Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Georgios Mavraganis, Maria-Angeliki Dimopoulou, Dimitrios Delialis, Dimitrios Bampatsias, Raphael Patras, Alexandros Sianis, Eleni Maneta, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Georgios Georgiopoulos
Summary: Research suggests that endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness are associated with the severity and prognosis of COVID-19. These vascular impairments may play a crucial role in the clinical manifestations of COVID-19 and can be used for risk stratification.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Review
Biology
Philipp E. Scherer, John P. Kirwan, Clifford J. Rosen
Summary: Despite efforts to control the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a post-COVID-19 syndrome known as long-COVID or Post-Acute Sequelae of CoV-2 (PASC) has emerged. Fatigue, dyspnea, brain fog, and loss of smell and/or taste are common symptoms of this syndrome, which may be associated with metabolic dysfunction and chronic inflammatory state.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Evangelos Oikonomou, Nektarios Souvaliotis, Stamatios Lampsas, Gerasimos Siasos, Garyphallia Poulakou, Panagiotis Theofilis, Theodore G. Papaioannou, Anna-Bettina Haidich, Georgia Tsaousi, Vasileios Ntousopoulos, Vissaria Sakka, Georgios Charalambous, Vasiliki Rapti, Sylvia Raftopoulou, Konstantinos Syrigos, Costas Tsioufis, Dimitris Tousoulis, Manolis Vavuranakis
Summary: In this study, the immediate, intermediate, and long-term effects of COVID-19 on endothelial function were assessed. The results showed that COVID-19 patients developed endothelial dysfunction, which improved over a 6-month follow-up but remained impaired compared to healthy controls. Further research is needed to investigate whether the chronic dysregulation of endothelial function following COVID-19 is associated with a residual risk for cardiovascular and thrombotic events.
VASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Tudoran, Felix Bende, Renata Bende, Catalina Giurgi-Oncu, Raluca Dumache, Mariana Tudoran
Summary: This study aimed to assess the frequency of arterial and aortic stiffness as well as diastolic dysfunction in patients with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome using transthoracic echocardiography and pulse-wave velocity. The results showed that patients with metabolic syndrome had worse values of these indexes and more frequent diastolic dysfunction. The analysis also revealed significant associations between these indexes and the time since COVID-19 diagnosis, disease severity, and metabolic syndrome.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hadar Meringer, Saurabh Mehandru
Summary: The definition, frequency, and pathophysiology of gastrointestinal involvement in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome are not fully understood. This article discusses emerging evidence that supports immunological signatures and highlights the unique nature of the gastrointestinal tract in this syndrome.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Artur Fedorowski, Richard Sutton
Summary: The post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 pose significant challenges for patients, physicians, and the healthcare system. These sequelae are not dependent on the severity of the initial infection, often exhibit pronounced symptoms, and can even occur after vaccination. Many cases involve cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction, with 30% of individuals experiencing postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome. The prognosis remains uncertain, and treatment options are still inadequate.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lavinia Flaskamp, Constanze Roubal, Steven Uddin, Franziska Sotzny, Claudia Kedor, Sandra Bauer, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Martina Seifert
Summary: COVID-19 reconvalescent patients may develop post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS), including a subgroup fulfilling diagnostic criteria of Myalgic encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (PCS/CFS). This study found that PCS/CFS patients had endothelial dysfunction (ED) and increased binding of anti-endothelial cell autoantibodies (AECAs) to endothelial cells (ECs). Additionally, PCS sera showed a pro-angiogenic effect and promoted the release of molecules associated with vascular remodelling, compared to PCS/CFS and healthy controls.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Amanda Verma, Tarun Ramayya, Anand Upadhyaya, Ines Valenta, Maureen Lyons, Jonas Marschall, Farrokh Dehdashti, Robert J. Gropler, Pamela K. Woodard, Thomas Hellmut Schindler
