: This study examined the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on child eating disorder hospitalizations in Quebec, Canada. The findings revealed an increase in hospitalization rates for eating disorders, particularly during the first and second waves of the pandemic. Girls aged 10-19 were most affected, but boys and individuals from different socioeconomic backgrounds were also impacted.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Margaret Sala, Ani Keshishian, Sarah Song, Rivka Moskowitz, Cynthia M. Bulik, Corey R. Roos, Cheri A. Levinson
Summary: In this meta-analysis of 35 papers, we found that receiving a higher level of care, having psychiatric comorbidity, and higher severity of ED psychopathology were associated with a higher likelihood of relapse in eating disorders. Conversely, higher leptin levels, higher meal energy density/variety, higher motivation for change, higher body mass index/weight/body fat, better response to treatment, anorexia nervosa-restricting subtype diagnosis, and older age of ED onset were associated with a lower likelihood of relapse. Various moderators were also identified.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Stuart B. Murray, Kyle T. Ganson, Jonathan Chu, Kay Jann, Jason M. Nagata
Summary: This study assessed the prevalence of eating disorders among 10 to 11-year-old children in the United States and found that binge eating disorder (BED) is the most common subtype in this age group.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lisa Brelet, Valentin Flaudias, Michel Desert, Sebastien Guillaume, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Yves Boirie
Summary: Research on stigmatization in eating disorders has shown that individuals with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder face stereotypes, prejudices, and discrimination, which are influenced by demographic factors like age, gender, and income level. This stigma has negative effects on individuals' eating disorders, psychological wellbeing, and treatment-seeking behavior, highlighting the need for further research and prevention efforts.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valeria Calcaterra, Vittoria Carlotta Magenes, Francesca Siccardo, Chiara Hruby, Martina Basso, Veronica Conte, Giulia Maggioni, Valentina Fabiano, Susanna Russo, Pierangelo Veggiotti, Gianvincenzo Zuccotti
Summary: Eating disorders are common in adolescents and young adults, particularly in girls. There is a relationship between eating disorders and obesity, and thyroid function plays a significant role in weight control. Continuous monitoring of thyroid function is necessary for patients with eating disorders to prevent severe complications.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Tyler B. Mason, Elin Lantz Lesser, Anna R. Dolgon-Krutolow, Stephen A. Wonderlich, Kathryn E. Smith
Summary: Existing data suggests deficits in social cognitive functioning are observed across different forms of psychopathology, with a focus on eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa. Studies indicate some deficiencies in social cognition in EDs, particularly in anorexia nervosa. However, research on bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder is limited and inconsistent, warranting further investigation.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael J. Butler, Alexis A. Perrini, Lisa A. Eckel
Summary: Alterations in the gut microbiome and immune system may play a role in maintaining and exacerbating eating behavior dysregulation in disorders like anorexia and bulimia, and could potentially serve as biomarkers for increased risk of developing these eating disorders. Research focuses on studying gut dysbiosis, peripheral inflammation, and neuroinflammation in each disorder, as well as exploring data from preclinical rodent models to better understand the biological mechanisms underlying eating disorders. This knowledge is crucial for developing novel and effective treatments for these often difficult-to-treat eating disorders.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Isabel Krug, Sarah Elizabeth Giles, Roser Granero, Zaida Aguera, Isabel Sanchez, Jessica Sanchez-Gonzalez, Susana Jimenez-Murcia, Fernando Fernandez-Aranda
Summary: The study found that PD is a clinically significant disorder, which is more similar to BN than it is to AN and the other ED subtypes.
EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Giovanni Castellini, Saverio Caini, Emanuele Cassioli, Eleonora Rossi, Giorgia Marchesoni, Francesco Rotella, Nora De Bonfioli Cavalcabo, Miriam Fontana, Barbara Mezzani, Brunetto Alterini, Stefano Lucarelli, Valdo Ricca
Summary: This study aimed to compare the mortality rate of eating disorder (ED) patients in central Italy with that of the age and gender-matched general population. The results showed that the mortality rate among ED patients did not significantly differ from the general population, except for those with bulimia nervosa (BN) who had a significantly increased mortality rate after 10 years from clinical evaluation.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maria Rachele Ceccarini, Simona Fittipaldi, Cinzia Ciccacci, Erika Granese, Federica Centofanti, Laura Dalla Ragione, Matteo Bertelli, Tommaso Beccari, Annalisa Botta
Summary: Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are the most common eating disorders. This study found associations between certain genetic variations in the DRD2 and DRD4 genes and the susceptibility to these disorders. The study also identified specific genetic combinations as risk factors for developing eating disorders and certain psychopathological features.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Mario Miniati, Francesca Marzetti, Laura Palagini, Donatella Marazziti, Graziella Orru, Ciro Conversano, Angelo Gemignani
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic may exacerbate or trigger eating disorders, with changes in physical activity routines, food access limitations, restricted healthcare facilities, social isolation, and conflicts in relationships all contributing to worsening symptoms in predisposed individuals. These findings highlight the negative impact of COVID-19 on eating disorders and related quality of life.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Psychiatry
Tomoko Udo, Carlos M. Grilo
Summary: This review article summarizes the latest research on eating disorders based on the National Epidemiological Studies on Alcohol and Related Conditions, Third Wave. It highlights the significance of the research and the need for appropriate resources and policies.
CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Alexandra F. Muratore, Evelyn Attia
Summary: The present review consolidates the most recent findings on pharmacological treatment of three eating disorders, including anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). Recent research suggests that olanzapine demonstrates positive effects on weight gain among outpatients with AN. Fluoxetine is FDA-approved for BN treatment, and lisdexamfetamine is FDA-approved for BED treatment. BN and BED also generally respond well to SSRIs prescribed off-label.
CURRENT PSYCHIATRY REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Hidekazu Kato, Hiroki Kimura, Itaru Kushima, Nagahide Takahashi, Branko Aleksic, Norio Ozaki
Summary: Schizophrenia is a complex and chronic psychiatric disorder with a high heritability. Despite the lack of diagnostic tests or biomarkers, genetic research has made significant progress in our understanding of the genetic architecture of schizophrenia, including rare copy number variations (CNVs), rare single-nucleotide variants (SNVs), and common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). These genetic variants play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. New approaches such as CRISPR-based genetics and induced pluripotent stem cell technology can help further study the functional analysis of these variants. These advancements will contribute to the development of pathology-based therapeutics and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Tzuyao Lo, Itaru Kushima, Branko Aleksic, Akira Yoshimi, Toshiyuki Someya, Yuichiro Watanabe, Norio Ozaki
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
K. Suzuki, N. Nishio, H. Kimura, T. Tokura, S. Kishi, N. Ozaki, Y. Fujimoto, M. Sone
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the changes in quality of life and psychological distress in patients with tongue cancer undergoing different surgeries. The results showed that patients who underwent total/subtotal glossectomy (TG) had worse general health and social functioning, as well as higher levels of depression, compared to those who underwent extended hemiglossectomy (HG) with free flap transfer. This suggests that patients in the TG group may experience social isolation and psychological distress even 12 months after surgery, while patients in the HG group had similar outcomes to the general population.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rinako Tanaka, Jingzhu Liao, Kazuhiro Hada, Daisuke Mori, Taku Nagai, Tetsuo Matsuzaki, Toshitaka Nabeshima, Kozo Kaibuchi, Norio Ozaki, Hiroyuki Mizoguchi, Kiyofumi Yamada
