Article
Engineering, Industrial
Jian Liu, Biao Cao
Summary: Dissimilar joints of copper and aluminium alloy were successfully generated by electric current assisted ultrasonic welding (EUSW), exhibiting higher mechanical properties compared to joints welded by ultrasonic welding (USW) due to more fully material mixing and thinner intermetallic compound layer formed at the welding interface.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Jiaqing You, Yunqiang Zhao, Chunlin Dong, Yunhai Su
Summary: In this study, an ultrasonic dynamic-stationary shoulder friction stir method was designed to reduce the IMC thickness and residual stress, thereby enhancing the mechanical properties of Al-Cu joints. The new method allowed for the elimination of microcracks, grain refinement, enhanced dynamic recrystallization, and reduced IMC thickness, resulting in high-strength Al-Cu dissimilar metals welding.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Qiuchen Ma, Cheng Song, Jianli Zhou, Lin Zhang, Hongjun Ji
Summary: This study comprehensively investigated dissimilar welds of aluminum alloy 1060 to T2 copper, finding that microwelds first formed at high asperities, followed by severe plastic deformation and attachment. With increasing welding time, the lap shear failure loads for the joints gradually increased and reached maximum values. The microstructural evolution of the joint mainly focused on the softer material side, providing new insights into ultrasonic welding of dissimilar metals.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wentao Hou, Zhikang Shen, Nazmul Huda, Mazin Oheil, Yifu Shen, Hamid Jahed, Adrian P. Gerlich
Summary: The introduction of a cold sprayed Ni interlayer on the copper surface before friction stir butt welding of Al alloy to Cu can suppress the formation of IMCs, resulting in the generation of a single Al3Ni2 layer at the joint interface. This leads to an increase in both the tensile strength and ductility of the joint.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zongyu Dang, Guoliang Qin, Tongyi Li
Summary: Replacing copper with aluminum in the refrigeration industry is a common way to reduce production costs and weight. Inertia friction welding was used to join aluminum and copper pipes, and the effects of welding parameters on mechanical properties were studied. The formation of Al-Cu IMCs at the friction interface plays a crucial role in achieving metallurgical bonding. The type and thickness of IMCs are closely related to the tensile strength of the joints.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hao Su, Qingzhen Zhao, Ji Chen, Chuansong Wu
Summary: In this study, dissimilar Al/Cu alloys were joined using friction stir welding (FSW) technique with and without ultrasonic vibration. It was found that the assistance of ultrasonic vibration improved the performance of the joint, particularly by reducing the thickness of intermetallic compounds.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Roman Kolenak, Igor Kostolny, Jaromir Drapala, Paulina Babincova, Martin Sahul
Summary: The research aimed to characterize the Zn-Al-Cu soldering alloy and study fluxless ultrasonic soldering of Al7075 aluminum alloy with copper substrate. The Zn-Al-Cu solder has a close-to-eutectic type microstructure and two phase transformations. The shear strength of Zn5Al3Cu solder with copper addition depends on the copper content and reaches 167 to 187 MPa for Al7075 joint and 136.5 MPa for Cu joint.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yue Mao, Run Wu, Hanlin Guo, Xuan Xiao, Dingqiang Qin, Li Fu
Summary: In order to fabricate high-performance dissimilar joints of Al and Cu, it is critical to inhibit the growth of brittle intermetallic compounds (IMCs) at the interface. Therefore, submerged friction stir welding (SFSW) technology was used to join the Al/Cu dissimilar materials. The results revealed that the SFSW with water cooling significantly reduced the thickness of interfacial IMCs layer, and finer grains were formed at the Al side in nugget zone of SFSW joint compared to conventional friction stir welding (FSW). The mechanical properties of the joints produced by SFSW were improved. The tensile strength of the SFSW joint reached 221.5 MPa, which was 24.02% higher than that of the FSW joint. In addition, the SFSW could change the fracture position of joints, resulting in the fracture in the Al matrix.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Li Huan, Zhang Changxin, Ao Sansan, Zeng Caiyou, Zhou Kang
Summary: This study proposes a method of current-assisted Cu/Al high-power ultrasonic welding, and investigates the effects of current on the welding process and joint properties. The experimental results show that the assisted current can enhance the metallurgical characteristics of the interface and optimize the strength of Cu/Al joints.
RARE METAL MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shun Tokita, Cheng Yi Liu, Yutaka S. Sato
Summary: This study investigates the joining of Al/Cu and Al/Ni dissimilar metals using ultrasonic spot welding. The results show that the vibration amplitude and welding time have a greater impact on joint strength than welding pressure. Optimization of welding parameters allows for high-strength joints that fracture at the Al upper plate. Al/Ni bonding requires a narrower range of welding time to achieve higher tensile shear load compared to other material combinations. Texture analysis reveals recrystallized grains with the GOSS orientation in high-strength dissimilar joints.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
S. S. Ao, M. P. Cheng, W. Zhang, J. P. Oliveira, S. M. Manladan, Z. Zeng, Z. Luo
Summary: The study found that increasing ultrasonic welding energy input intensified surface oxidation, resulting in voids or unbonded zones at low energy inputs and intimate contact at higher energy inputs. Furthermore, an increase in energy input to 750 J led to the formation of two interfaces at the weld interface, and the lap-shear load of the joints first increased to a maximum value before decreasing with further welding energy input.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yan Li, Ding Fan, Yong-Peng Li, Jian-Kang Huang, Xiao-Quan Yu
Summary: In this study, T2 copper was joined to 1060 pure aluminum using an ultrasonic-assisted plasma arc Welding-Brazing process. The results showed that ultrasonic vibration significantly improved the wetting and spreading ability of aluminum on the copper substrate and changed the morphology of the intermetallic compound layer. The shear strength did not increase linearly with ultrasonic power.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tifang Huang, Zeyu Zhang, Jinglin Liu, Sihao Chen, Yuming Xie, Xiangchen Meng, Yongxian Huang, Long Wan
Summary: Submerged friction stir welding (SFSW) can decrease the peak temperature and control the thermal gradient of the joint, leading to improvements in weld formation and reduction of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) layer thickness. Compared with conventional friction stir welding (FSW), the thermal accumulation during SFSW process inhibits IMCs formation and enables the formation of a strong mechanical interlocking structure, resulting in increased effective contact area and strength of the joint.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jianguo Cui, Keke Zhang, Di Zhao, Yibo Pan
Summary: Through ultrasonic wave-assisted Sn2.5Ag0.7Cu0.1RExNi/Cu soldering test and thermal cycling tests, it was found that ultrasonic assistance could result in high-quality and reliable solder joints. A Ni content of 0.05 wt% was identified as optimal in inhibiting excessive IMC growth and improving the shear strength of solder joints.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Won-Sang Shin, Dae-Won Cho, Donghyuck Jung, Heeshin Kang, Jeng O. Kim, Yoon-Jun Kim, Changkyoo Park
Summary: The pulsed laser welding of Al ribbon to Cu sheet for electrical interconnections in power electronic modules was studied, revealing the formation of intermetallic compounds and their impact on weld quality. Experimental conditions were optimized to minimize intermetallic compound formation, and computational fluid dynamics simulation helped understand the molten pool behavior during welding. Measurements of tensile shear strengths and electrical resistances showed a correlation with welding area, with mechanical strength decreasing and electrical resistance increasing with larger welding areas. Process window was developed to achieve defect-free Al/Cu joints with minimized intermetallic compound formation.