Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peihua Cao, Ying Song, Zian Zhuang, Jinjun Ran, Lin Xu, Yan Geng, Lefei Han, Shi Zhao, Jing Qin, Daihai He, Fengfu Wu, Lin Yang
Summary: Obesity is significantly associated with a higher risk of severe pneumonia and requiring oxygen therapy in COVID-19 patients, and this risk is more pronounced in men, older adults, and those with diabetes. Overweight and obesity also increase the odds of requiring oxygen therapy, with a linear dose-response curve between BMI and severe outcomes observed in all patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Taesik Jung, Bo Yoon Choi, Minho Jang, Taehee Kim, Eunhye Seo, Jin Kook Kim
Summary: This study compared the olfactory and gustatory characteristics of COVID-19 patients with olfactory dysfunction and postinfectious olfactory dysfunction patients without COVID-19. The COVID-19 group had better initial olfactory and gustatory function. After olfactory training, both groups showed an increase in olfactory function test scores.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Huikuan Chu, Li Peng, Lilin Hu, Yixin Zhu, Jinfang Zhao, Hua Su, Lin Yao, Qingjing Zhu, Xiu Nie, Ling Yang, Xiaohua Hou
Summary: The study investigated liver pathology in 24 COVID-19 patients, showing significant liver injuries such as hepatocellular necrosis and steatosis. Respiratory failure and male gender were associated with more severe liver damage, indicating a potential correlation between underlying conditions and liver changes in COVID-19 patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Jerome R. Lechien, Luigi A. Vaira, Sven Saussezz
Summary: This study investigated the effectiveness of olfactory training (OT) in COVID-19 patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction (OD). The findings showed that adhering to the OT protocol was associated with better mid-term improvement of psychophysical scores. Larger randomized-controlled studies are needed to confirm the effectiveness of OT in COVID-19 patients.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Brandon J. Vilarello, Patricia T. Jacobson, Jeremy P. Tervo, Liam W. Gallagher, Francesco F. Caruana, Joseph B. Gary, Tiana M. Saak, David A. Gudis, Paule V. Joseph, Terry E. Goldberg, D. P. Devanand, Jonathan B. Overdevest
Summary: This study aims to assess the impact of COVID-19-associated olfactory dysfunction on BMI and finds an association between COVID-19-associated olfactory dysfunction and BMI, suggesting that olfaction may play a role in altering dietary habits and nutrition in this population.
Article
Biology
Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer, Daniel Wittschieber, Juliane Sanft, Sandra Kleemann, Stefan Elschner, Karoline Frieda Haupt, Vanessa Vau, Clio Haering, Jurgen Roedel, Andreas Henke, Christina Ehrhardt, Michael Bauer, Mike Philipp, Nikolaus Gassler, Sandor Nietzsche, Bettina Loeffler, Gita Mall
Summary: COVID-19 is a systemic disease, and viral RNA distribution was found in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary tissues and organs, with high viral loads in the lungs. This supports the hypothesis of maladaptive host response with viremia and multiorgan dysfunction.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Anna Campabadal, Javier Oltra, Carme Junque, Nuria Guillen, Maria Angeles Boti, Roser Sala-Llonch, Gemma C. Monte-Rubio, Gema Lledo, Nuria Bargallo, Lorena Rami, Raquel Sanchez-Valle, Barbara Segura
Summary: This study investigates structural brain changes in patients with persistent olfactory dysfunctions after COVID-19. It found differences in gray matter volume and diffusion in the olfactory system among COVID-19 patients, which can explain the prolonged olfactory deficits in these patients.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Serena Capelli, Anna Caroli, Antonino Barletta, Alberto Arrigoni, Angela Napolitano, Giulio Pezzetti, Luca Giovanni Longhi, Rosalia Zangari, Ferdinando Luca Lorini, Maria Sessa, Andrea Remuzzi, Simonetta Gerevini
Summary: Despite being a common neurological complication of COVID-19, the pathogenesis of olfactory disorders remains unclear. This study used MRI to provide evidence of olfactory system alterations in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms, including olfactory dysfunction. The findings showed damage to the olfactory bulb in these patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marcela Martoncikova, Pavel Dolezal, Kamila Fabianova, Miloslav Karhanek, Jan Galik, Adam Racek, Alexandra Popovicova, Eniko Racekova
