Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stefanie N. Hinkle, Enrique F. Schisterman, Danping Liu, Anna Z. Pollack, Edwina H. Yeung, Sunni L. Mumford, Katherine L. Grantz, Yan Qiao, Neil J. Perkins, James L. Mills, Pauline Mendola, Cuilin Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the association between pregnancy complications and total and cause-specific mortality, as well as the differences between Black and White pregnant participants. The results showed that Black pregnant participants had a higher incidence of pregnancy complications, and the associations between different complications and mortality risk differed between Black and White participants.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Huifeng Shi, Yuanhui Jiang, Pengbo Yuan, Lian Chen, Xiaoli Gong, Yike Yang, Yuanyuan Wang, Hai Jiang, You Li, Mengxing Sun, Yangyu Zhao, Yuan Wei
Summary: This study revealed a non-linear association between vitamin E concentrations in the first trimester and gestational vitamin E change with pre-eclampsia. The findings showed that vitamin E concentrations below 7.3 mg/L and gestational decrease were associated with increased risk of pre-eclampsia.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jieun Kang, Sangwon Hwang, Taesic Lee, Kwangjin Ahn, Dong Min Seo, Seong Jin Choi, Young Uh
Summary: The prediction of pre-eclampsia is important, but current biomarkers face challenges in clinical settings. This study found that incorporating serum creatinine levels and considering renal hyperfiltration significantly improved PE prediction. The developed model is practical and can be easily applied in primary care settings.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sebastian Ivan Grondona, Maria Lourdes Lima, Hector Enrique Massone, Karina Silvia Beatriz Miglioranza
Summary: Agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean is the biggest user of water and pesticides globally. A systematic review found that only six countries in the region have information on pesticides in groundwater. The study detected a total of 70 agrochemicals, with herbicides being the most commonly detected. Factors such as preferential flows, rainfall variations, and land use practices contribute to the presence of these contaminants in aquifers. The limited analytical capacity in the region calls for groundwater pesticide monitoring to reduce health risks to humans and ecosystems.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Danielle A. Wallace, Kathryn Reid, William A. Grobman, Francesca L. Facco, Robert M. Silver, Grace W. Pien, Judette Louis, Phyllis C. Zee, Susan Redline, Tamar Sofer
Summary: Shift work, especially evening shift work, during pregnancy is associated with increased odds of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and this relationship may be mediated by variability in sleep timing.
Article
Physiology
Ziwei Li, Qi Xu, Ge Sun, Runqing Jia, Lin Yang, Guoli Liu, Dongmei Hao, Song Zhang, Yimin Yang, Xuwen Li, Xinyu Zhang, Cuiting Lian
Summary: This study selected model parameters related to pre-eclampsia based on four types of risk factors, and built a dynamic gestational week prediction model using machine learning, achieving high accuracy and predictability.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yemisrach B. Okwaraji, Lorena Suarez-Idueta, Eric O. Ohuma, Ellen Bradley, Judith Yargawa, Veronica Pingray, Gabriela Cormick, Adrienne Gordon, Vicki Flenady, Erzsebet Horvath-Puho, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Luule Sakkeus, Liili Abuladze, Mohammed Heidarzadeh, Narjes Khalili, Khalid A. Yunis, Ayah Al Bizri, Shamala D. Karalasingam, Ravichandran Jeganathan, Arturo Barranco, Aimee E. van Dijk, Lisa Broeders, Fawzya Alyafei, Mai Alqubaisi, Neda Razaz, Jonas Soderling, Lucy K. Smith, Ruth J. Matthews, Rachael Wood, Kirsten Monteath, Isabel Pereyra, Gabriella Pravia, Sarka Lisonkova, Qi Wen, Joy E. Lawn, Hannah Blencowe
