Acid red 18 removal from aqueous solution by nanocrystalline granular ferric hydroxide (GFH); optimization by response surface methodology & genetic-algorithm

The need for fresh water is more than before by population growth, and industrial development have affected the quality of water supplies, one of the important reason for water contamination is synthetic dyes and their extensive use in industries. Adsorption has been considered as a common methods for dye removal from waters. In this study, Acid Red18 removal in batch mode by using Granular Ferric Hydroxide (GFH) was investigated. The GFH characterized by XRD, FESEM and FTIR analysis. Experiments were designed using RSM-CCD method. The maximum removal efficiency was obtained 78.59% at pH = 5, GFH dosage = 2 g/l, AR18 concentration = 77.5 mg/l and 85 min of contact time. Optimization with RSM and Genetic Algorithm carried out and is similar together. The non-linear adsorption Isotherm and kinetic fitted with Freundlich (R2 = 0.978) and pseudo-second-order (R2 = 0.989) models, respectively. Thermodynamic studies showed that the AR18 adsorption is endothermic process and GFH nature was found spontaneous.

Automated summary

The need for fresh water has increased due to population growth and industrial development, leading to water contamination. This study focused on the removal of Acid Red18 dye using Granular Ferric Hydroxide (GFH) in batch mode. The experimental results showed that GFH was effective in removing Acid Red18 under specific conditions. The adsorption isotherm and kinetic models of Acid Red18 were determined through statistical analysis of the experimental data. The thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption of AR18 was an endothermic process, and GFH exhibited spontaneous nature.