Summary: From March to June 2021, a total of 1025 patients requested smell testing and 824 met the study inclusion criteria. Impaired smell ability was confirmed in 82.6% of participants, while 17.4% showed normal smell ability but complained of parosmia and/or phantosmia. This study demonstrates the relevance of remote psychophysical smell testing during the pandemic and reveals correlations between prolonged olfactory dysfunction and monitored parameters.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Bernhard Prem, David T. Liu, Gerold Besser, Gunjan Sharma, Laura E. Dultinger, Sissy Hofer, Martina M. Matiasczyk, Bertold Renner, Christian A. Mueller
Summary: Our results demonstrate that long-lasting olfactory dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 infection is a common symptom. The majority of patients had olfactory dysfunction in the range of hyposmia, which was confirmed by comprehensive smell tests.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Annelin Espetvedt, Siri Wiig, Kai Victor Myrnes-Hansen, Kolbjorn Kallesten Bronnick
Summary: The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of tools used to assess qualitative olfactory dysfunction after COVID-19 and address the content validity issues. Currently, there is a lack of validated tools to assess olfactory dysfunction, leading to heterogeneity and inconsistency in assessment methods. A reliable and validated tool is needed to ensure accurate assessment of olfactory ability.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Anna Menegaldo, Cristoforo Fabbris, Giacomo Spinato, Daniele Borsetto, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Leonardo Calvanese, Andrea Pettorelli, Massimo Sonego, Daniele Frezza, Andy Bertolin, Walter Cestaro, Roberto Rigoli, Andrea D'Alessandro, Giancarlo Tirelli, Maria Cristina Da Mosto, Anna Menini, Jerry Polesel, Claire Hopkins
Summary: This study found that as the time since virus infection increases, olfactory dysfunction becomes more common among patients, with a high percentage showing persistent dysfunction despite most patients subjectively reporting normal smell.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Anna Menegaldo, Cristoforo Fabbris, Giacomo Spinato, Daniele Borsetto, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Leonardo Calvanese, Andrea Pettorelli, Massimo Sonego, Daniele Frezza, Andy Bertolin, Walter Cestaro, Roberto Rigoli, Andrea D'Alessandro, Giancarlo Tirelli, Maria Cristina Da Mosto, Anna Menini, Jerry Polesel, Claire Hopkins
Summary: This study prospectively assessed the 6-month prevalence of olfactory dysfunction in subjects with mild-to-moderate COVID-19. Despite most patients reporting a subjectively normal sense of smell, a high percentage of persistent smell dysfunction was observed at 6 months, highlighting a significant long-term rate of smell alteration in patients with previous SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Review
Neurosciences
Lavandan Jegatheeswaran, Shyam Ajay Gokani, Louis Luke, Gabija Klyvyte, Andreas Espehana, Elizabeth Mairenn Garden, Alessia Tarantino, Basil Al Omari, Carl Martin Philpott
Summary: The aim of this review is to provide a detailed overview of the assessment of COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction and its association with psychological, neuropsychiatric, and cognitive symptoms. COVID-19-related olfactory dysfunction can have a detrimental impact on patients' quality of life. The pandemic has highlighted the need for better healthcare access for patients with olfactory disorders and other symptoms secondary to COVID-19. This review explores the associations between COVID-19 and psychological, neuropsychiatric, and cognitive symptoms, and provides a framework for the assessment of COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Muammer Melih Sahin, Eray Uzunoglu, Mucahit Yalcin, Gokcen Cesur, Mehmet Yildiz, Pinar Aysert Yildiz, Hasan Selcuk Ozger, Suleyman Cebeci, Recep Karamert, Mehmet Duzlu, Hakan Tutar, Murat Dizbay, Alper Ceylan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate olfactory and gustatory functions of COVID-19 patients and possible risk factors for dysfunctions. Results showed that olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions were more common in clinically symptomatic patients. Smokers had a significantly higher gustatory dysfunction rate than nonsmokers.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)