Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nadia Giuffrida, Mario Binetti, Salvatore Viscio, Michele Ottomanelli
Summary: Currently, approximately 75% of the European population lives in urban areas, and this percentage is expected to increase in the future. With the expansion of cities, there is a growing need for transportation to reach daily facilities. Easy access to education, healthcare, recreational activities, and job opportunities is essential for promoting social inclusion. Spatial planning plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between residents in the city center and those in the suburbs. Public transport planning, in particular, should ensure that people have access to essential services, providing opportunities similar to private vehicles. This study presents a simplified quantitative method for considering equity in transit network design and assessment, taking into account population characteristics and accessibility to key opportunities. The validity of the indicators is tested through a case study in the Apulia region of Italy. This approach can serve as a foundation for more complex transport-network design optimizations focused on social inclusion in urban areas.
Article
Economics
Carlos Kaue Braga, Carlos Felipe Grangeiro Loureiro, Rafael H. M. Pereira
Summary: Urban accessibility by public transport has gained increasing attention, but many studies overlook inaccuracies and variability in scheduled levels of service and travel time, leading to unrealistic or biased results. This study corrects GTFS timetables with historical GPS data and finds that inaccuracy underestimates accessibility by 1.5% on average, with over or underestimation of more than 40% in some areas, particularly impacting low-income regions. The study also shows that the variability of travel times has an average impact of 50% on accessibility estimates, increasing accessibility inequality by 30%. These findings highlight the importance of considering inaccuracy and variability issues in public transport travel times for estimating accessibility levels and evaluating transport projects.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Urban Studies
Taina A. Bittencourt, Mariana Giannotti
Summary: Inequalities in access to opportunities are shaped by socio-spatial structures and urban development, particularly in central and peripheral countries. While travel costs relative to income have a smaller impact on job accessibility in developed countries, they significantly limit opportunities in peripheral and developing countries. Additionally, social class and historical development trajectories play major roles in determining accessibility levels for different racial and ethnic groups.
Article
Environmental Studies
Andres Dominguez, Hernan Enriquez Sierra, Nicolas Cuervo Ballesteros
Summary: This study analyzes land occupation and the distribution of land uses in Bogota and 17 municipalities through a methodology that models the spatial structure of the territory based on employment concentrations. The results show a higher probability of commercial uses within urban areas and a relocation of industrial activity towards rural areas in some municipalities.
Article
Environmental Studies
Chen Chen
Summary: This study presents an equity-oriented spatial quantitative analysis method to assist in the planning of public service facility layouts. Using Shanghai city center as a case study, the research explores the relationship between public service demand and supply and discusses various approaches to enhancing equity.
Article
Environmental Studies
Els Verachtert, Inge Mayeres, Karolien Vermeiren, Maarten Van der Meulen, Marlies Vanhulsel, Geoffrey Vanderstraeten, Isabelle Loris, Geert Mertens, Guy Engelen, Lien Poelmans
Summary: The Flemish region in Belgium is facing issues such as excessive land use, fragmented urban development, and traffic congestion. The Flemish government has set the goal of reducing land take to zero by 2040 and guiding future urban development according to the Transit-Oriented Development planning model. This paper proposes a method to map the urban development potential area-wide and assist spatial planners in implementing these planning principles.
Article
Business
Jhair Manrique, Ruben Cordera, Emilio G. Moreno, Borja Alonso Orena
Summary: The development of the Bucaramanga Metropolitan Area without considering transportation has led to congestion and an increase in illegal mobility. This research proposes a method to analyze the accessibility of public transportation and evaluate the territorial modeling.
RESEARCH IN TRANSPORTATION BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
M. S. Alam, N. J. Tabassum, A. I. Tokey
Summary: This study measures the spatial accessibility to healthcare services by public transport in the six largest cities of Ohio based on population, and compares the accessibility of healthcare to vulnerable demographic groups. The findings show that vulnerable census tracts in these cities have the lowest accessibility levels, indicating a lack of vertical equity and average accessibility.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Zhongqi Wang, Qi Han, Bauke De Vries
Summary: This study aims to integrate land use and transport considerations to support urban land use planning. The concept of maximizing accessibility fitness and the development of accessibility maps are introduced, and a decision support system is built, emphasizing urban renewal and upgrading.
APPLIED SPATIAL ANALYSIS AND POLICY
(2022)
Article
Economics
Bogdan Kapatsila, Manuel Santana Palacios, Emily Grise, Ahmed El-Geneidy
Summary: There is a lack of consensus on the theoretical framework for assessing accessibility in transport and land-use systems. This study compares a simple cumulative measure with advanced gravity-based measures to determine if the former can be a substitute for the latter. The results indicate a high correlation between the two measures, suggesting that cumulative accessibility can be reliable and widely adopted for evaluating transport and land use interactions in North American cities.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Transportation
Fereshteh Faghihinejad, MohammadMehdi Zoghifard, Amir Mohammadian Amiri, Saeed Monajem
Summary: The present study aims to evaluate the distribution of public transport access based on principles of vertical equity. Traffic analysis zones (TAZs) are analyzed to compare transit demand with the existing distribution of network benefits. The framework utilizes the concept of connectivity power to measure the supply distribution of a transit system, while demand is measured using a weighted average of four social indicators. The study applied this framework to Tehran's comprehensive transit network and proposed diagonal and radial lines to improve transportation accessibility.