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the association between post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 cardiovascular syndrome (PASC-CVS) and alterations in coronary circulatory function. The results show that resting myocardial blood flow (MBF) is significantly higher in PASC-CVS patients compared to healthy controls, while hyperemic MBFs do not differ significantly. Additionally, a Delta longitudinal MBF gradient is observed in PASC-CVS patients but not in the control group.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Andrei C. Sposito, Ikaro Breder, Joaquim Barreto, Jessica Breder, Isabella Bonilha, Marcus Lima, Alessandra Oliveira, Vaneza Wolf, Beatriz Luchiari, Helison R. do Carmo, Daniel Munhoz, Daniela Oliveira, Otavio R. Coelho-Filho, Otavio R. Coelho, Jose Roberto Matos-Souza, Filipe A. Moura, Luiz Sergio F. de Carvalho, Wilson Nadruz, Thiago Quinaglia, Sheila T. Kimura-Medorima
Summary: The addition of evolocumab to empagliflozin in individuals with T2D improves endothelial function, leading to better vascular function.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Milan Haffke, Helma Freitag, Gordon Rudolf, Martina Seifert, Wolfram Doehner, Nadja Scherbakov, Leif Hanitsch, Kirsten Wittke, Sandra Bauer, Frank Konietschke, Friedemann Paul, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Claudia Kedor, Carmen Scheibenbogen, Franziska Sotzny
Summary: A subset of PCS patients exhibit evidence of endothelial dysfunction with altered endothelial biomarkers. Different associations of the RHI with clinical parameters and varying biomarker profiles may suggest distinct pathomechanisms among patient subgroups.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Francisco Javier Soto-Rodriguez, Eva Isidoro Cabanas, Jose Manuel Perez-Marmol
Summary: Prolonged sitting can affect endothelial function, and strategies that interrupt sitting have shown significant improvements in shear rate, flow-mediated dilation, and blood flow, thus playing a crucial role in preventing endothelial dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christos Chatzakis, Nikolaos Koletsos, Maria Tirta, Konstantinos Dinas, Eugenia Gkaliagkousi, Alexandros Sotiriadis
Summary: This meta-analysis compared endothelial dysfunction between women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy and post-partum. The results indicated that pregnant women with GDM had lower flow-mediated dilation (FMD) compared to those without GDM. Additionally, women with previous GDM showed lower FMD in the immediate post-partum period, but there was no significant difference in the late post-partum period (more than 4 years).
DIABETES-METABOLISM RESEARCH AND REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ani Nalbandian, Kartik Sehgal, Aakriti Gupta, Mahesh V. Madhavan, Claire McGroder, Jacob S. Stevens, Joshua R. Cook, Anna S. Nordvig, Daniel Shalev, Tejasav S. Sehrawat, Neha Ahluwalia, Behnood Bikdeli, Donald Dietz, Caroline Der-Nigoghossian, Nadia Liyanage-Don, Gregg F. Rosner, Elana J. Bernstein, Sumit Mohan, Akinpelumi A. Beckley, David S. Seres, Toni K. Choueiri, Nir Uriel, John C. Ausiello, Domenico Accili, Daniel E. Freedberg, Matthew Baldwin, Allan Schwartz, Daniel Brodie, Christine Kim Garcia, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Jean M. Connors, John P. Bilezikian, Donald W. Landry, Elaine Y. Wan
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, causing global healthcare crises. Recovery from COVID-19 may lead to persistent symptoms and long-term complications, prompting the need for multidisciplinary care and follow-up for survivors.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Timon Kuchler, Roman Guenthner, Andrea Ribeiro, Renate Hausinger, Lukas Streese, Anna Woehnl, Veronika Kesseler, Johanna Negele, Tarek Assali, Javier Carbajo-Lozoya, Maciej Lech, Heike Schneider, Kristina Adorjan, Hans Christian Stubbe, Henner Hanssen, Konstantin Kotilar, Bernhard Haller, Uwe Heemann, Christoph Schmaderer
Summary: This study analyzed the retinal microcirculation in patients with Post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) and found that persistent endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of PCS, and impairments of the microcirculation seem to explain ongoing symptoms in patients. The study suggests that retinal vessel analysis parameters may become relevant as clinical biomarkers for diagnosis and therapy management of PCS.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Elaine Holmes, Julien Wist, Reika Masuda, Samantha Lodge, Philipp Nitschke, Torben Kimhofer, Ruey Leng Loo, Sofina Begum, Berin Boughton, Rongchang Yang, Aude-Claire Morillon, Sung-Tong Chin, Drew Hall, Monique Ryan, Sze-How Bong, Melvin Gay, Dale W. Edgar, John C. Lindon, Toby Richards, Bu B. Yeap, Sven Pettersson, Manfred Spraul, Hartmut Schaefer, Nathan G. Lawler, Nicola Gray, Luke Whiley, Jeremy K. Nicholson
