Journal
ADVANCED ENERGY MATERIALS
Volume 12, Issue 14, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/aenm.202103977
Keywords
charge carrier kinetics; in situ GIWAXS; in situ UV-vis; nonfullerene OSCs; slot-die coating
Categories
Funding
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [Mu1487/22]
- International Research Training Group 2022 Alberta/Technical University of Munich International Graduate School for Environmentally Responsible Functional Hybrid Materials (ATUMS)
- Center for NanoScience (CeNS)
- China Scholarship Council (CSC)
- Erasmus Mundus MaMaSELF+ program
- Germany's Excellence Strategy [EXC 2089/1 - 390776260]
- Projekt DEAL
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Slot-die coating using chloroform as a solvent has been found to be an effective method for producing high-efficiency organic solar cells.
Slot-die coating is a powerful method for upscaling the production of organic solar cells (OSCs) with low energy consumption print processes at ambient conditions. Herein, chlorobenzene (CB) and chloroform (CF) are compared as host solvents for printing films of the neat novel fused-ring unit based wide-bandgap donor polymer (PDTBT2T-FTBDT), the small molecule nonfullerene acceptor based on a fused ring with a benzothiadiazole core (BTP-4F) as well as the respective PDTBT2T-FTBDT:BTP-4F blend films at room temperature in air. Using CF printing of the PDTBT2T-FTBDT:BTP-4F active layer, OSCs with a high power conversion efficiency of up to 13.2% are reached in ambient conditions. In comparison to CB printed blend films, the active layer printed out of CF has a superior morphology, a smoother film surface and a more pronounced face-on orientation of the crystallites, which altogether result in an enhanced exciton dissociation, a superior charge transport, and suppressed nonradiative charge carrier recombination. Based on in situ studies of the slot-die coating process of PDTBT2T-FTBDT, BTP-4F, and PDTBT2T-FTBDT:BTP-4F films, the details of the film formation kinetics are clarified, which cause the superior behavior for CF compared to CB printing due to balancing the aggregation and crystallization of donor and acceptor.
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