Summary: Copy-number variations in the ARHGAP10 gene are associated with schizophrenia. Model mice with double-hit mutations in the Arhgap10 gene exhibit schizophrenia-like symptoms, such as altered spine density and cognitive dysfunction. The study found that the activation of the RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling pathway is involved in these symptoms. Fasudil, a Rho-kinase inhibitor, can ameliorate the symptoms in the model mice.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Shusei Arafuka, Hirotaka Sekiguchi, Hiroshige Fujishiro, Shuji Iritani, Youta Torii, Chikako Habuchi, Mari Yoshida, Yasushi Iwasaki, Norio Ozaki, Kiyoshi Fujita
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Masahiro Ohgidani, Itaru Kushima, Shogo Inamine, Sota Kyuragi, Noriaki Sagata, Tomohiro Nakao, Shigenobu Kanba, Norio Ozaki, Takahiro A. Kato
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Youta Torii, Shuji Iritani, Hiroshige Fujishiro, Hirotaka Sekiguchi, Chikako Habuchi, Toshimasa Ikeda, Mari Yoshida, Yasushi Iwasaki, Norio Ozaki, Kunihiro Kawashima
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hiroshige Fujishiro, Shusei Arafuka, Kazuyoshi Ogasawara, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Seiko Miyata, Youta Torii, Shuji Iritani, Norio Ozaki
Article
Neurosciences
Hiroki Kimura, Itaru Kushima, Masahiro Banno, Toshiya Inada, Akira Yoshimi, Branko Aleksic, Norio Ozaki
Summary: This article reports detailed clinical cases of four patients with schizophrenia and 16p13.11 duplication, with one patient having treatment-resistant schizophrenia and an additional pathogenic rare CNV. Two of the four patients had potential environmental risk factors. The results suggest that a genetic cohort study would be useful in understanding the variable expressivity of 16p13.11 duplication and elucidating the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Sawako Furukawa, Itaru Kushima, Branko Aleksic, Norio Ozaki
Summary: This study identifies a strong association between 15q13.3 deletions and autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and mood disorder. Whole-genome sequencing of two siblings with autism revealed several rare missense variants in brain-expressed genes, which may explain the phenotypic differences within the family.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Kunihiro Iwamoto, Tetsuo Nakabayashi, Akiko Yamaguchi, Yuki Konishi, Momoe Saji, Reiji Yoshimura, Kousuke Kanemoto, Hirofumi Aoki, Masahiko Ando, Norio Ozaki
Summary: In December 2022, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW) issued a guideline in Japan for evaluating the impact of psychotropic drugs on driving performance. The guideline provides specific evaluation methods for pharmacological studies, neuropsychological tests for pharmacodynamic studies, and situations that require driving studies. It is important to consider the effects of medications on driving performance as it can impact patients' social functioning. The MHLW guideline differs from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guideline in terms of background and approach to drug development strategies.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Seiko Miyata, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Norio Ozaki
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Kazuyuki Nakagome, Manabu Makinodan, Mitsuhiro Uratani, Masaki Kato, Norio Ozaki, Seiko Miyata, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Naoki Hashimoto, Atsuhito Toyomaki, Kazuo Mishima, Masaya Ogasawara, Masahiro Takeshima, Kazumichi Minato, Toshikazu Fukami, Mari Oba, Kazuyoshi Takeda, Hideki Oi
Summary: This study investigated the feasibility of estimating mental health status using a wrist-worn wearable device that measures movement and optical pulse photoplethysmography (PPG). The results showed significant correlations between heart rate variability (HRV) and heart rate (HR) with mental health status in the wake after sleep onset stage within 3 days of assessment. The conclusion was that using a wearable device to measure HR and HRV can serve as an objective assessment of mental health status.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
Seiko Miyata, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Ippei Okada, Akihiro Fujimoto, Yuki Kogo, Manabu Amano, Nao Matsuyama, Norio Ozaki
Article
Optics
G. Cristoforetti, P. Koester, S. Atzeni, D. Batani, S. Fujioka, Y. Hironaka, S. Huller, T. Idesaka, K. Katagiri, K. Kawasaki, R. Kodama, D. Mancelli, Ph. Nicolai, N. Ozaki, A. Schiavi, K. Shigemori, R. Takizawa, T. Tamagawa, D. Tanaka, A. Tentori, Y. Umeda, A. Yogo, L. A. Gizzi
Summary: The interaction between laser and plasma as well as the generation of hot electrons were studied in an experiment relevant to direct-drive inertial confinement fusion. High-energy electrons with temperatures of 20-50 keV were mainly produced by the damping of electron plasma waves driven by two-plasmon decay (TPD). Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) was observed in a near-threshold growth regime and described by an analytical model, indicating a more vigorous growth driven by multiple beams compared to single-beam laser intensity.
HIGH POWER LASER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