Summary: The multivariate metabotyping approach was used to assess functional recovery of nonhospitalized COVID-19 patients. It revealed that some patients experienced persistent symptoms after acute infection, suggesting potential biochemical sequelae of Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Cristiano Caruso, Colantuono Stefania, Gabriele Ciasca, Umberto Basile, Riccardo Di Santo, Diego Bagnasco, Giovanni Passalacqua, Marco Caminati, Schiappoli Michele, Gianenrico Senna, Enrico Heffler, G. Walter Canonica, Nunzio Crimi, Rossella Intravaia, Corso De Eugenio, Davide Firinu, Antonio Gasbarrini, Stefano R. Del Giacco
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the prevalence of SE-IgE sensitization in a multicentric Italian cohort of severe asthmatic patients. SEB-IgE sensitization was found to be associated with female gender and comorbidities such as CRS and CRSwNP. No significant associations were observed between SEB-IgE sensitization and atopy, exacerbations, and corticosteroid dosages. Patients with SEB-IgE sensitization were younger and had an earlier disease onset, suggesting that it may be an independent risk factor for developing asthma.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Antonio Mirijello, Luisa Sestito, Mariangela Antonelli, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Addolorato
Summary: Acute alcohol intoxication (AAI) is a harmful and potentially life-threatening condition caused by the intake of large amounts of alcohol. It mainly manifests as behavioral and neurological symptoms, and can affect multiple organs and systems. Blood alcohol concentration (BAC) testing is useful in confirming intoxication. Patient stabilization and vital function support are the first steps in managing AAI, and Metadoxine is a useful drug for enhancing alcohol metabolism and elimination. It is important to screen patients with acute intoxication for underlying alcohol use disorders and refer them for multidisciplinary treatment for long-term abstinence. This review focuses on the clinical features, diagnostic criteria, and treatment strategies of AAI.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lucrezia Laterza, Luca Boldrini, Huong Elena Tran, Claudio Votta, Luigi Larosa, Laura Maria Minordi, Rossella Maresca, Daniela Pugliese, Maria Assunta Zocco, Maria Elena Ainora, Loris Riccardo Lopetuso, Alfredo Papa, Alessandro Armuzzi, Antonio Gasbarrini, Franco Scaldaferri
Summary: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the use of radiomics in predicting 10-year surgery for Crohn's disease patients. A cohort of patients with CT scan enterographies and a 10-year follow-up was selected. Radiomic features were extracted and a logistic regression model was developed, achieving a successful prediction of 10-year surgery. Radiomics could serve as a helpful tool in identifying patients at high risk for surgery and requiring stricter monitoring.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Nicola Aronico, Paola Ilaria Bianchi, Carmela Cinzia D'Agate, Matteo Neri, Umberto Volta, Maria Gloria Mumolo, Marco Astegiano, Antonino Salvatore Calabro, Fabiana Zingone, Giovanni Latella, Antonio Di Sario, Antonio Carroccio, Carolina Ciacci, Francesco Luzza, Carmela Bagnato, Massimo Claudio Fantini, Luca Elli, Giovanni Cammarota, Antonio Gasbarrini, Piero Portincasa, Mario Andrea Latorre, Clarissa Petrucci, Claudia Quatraccioni, Chiara Iannelli, Nicoletta Vecchione, Carlo Maria Rossi, Giacomo Broglio, Gianluca Ianiro, Ilaria Marsilio, Stefano Bibbo, Beatrice Marinoni, Donatella Tomaselli, Ludovico Abenavoli, Riccardo Pilia, Giovanni Santacroce, Erica Lynch, Antonella Carrieri, Pasquale Mansueto, Margherita Gabba, Giacomo Alunno, Chiara Rossi, Francesca Onnis, Konstantinos Efthymakis, Nicola Cesaro, Marta Vernero, Federica Baiano Svizzero, Francesco Paolo Semeraro, Marco Silano, Alessandro Vanoli, Catherine Klersy, Gino Roberto Corazza, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: This study investigated the diagnostic delay in coeliac disease (CD) and identified patient-dependent and physician-dependent factors that contribute to the delay. It highlights the importance of implementing a proper screening strategy for CD.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emanuele Rinninella, Pauline Raoul, Valeria Maccauro, Marco Cintoni, Andrea Cambieri, Alberto Fiore, Maurizio Zega, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Cristina Mele
Summary: This systematic review examined the impact of different hospital services on patients' nutritional intake and food waste. The findings suggest that personalized food service and efficient room service can improve nutritional intake while reducing food waste. In addition, active monitoring and intervention by clinical nutritionists, especially dietitians, can increase patients' food consumption.