TRANSPORTATION LETTERS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Saeid Nazari Adli, Subeh Chowdhury
Summary: This review discusses the importance of social justice in public transit planning, highlights the limitations of current methods and frameworks, and provides a framework that incorporates just theories to evaluate the accessibility of transit systems for low-income populations.
Article
Environmental Studies
Asif Raza, Muhammad Safdar, Ming Zhong, John Douglas Hunt
Summary: Accessibility refers to the ease of reaching opportunities, and it has significant implications for the viability and sustainability of cities. Many studies have evaluated accessibility using static models, which may lead to biased or misleading results. This study evaluates the impact of mode-dependent accessibility on the location choice behaviors of households and commercial activities in Wuhan, China, and finds that mode-dependent accessibility has a significant influence on these activities. The findings suggest that highly accessible locations are more appealing for households and commercial activities.
Article
Economics
Ignacio Tiznado-Aitken, Juan Carlos Munoz, Ricardo Hurtubia
Summary: This paper proposes a methodology to analyze access to opportunities through public transport, incorporating user valuation and competition for urban opportunities. The study finds that including competition has a greater impact on improving accessibility to educational opportunities.
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT GEOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rashid A. Mushkani, Haruka Ono
Summary: Accessibility, size of land area, design quality, and amenities provision are key factors in promoting ecological spatial equity within cities. The study in Kabul City revealed that current parks cover a small area, with most lacking desired amenities for users.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
A. Potgieter, I. N. Fabris-Rotelli, Z. Kimmie, N. Dudeni-Tlhone, J. P. Holloway, C. Janse van Rensburg, R. N. Thiede, P. Debba, R. Manjoo-Docrat, N. Abdelatif, S. Khuluse-Makhanya
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed people's lives globally, emphasizing the importance of studying human mobility patterns for understanding virus transmission. This paper compares different mobility data sources and provides insights on when to choose a particular data source through hierarchical clustering analysis.
FRONTIERS IN BIG DATA
(2021)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Renata Eccles, Jeannie van der Linde, Mia le Roux, Jenny Hollovvay, Douglas MacCutcheon, Robert Ljung, De Wet Swanepoel
Summary: The study identified medium strength correlations between phonological awareness and pitch, rhythm, and speech-in-noise discrimination in children aged 5-7 years old. Pitch and diotic digit-in-noise discrimination were found to be the strongest predictors of phoneme-grapheme correspondence.
LANGUAGE SPEECH AND HEARING SERVICES IN SCHOOLS
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Renata Eccles, Jeannie van der Linde, Mia le Roux, Jenny Holloway, Douglas MacCutcheon, Robert Ljung, De Wet Swanepoel
Summary: Multiple studies have shown that music instruction can improve phonological awareness and early literacy skills in children, but varying results require at least one academic year of exposure to conclude the effects.
EARLY CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND CARE
(2021)
Article
Transportation
Louis Waldeck, Jenny Holloway, Quintin Van Heerden
JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT AND LAND USE
(2020)
Article
Economics
Tomas Rossetti, Ricardo A. Daziano
Summary: This study investigates the changes in crowding multipliers for subway, ridehailing, and microtransit in New York City during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The results show that post-pandemic crowding multipliers are either similar or lower than during the pandemic, depending on the transportation mode and masking compliance. Vaccination requirements did not significantly impact respondents' choices, but respondents were willing to pay to reduce their transportation mode's carbon footprint. The study suggests that commuters' aversion to crowding will gradually decrease, but it remains uncertain whether crowding multipliers will return to pre-pandemic levels or establish a new normal.
Article
Economics
Utsav Panta, Pranav Gairola, N. Nezamuddin
Summary: Electric buses are being considered as an important part of future urban transportation systems due to concerns regarding environmental pollution, greenhouse gas emissions, and depleting petroleum resources. However, the transition process requires substantial financial resources. To assist decision-making within financial constraints, an optimization framework has been developed. This framework focuses on maximizing the benefit-to-cost ratio by evaluating fuel savings and emissions reduction when transitioning to electric buses. The framework has been tested in Delhi, India and suggests that at least 30% of the electricity should come from clean energy sources to maximize the environmental benefits of bus electrification. This framework is an important tool for public transit agencies in planning the initial phases of bus electrification.
