Journal
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
Volume 13, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.780663
Keywords
diabetes; COVID-19; endothelial (dys)function; new onset diabetes; antidiabetic medication
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There is a bidirectional relationship between diabetes and COVID-19, with people with diabetes at higher risk of severe COVID-19 and COVID-19 related health complications. COVID-19 may also result in metabolic dysregulation and impaired glucose homeostasis. Understanding the effects of COVID-19 on metabolism and glucose regulation is crucial for preventing complications and supporting recovery in patients with diabetes and COVID-19.
There seems to be a bidirectional interplay between Diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). On the one hand, people with diabetes are at higher risk of fatal or critical care unit-treated COVID-19 as well as COVID-19 related health complications compared to individuals without diabetes. On the other hand, clinical data so far suggest that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may result in metabolic dysregulation and in impaired glucose homeostasis. In addition, emerging data on new onset DM in previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 patients, reinforce the hypothesis of a direct effect of SARS-CoV-2 on glucose metabolism. Attempting to find the culprit, we currently know that the pancreas and the endothelium have been found to express Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors, the main binding site of the virus. To move from bench to bedside, understanding the effects of COVID-19 on metabolism and glucose homeostasis is crucial to prevent and manage complications related to COVID-19 and support recovering patients. In this article we review the potential underlying pathophysiological mechanisms between COVID-19 and glucose dysregulation as well as the effects of antidiabetic treatment in patients with diabetes and COVID-19.
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