Article
Microbiology
Sara Piacentini, Anna Riccio, Silvia Santopolo, Silvia Pauciullo, Simone La Frazia, Antonio Rossi, Jean-Francois Rossignol, M. Gabriella Santoro
Summary: The anti-infective drug nitazoxanide has been found to have potent antiviral activity against three human endemic coronaviruses, namely HCoV-229E, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-OC43. Nitazoxanide acts at a post-entry level and interferes with the spike glycoprotein maturation of the viruses.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Cathryn Michelle Mayes, Joshua Santarpia
Summary: This study developed a proof-of-concept for a pan-coronavirus CRISPR effector system and designed CRISPR targets that can cross-react with different human coronaviruses. By introducing mismatches, the researchers found that CasRx can maintain its nuclease activity even with up to three mismatches.
Article
Virology
Sony Maharjan, Mijeong Kang, Jinsoo Kim, Dongbum Kim, Sangkyu Park, Minyoung Kim, Kyeongbin Baek, Younghee Lee, Hyung-Joo Kwon
Summary: Infection with HCoV-OC43 can induce cell apoptosis, promote viral replication through caspase-dependent pathway, and also lead to cell cycle arrest and alterations in intracellular signaling pathways.
Article
Immunology
Jinsoo Kim, Minyoung Kim, Dongbum Kim, Sangkyu Park, Mijeong Kang, Kyeongbin Baek, Jun-Kyu Choi, Sony Maharjan, Madhav Akauliya, Younghee Lee, Hyung-Joo Kwon
Summary: This study found that the S protein of HCoV-OC43 interacts with the N protein and the cell penetrating Spike CD peptide can inhibit the replication of HCoV-OC43. By developing a specific antibody, the authors established a virus detection system based on the interaction between Spike CD and N protein. These findings suggest that the interaction between Spike CD and N protein can be a target for therapeutics against novel coronavirus and its variants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rina Hashimoto, Tomokazu Tamura, Yukio Watanabe, Ayaka Sakamoto, Naoko Yasuhara, Hayato Ito, Masahiro Nakano, Hiromitsu Fuse, Akira Ohta, Takeshi Noda, Yasufumi Matsumura, Miki Nagao, Takuya Yamamoto, Kazuo Takayama, Takasuke Fukuhara
Summary: To combat a broad range of coronaviruses, it is important to develop drugs that target viral proteins as well as host proteins/cellular processes. Autophagy has been found to play a significant role in coronavirus infection. In this study, autophagic modulators were screened using airway organoids to identify compounds that could potentially fight against infections by various coronaviruses. Among the tested compounds, cycloheximide and thapsigargin showed dose-dependent reduction in SARS-CoV-2 infection efficiency. Cycloheximide treatment not only reduced the infection efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 variants but also other human coronaviruses. However, the use of cycloheximide may have side effects on host cells, such as inhibiting protein synthesis.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alberto Domingo Lopez-Munoz, Jefferson J. S. Santos, Jonathan W. Yewdell
Summary: We have found that the N protein of SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 is expressed abundantly on infected and noninfected cells. It activates immune cells and inhibits leukocyte chemotaxis through different mechanisms. The N protein of HCoV-OC43 binds to a similar set of chemokines as SARS-CoV-2 N, but also binds to a distinct set of cytokines. This indicates that cell surface HCoV N plays a conserved role in manipulating host immune response.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Virology
Rackhyun Park, Minsu Jang, Yea-In Park, Yeonjeong Park, Woochul Jung, Jayhyun Park, Junsoo Park
Summary: Recent studies have shown that green tea polyphenols have an inhibitory effect on coronavirus replication, with significant results observed in a mouse model.