Article
Immunology
C. Caruso, L. Laterza, C. R. Settanni, S. Colantuono, C. Di Mario, B. Tolusso, F. Castri, E. Gremese, F. Scaldaferri, A. Armuzzi, C. De Simone, K. Peris, A. Chiricozzi, A. Gasbarrini
Summary: We presented a successful case of using dupilumab to control IPEX syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, and enteropathy. The patient's symptoms improved after treatment with dupilumab, an anti-IL4 receptor alpha subunit inhibitor.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Raffaele Borriello, Roberta Massaro, Valeria Abbate, Antonio Gasbarrini
INTERNAL AND EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helio Jose Coelho-Junior, Riccardo Calvani, Anna Picca, Matteo Tosato, Giulia Savera, Francesco Landi, Emanuele Marzetti
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between protein intake and blood pressure, glucose levels, and blood cholesterol in a large sample of Italian older adults. The findings showed that high protein intake was negatively associated with diastolic blood pressure and positively associated with total blood cholesterol levels in a large cohort of Italian older adults.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rossella Cianci, Maria Grazia Massaro, Elisabetta De Santis, Beatrice Totti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Gambassi, Vincenzo Giambra
Summary: This brief report aimed to assess the correlation between Remdesivir (RDV) therapy and variation in lymphocyte subpopulations. The results showed significant changes in lymphocyte subpopulations after RDV therapy, with an increase in B lymphocytes and plasmablasts, and a reduction in cytotoxic T lymphocytes. There was also a decrease in regulatory T cells and an increase in circulating monocytes. Patients with different disease severity showed different lymphocyte count changes after RDV treatment. These findings may suggest a potential regulatory role of RDV treatment in the immune response against the virus and the cytokine storm observed in patients with more severe disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Alfredo Papa, Marcello Covino, Sara Sofia De Lucia, Angelo Del Gaudio, Marcello Fiorani, Giorgia Polito, Carlo Romano Settanni, Andrea Piccioni, Francesco Franceschi, Antonio Gasbarrini
Summary: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents with a variety of extrapulmonary symptoms, with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms being among the most frequent. Elderly patients are particularly affected, experiencing severe consequences. The impact of COVID-19 on individuals with pre-existing digestive diseases, especially in the older population, is still not fully understood. This review focuses on investigating the effects of COVID-19 on the GI tract, liver, and pancreas in individuals with and without previous digestive diseases, with a specific emphasis on the elderly population. Finally, the effectiveness and adverse events of anti-COVID-19 vaccination in patients with digestive disorders, as well as the unique characteristics observed in the elderly, are discussed.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vittoria Manilla, Francesco Santopaolo, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a common disease that is closely related to the progression of liver fibrosis. Patients with diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease show faster progression of fibrosis. Both conditions are linked to metabolic dysfunction and share similar risk factors.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Natalia Garcia-Morales, Angeles Perez-Aisa, Giulia Fiorini, Bojan Tepes, Manuel Castro-Fernandez, Alfredo Lucendo, Irina Voynovan, Luis Bujanda, Ana Garre, Luis Rodrigo, Samuel Jesus Martinez Dominguez, Maja Denkovski, Jose M. Huguet Malaves, Laimas Jonaitis, Renate Bumane, Oleg Zaytsev, Pilar Mata Romero, Jesus Barrio, Luis Fernandez-Salazar, Aiman Silkanovna Sarsenbaeva, Inmaculada Ortiz Polo, Sergey Alekseenko, Ilaria Maria Saracino, Dino Vaira, Alma Keco-Huerga, Dmitry Bordin, Antonio Gasbarrini, Frode Lerang, Theodore Rokkas, Juozas Kupcinskas, Marcis Leja, Gulustan Babayeva, Ricardo Marcos Pinto, Ante Tonkic, Sinead Smith, Perminder Phull, Gyorgy Buzas, Halis Simsek, Doron Boltin, Oleksiy Gridnyev, Marino Venerito, Vladimir Milivojevic, Nuria Tora, Anna Cano-Catala, Leticia Moreira, Olga P. Nyssen, Francis Megraud, Colm O'Morain, Javier P. Gisbert, Ignasi Puig
Summary: This study evaluates the tests used for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in Europe, including initial diagnosis and confirmation of eradication. The results show a great heterogeneity in the tests used among different countries, indicating a need to further explore the reasons for the lack of adherence to clinical guidelines.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Tommaso Schepis, Sara Sofia De Lucia, Antonio Pellegrino, Angelo del Gaudio, Rossella Maresca, Gaetano Coppola, Michele Francesco Chiappetta, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi, Marcello Candelli, Enrico Celestino Nista
Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a difficult disease to treat due to its aggressiveness and resistance to systemic therapies. However, recent advances have provided promising new therapeutic strategies, and endoscopists play a crucial role in managing this disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcello Candelli, Giulia Pignataro, Angela Saviano, Veronica Ojetti, Maurizio Gabrielli, Andrea Piccioni, Antonio Gulli, Massimo Antonelli, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi
Summary: This study aimed to examine the relationship between BMI and disease progression in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. It found that severe obesity is a risk factor for ICU admission, but there is no association between BMI and mortality.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
L. Di Renzo, P. Gualtieri, P. Rio, M. G. Massaro, M. Caldarelli, G. Frank, D. Della-Morte, A. Gasbarrini, G. Gambassi, A. De Lorenzo, L. Franza, R. Cianci
Summary: COVID-19 is a novel disease with diverse clinical patterns, some of which involve dysbiosis in the gut microbiota. Reduced levels of beneficial bacteria like Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli have been observed in several patients. This review explores the role of nutrients, particularly vitamins and micronutrients, in the relationship between the gut microbiota and the immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as the potential benefits of different diets.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)