Summary: This study examines the impact of preterm birth and size-for-gestational age on stillbirths using six different "newborn types". The findings reveal that nearly three-quarters of stillbirths are preterm, while one-fifth are small-for-gestational-age. The combination of preterm and small-for-gestational-age births is associated with the highest stillbirth rates.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xue-Fei Liu, Meng-Die Li, Jing-Jing Lu, Ying Li, An-Rong Zeng, Jin-Wei Qiang
Summary: This study investigates the use of MRI, MRS, and serum metabolomics to differentiate between pre-eclampsia (PE) and gestational hypertension (GH). Increased T1 signal intensity index (T1SI), lactate/creatine (Lac/Cr), and glutamine and glutamate (Glx)/Cr, as well as decreased apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and myo-inositol (mI)/Cr, were found in PE patients. Combination of Lac/Cr, Glx/Cr, and mI/Cr showed the highest differentiating performance. Serum metabolomics analysis identified 12 differential metabolites associated with various metabolic pathways. MRS is expected to be a noninvasive and effective tool for monitoring GH patients to avoid the development of PE.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rory J. Heath, Susanna Klevebro, Thomas R. Wood
Summary: The N3 and N6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are essential for proper neurodevelopment in early life. This review suggests that feed comprising 0.3% DHA and 0.6% AA may be associated with more positive neurodevelopmental outcomes in premature infants compared to LCPUFA-deplete feed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
V. GIORGIONE, O. QUINTERO MENDEZ, A. PINAS, W. ANSLEY, B. THILAGANATHAN
Summary: Preterm birth (PTB) is a major public health issue worldwide, and this study aimed to investigate whether there is a shared uteroplacental etiology in PTB subtypes during the first trimester of pregnancy. The analysis found that factors used to predict preterm PE risk could also be used to predict PTB at < 33 weeks, suggesting a shared etiological pathway for preterm births.
ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
I. Dhaifalah, E. Magalova, D. Studnykova, J. Havalova, E. Slintakova, H. Cuckle
Summary: This study assesses the performance and impact of first-trimester preterm pre-eclampsia screening in a single center. The results show a high detection rate but further evaluation is needed to determine the impact on the condition.
ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilona Jaszczuk, Izabela Winkler, Dorota Koczkodaj, Maciej Skrzypczak, Agata Filip
Summary: This review article analyzes the role of C19MC miRNA in the development of pre-eclampsia and summarizes the current research data. The results indicate that C19MC miRNAs are significantly upregulated in placental tissue of pre-eclampsia patients and can be detected in high levels in the blood. Among them, miR-525-5p shows low expression in the plasma of the first trimester. By identifying these miRNAs, it may be possible to predict the development of pre-eclampsia before the onset of clinical symptoms, thereby avoiding serious complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samson Gebremedhin, Tilahun Bekele
Summary: In sub-Saharan Africa, pregnant women on average gain inadequate weight (6.6 kg) over pregnancy, with the most significant weight gain occurring in the second and third trimesters. Women with higher education and from wealthier households tend to have higher gestational weight gain. Recent data does not show significant improvements in gestational weight gain in sub-Saharan Africa.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sebastian Rolando Ayala-Beas, Yony Edwin Rodriguez Minaya
Summary: The study demonstrates the positive effects of public health expenditure on reducing infant mortality and increasing life expectancy, while private health expenditure only impacts the latter metric. These findings have important policy implications for countries with limited fiscal space in the post-pandemic era.
REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gustavo Werutsky, Gustavo Goessling, Rodrigo Azevedo Pellegrini, Gustavo Alberto Sandival Ampuero, Taiane Rebelatto
Summary: The incidence of cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean is increasing annually and is expected to reach 2.4 million new cases by 2040. Cancer has become the leading cause of premature death in most countries in this region and is the second leading cause of death regardless of the country's socioeconomic status. Compared to other countries globally, LAC countries have moderate income levels and a moderate availability of radiotherapy machines per capita. Unequal access to optimal care and the impact of health insurance type on patients' diagnosis and outcomes have been identified as issues in LAC. The cancer burden in LAC countries is a significant public health concern with considerable socioeconomic implications.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yingze Tian, Xiaoning Wang, Peng Zhao, Zongbo Shi, Roy M. Harrison
Summary: A Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) model was used to analyze the sources of PM2.5 in Chengdu, China. The study compared the sensitivity of the model with different organic source profiles and the use of organic and inorganic markers. The results showed that PM2.5 concentrations from various sources had good agreement between the two methods, but the contributions of sulfate and nitrate sources were more sensitive to the choice of model due to the absence of inorganic ions in the organic marker model.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria Elisa Quinteros, Estela Blanco, Janeet Sanabria, Felipe Rosas-Diaz, Carola A. Blazquez, Salvador Ayala, Juan Pablo Cardenas-R, Elizabeth A. Stone, Keely Sybesma, Juana Maria Delgado-Saborit, Roy M. Harrison, Pablo Ruiz-Rudolph
Summary: This study investigates the air pollution problem caused by residential wood heating in Temuco, a city in Southern Chile. The concentrations of PM2.5, levoglucosan, and K-sol were found to be particularly high in winter. The ratios of levoglucosan and K-sol to PM2.5 were lower in summer. Spatial clustering analysis revealed that some neighborhoods with higher ratios were associated with lower socioeconomic status and possibly lower quality stoves.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pedro Trechera, Meritxell Garcia-Marles, Xiansheng Liu, Cristina Reche, Noemi Perez, Marjan Savadkoohi, David Beddows, Imre Salma, Mate Vorosmarty, Andrea Casans, Juan Andres Casquero-Vera, Christoph Hueglin, Nicolas Marchand, Benjamin Chazeau, Gregory Gille, Panayiotis Kalkavouras, Nikos Mihalopoulos, Jakub Ondracek, Nadia Zikova, Jarkko V. Niemi, Hanna E. Manninen, David C. Green, Anja H. Tremper, Michael Norman, Stergios Vratolis, Konstantinos Eleftheriadis, Francisco J. Gomez-Moreno, Elisabeth Alonso-Blanco, Holger Gerwig, Alfred Wiedensohler, Kay Weinhold, Maik Merkel, Susanne Bastian, Jean-Eudes Petit, Olivier Favez, Suzanne Crumeyrolle, Nicolas Ferlay, Sebastiao Martins Dos Santos, Jean-Philippe Putaud, Hilkka Timonen, Janne Lampilahti, Christof Asbach, Carmen Wolf, Heinz Kaminski, Hicran Altug, Barbara Hoffmann, David Q. Rich, Marco Pandolfi, Roy M. Harrison, Philip K. Hopke, Tuukka Petaja, Andres Alastuey, Xavier Querol
Summary: This study evaluated the hourly particle number size distributions (PNSD) from 26 sites in Europe and 1 in the US, focusing on urban background (UB) and traffic (TR) sites. The objective was to describe the characteristics of urban ultrafine particles (UFP) in Europe. The results showed variations in PNC and BC across different regions and site types, with traffic emissions being a major contributor. The study emphasized the need for specific monitoring of PNSD and measurements of <10 nm PNC for assessing the health effects of nanoparticles.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vasileios N. Matthaios, Daniel Rooney, Roy M. Harrison, Petros Koutrakis, William J. Bloss
Summary: This study measures the NO2 exposure inside vehicles under real-world driving conditions and evaluates the effectiveness of different filters in reducing in-vehicle NO2 levels. The results show that replacing the previous filters with new activated carbon cabin filters can significantly reduce NO2 exposure. However, the removal efficiency of the activated carbon filters decreases over time.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Renato Camilleri, Christopher Stark, Alfred J. Vella, Roy M. Harrison, Noel J. Aquilina
Summary: Three microwave-assisted digestion procedures combined with ICP-MS were evaluated for the determination of trace and ultra-trace elements in PM2.5 samples. The addition of HF/H3BO3 aided the dissolution of silicate matrices and refractory compounds. The optimized method using HNO3/HF/H3BO3 digestion showed recovery efficiency greater than 70% for all elements. The validated method was applied to quantify elemental content in indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples in Malta.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Estela Blanco, Pablo Ruiz-Rudolph, Karla Yohannessen, Salvador Ayala, Maria Elisa Quinteros, Juana Maria Delgado-Saborit, Carola A. Blazquez, Veronica Iglesias, Diana Alcantara Zapata, Suzanne E. Bartington, Roy M. Harrison, Ximena Ossa
Summary: Understanding the temporal and spatial trends in pregnancy and birth outcomes is essential for monitoring the health indicators of a population. A retrospective cohort study was conducted on all births in a public hospital in the city of Temuco, Chile between 2009 and 2016. The study examined changes in adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes over time, identified spatial clusters of birth events, and explored the correlation between neighborhood deprivation and outcomes. The results showed both decreases and increases in adverse outcomes, with some clusters and correlations observed.
JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aurea Cartanya-Hueso, Benito de Celis Alonso, Silvia Sandra Hidalgo Tobon, America Liliana Miranda Lora, Miguel Kluender Klunder, Briceida Lopez Martinez, Pilar Dies Suarez, Eduardo Barragan Perez, Po-Wah So, Juana Maria Delgado-Saborit
Summary: This study examines the association between greenspace exposure and cognitive performance in pre-pubertal boys living in Mexico City. The results show that greater exposure to greenness is positively associated with higher perceptual reasoning skills. These findings suggest the importance of increasing vegetation in urban areas, especially in neighborhoods with young children.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mikel Subiza-Perez, Gonzalo Garcia-Baquero, Ana Fernandez-Somoano, Isolina Riano, Llucia Gonzalez, Juana Maria Delgado-Saborit, Monica Guxens, Serena Fossati, Martine Vrijheid, Amanda Fernandes, Jesus Ibarluzea, Nerea Lertxundi
Summary: The availability of green and blue spaces in residential areas is related to children's mental health, but this association is not evenly distributed among socio-economic groups. This study did not find significant associations between green and blue spaces and mental health in children.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Brian Stacey, Roy M. Harrison, Francis D. Pope
Summary: This study found high concentrations of ultrafine particles (UFP) at Heathrow Airport in London, exceeding the exposure limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO). Departing aircraft, particularly larger ones, were found to have the highest UFP emission rates. The number of passengers carried also influenced emission rates per passenger. Calculated emission rates were higher than literature values due to the inclusion of condensable particles in the measurements. The study suggests that UFP concentrations beyond the airport boundary may also be of concern, and assessing population exposure near airports will become increasingly important in the future.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
James Brean, Alex Rowell, David C. S. Beddows, Zongbo Shi, Roy M. Harrison
Summary: New particle formation (NPF) is a significant source of particulate matter during haze events. Reductions in emissions of air pollutants, especially NPF precursors, are expected due to global efforts towards carbon neutrality or net-zero.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
James Brean, David C. S. Beddows, Roy M. M. Harrison, Congbo Song, Peter Tunved, Johan Strom, Radovan Krejci, Eyal Freud, Andreas Massling, Henrik Skov, Eija Asmi, Angelo Lupi, Manuel Dall'Osto
Summary: The Arctic is undergoing rapid changes, including the formation of new particles from gas-phase precursors. Previous studies have examined the new particle formation (NPF) process at various Arctic sites, but there has been no coordinated analysis of all sites simultaneously. In this study, particle formation and growth rates were analyzed at six long-term ground-based stations in the Arctic. The results showed that NPF frequency and particle formation rates were highest at Svalbard and lowest in the High Arctic. The analysis also revealed variations in growth rates and vapor source rates between sites. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding geographical variations in surface types in order to fully understand NPF processes in the Arctic.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Maria Elisa Quinteros, Carola Blazquez, Salvador Ayala, Dylan Kilby, Juan Pablo Cardenas-R, Ximena Ossa, Felipe Rosas-Diaz, Elizabeth A. Stone, Estela Blanco, Juana-Maria Delgado-Saborit, Roy M. Harrison, Pablo Ruiz-Rudolph
Summary: Air pollution caused by biomass burning is a significant public health issue. This study developed spatial-temporal land use regression models to predict the concentrations of fine particulate matter and wood-burning tracers. The models were used to estimate exposure for an epidemiological study.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