Article
Economics
Hossain Mohiuddin, Dillon T. Fitch-Polse, Susan L. Handy
Summary: As bike-share systems spread in the US, understanding the different segments of bike-share users is crucial in expanding and benefiting more people. This study analyzes bike-share user data in Sacramento and identifies low-income individuals, zero-car households, students, and transit and car-share users as significant market segments. The results show that bike-share is widely adopted, particularly by those with limited means of transportation. Targeting low-income and zero-car owners can help increase bike-share demand and enhance social equity.
Article
Economics
Priyanka Das, Swati Maitra
Summary: An investigation was conducted on improving pedestrian infrastructure and facilities at tourist destinations in India. The study found that the pedestrian infrastructure and facilities in these destinations are generally deficient and immediate interventions are required. The study also emphasized the need for developing infrastructure and facilities according to tourists' requirements to promote tourism.
Article
Economics
Subid Ghimire, Eleni Bardaka, Kai Monast, Juan Wang, Waugh Wright
Summary: This paper examines the challenges and practices in planning, management, and operation of microtransit systems in the U.S. It discusses the formation of public-private partnerships, cost elements, funding sources, ADA compliance requirements, safety risks, and supply-demand balancing in microtransit systems.
Article
Economics
Ming Zhang, Xianyang Zeng, Zhijia Tan
Summary: This study investigates the choice of green fuel and green technology for ships and derives the sufficient and necessary conditions for adopting scrubber installation strategy. The study finds that introducing scrubber technology can reduce evasion behavior of ships but also increase total emissions in coastal areas.
Article
Economics
Xiaolei Wang, Fangfang Yuan
Summary: The study models the mode choices of travelers in a simple urban transportation scenario with and without ride-hailing services, and examines the potential of ride-hailing in mitigating congestion. It also investigates the impacts of three traffic regulation policies and their ability to achieve system optimum in the presence of ride-hailing.
Review
Economics
Meiyu (Melrose) Pan, Stephen Wong, Francis Tainter, Steve Woelfel, Alyssa Ryan
Summary: This paper presents a systematic literature review on how equity has been considered and evaluated in scenario planning. The findings suggest the need for more vertical equity evaluations, the construction of robustness and justice indicators, and the adoption of a flexible mindset of planning for various scenarios. This work adds value to the existing body of knowledge and has important policy implications for future transportation planning.
Article
Economics
Nicholas Goedeking
Summary: This paper addresses the politics of bus rapid transit (BRT) in low- and middle-income countries, providing new insights through expert interviews and proposing two analytical frameworks. The first framework highlights the contentious nature of BRT proposals, while the second framework challenges the conventional view on the durability of BRT systems.
Article
Economics
Isabel Cunha, Cecilia Silva, Benjamin Buettner, Tuuli Toivonen
Summary: This study investigates the equity impacts of cycling plans and infrastructure allocation in three European cities. The research finds that cycling planning often prioritises advantaged areas and central zones, neglecting disadvantaged socio-economic zones.
Article
Economics
Francisco J. Bahamonde-Birke, Iris M. Geigenmueller, Niek Mouter, Dea S. van Lierop, Dick F. Ettema
Summary: This study uses Participatory Value Evaluation to analyze the differences in social desirability between MaaS services and public investments in biking infrastructure and public transport. The results show that people are more willing to allocate resources to bike infrastructure and public transport than to MaaS subsidies, with sustainability-focused subsidies showing greater social valuation. There are also negative synergies among similar projects, indicating a preference for diversifying public resources across different types of investment projects.
Article
Economics
Timo Valila
Summary: Road infrastructure investment is influenced by fiscal policy considerations, which is used by governments to address debt sustainability and smooth out debt volatility. It competes with investment in health and education, and its impact on congestion is limited and uncertain.
Article
Economics
Jinyu Jiang, Zhongzhen Yang
Summary: The axle load limit plays a crucial role in determining the costs associated with highway construction and truck transportation. This study examines the optimization of the axle load limit for rural roads, taking into account advancements in road construction technology, construction funding, and vehicle manufacturing techniques. A programming model is developed to maximize the cost gap between scenarios with and without incremental limits. The findings suggest that a limit of 13 tons maximizes the reduction in system costs, resulting in significant annual benefits.
Article
Economics
Mo ElSayed, Ahmed Foda, Moataz Mohamed
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of UAV flight policies on energy consumption and the required charging infrastructure. The results show that policy strictness increases the demand for charging stations and leads to increased cost per parcel delivery.
Article
Economics
Lin Su, Xiang Yan, Xilei Zhao
Summary: Dockless e-scooter services can expand mobility options for underserved neighborhoods but may widen access gaps. Compared to docked bikeshare, shared e-scooters have higher overall spatial accessibility but longer idle time. Bikeshare system's equity program is more effective than e-scooter operators' in promoting usage in low-income neighborhoods.