Article
Immunology
Xiaohuan Wang, Yongkang Chen, Huichun Shi, Peng Zou
Summary: The study found that erythromycin estolate has antiviral effect against human coronavirus OC43 and can inhibit infection at the early stage by disrupting the integrity of the viral membrane.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Uri Greenbaum, Kimberly Klein, Fernando Martinez, Juhee Song, Peter F. Thall, Jeremy L. Ramdial, Cristina Knape, Fleur M. Aung, Jamie Scroggins, Adriana Knopfelmacher, Victor Mulanovich, Jovan Borjan, Javier Adachi, Mayoora Muthu, Cerena Leung, Mayrin Correa Medina, Richard Champlin, Amanda Olson, Amin Alousi, Katayoun Rezvani, Elizabeth J. Shpall
Summary: This study found that COVID-19 patients with higher levels of anti-HCoV-OC43 and anti-HCoV-HKU1 IgG antibodies had a higher survival rate, and these antibodies may target a common domain for SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses, providing a promising therapeutic target for monoclonal antibody production.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hassan Karami, Kaveh Sadeghi, Sevrin Zadheidar, Fatemeh Saadatmand, Negar Mirsalehi, Nima Hoveidi Ardestani, Shirin Kalantari, Mohammad Farahmand, Jila Yavarian, Talat Mokhtari-Azad
Summary: This study investigated the circulation of HCoVs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran and found a low circulation of these viruses. Hygiene habits and social distancing measures may play a significant role in reducing HCoVs transmission. Surveillance studies are needed to track the distribution patterns of HCoVs and detect changes in their epidemiology to implement timely control strategies.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Dechuan Kong, Yaxu Zheng, Linjie Hu, Jian Chen, Huanyu Wu, Zheng Teng, Yanqiu Zhou, Qi Qiu, Yihan Lu, Hao Pan
Summary: The prevalence of common HCoVs is relatively low in ILI and SARI cases in Shanghai, with a higher co-infection rate and HCoVs potentially co-existing with specific respiratory pathogens. The seasonal pattern of HCoVs may differ from other respiratory pathogens, and further study is warranted to understand the role of co-infections in the pathogenesis of ILI and SARI.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Monika Jevsnik Virant, Danijela Cerne, Miroslav Petrovec, Tomislav Paller, Ivan Toplak
Summary: Coronaviruses are widely distributed pathogens that can cause respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in humans and animals. A study in Slovenia investigated the genetic diversity of human and bovine coronaviruses, revealing four different clusters, including three separate human clusters (HCoV-HKU1, HCoV-OC43, and HCoV 229E) and a single bovine cluster (BCoVs). Bovine coronaviruses and HCoV-OC43 were found to be genetically closely related, sharing a high percentage of nucleotide and amino acid identity.
Article
Virology
Modeste Name Faye, Mamadou Aliou Barry, Mamadou Malado Jallow, Serigne Fallou Wade, Marie Pedapa Mendy, Sara Sy, Amary Fall, Davy Evrard Kiori, Ndiende Koba Ndiaye, Deborah Goudiaby, Arfang Diamanka, Mbayame Ndiaye Niang, Ndongo Dia
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology and genetic diversity of seasonal human coronaviruses (HCoVs) in Senegal. It found that four types of HCoVs circulated during the study period, with a peak between November and January. Children under five were the most affected, and co-infections with other viruses were observed. The genetic diversity of HCoV types was also noted. The results highlight the importance of monitoring HCoVs in public health, particularly in vulnerable populations and animals.
Article
Microbiology
Naoto Watanabe, Ryohei Hirose, Katsuma Yamauchi, Hajime Miyazaki, Risa Bandou, Takuma Yoshida, Toshifumi Doi, Ken Inoue, Osamu Dohi, Naohisa Yoshida, Kazuhiko Uchiyama, Takeshi Ishikawa, Tomohisa Takagi, Hideyuki Konishi, Hiroshi Ikegaya, Takaaki Nakaya, Yoshito Itoh
Summary: This study revealed the environmental stability of HCoV-OC43 on the surface of human skin and the effectiveness of disinfectants against HCoV-OC43, which had not been demonstrated in previous studies. HCoV-OC43 is highly stable on the skin surface, with a survival time of approximately 25 hours.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Virology
Mina Mobini Kesheh, Parastoo Hosseini, Saber Soltani, Milad Zandi
Summary: Seven human coronaviruses have been detected, with four causing mild respiratory diseases and three having a higher mortality rate. These viruses originate from bats and may lead to the emergence of new coronaviruses in the future.
REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
