Article
Plant Sciences
Anna Sytiuk, Samuel Hamard, Regis Cereghino, Ellen Dorrepaal, Honorine Geissel, Martin Kuttim, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Eeva Stiina Tuittila, Vincent E. J. Jassey
Summary: In this study, a reciprocal transplant experiment was conducted along a climate gradient in Europe to investigate the effects of climate warming on the seasonality of metabolites produced by Sphagnum mosses and the consequences for peatland carbon uptake. The results showed that Sphagnum species exhibited consistent responses to warming, with shifts in their primary or secondary metabolites according to seasons. These shifts were also correlated with changes in gross ecosystem productivity, particularly in spring and autumn. The findings highlight the plasticity of plant metabolites and their ability to impact carbon processes in ecosystems.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Guibiao Yang, Yunfeng Peng, Benjamin W. Abbott, Christina Biasi, Bin Wei, Dianye Zhang, Jun Wang, Jianchun Yu, Fei Li, Guanqin Wang, Dan Kou, Futing Liu, Yuanhe Yang
Summary: This study highlights the importance of soil phosphorus availability in regulating plant growth, vegetation productivity, and net ecosystem productivity in a permafrost ecosystem after thaw. The results of a 3-year field observation and in-situ fertilization experiment show that phosphorus addition has a stronger effect on plant growth than nitrogen addition, indicating the crucial role of soil phosphorus availability in altering the trajectory of permafrost carbon cycle under climate warming.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nitin Chaudhary, Wenxin Zhang, Shubhangi Lamba, Sebastian Westermann
Summary: In this study, the peatland-vegetation model (LPJ-GUESS) was used to simulate peatland carbon dynamics under different future climate conditions. It was found that under less pronounced warming, peatlands may enhance their carbon sink capacity and buffer the effects of climate change. However, in a warmer world, higher respiration rates will dominate the carbon dynamics and reduce the carbon sink capacity.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
K. Nelson, D. Thompson, C. Hopkinson, R. Petrone, L. Chasmer
Summary: Boreal peatlands play a critical role in the global climate system, storing a large quantity of soil carbon. However, with climatic warming, these carbon stores are at risk, potentially transitioning from carbon sink to source. While negative ecohydrological feedback mechanisms may initially compensate for increased carbon loss, factors such as climatic warming and anthropogenic peatland fragmentation could drive a positive carbon feedback cycle.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Xiao-Ying Ma, Hao Xu, Zi-Yin Cao, Lei Shu, Rui-Liang Zhu
Summary: The impact of climate change on the habitat suitability of Sphagnum mosses is poorly understood. Using the MaxEnt model, this study predicts the potential geographic distribution of six dominant Sphagnum species in future climate scenarios. The results show that warming temperatures will cause a northward migration of Sphagnum mosses into high-latitude boreal peatlands while decreasing their habitat suitability beyond these regions.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rachel M. Wilson, Malak M. Tfaily, Max Kolton, Eric R. Johnston, Caitlin Petro, Cassandra A. Zalman, Paul J. Hanson, Heino M. Heyman, Jennifer E. Kyle, David W. Hoyt, Elizabeth K. Eder, Samuel O. Purvine, Randall K. Kolka, Stephen D. Sebestyen, Natalie A. Griffiths, Christopher W. Schadt, Jason K. Keller, Scott D. Bridgham, Jeffrey P. Chanton, Joel E. Kostka
Summary: This study used a variety of environmental geochemical analyses to investigate the impact of organic matter quality on peatland greenhouse gas production, particularly in response to climate warming. The findings suggest that as temperatures rise, there is an increase in microbial activity and shifts in greenhouse gas production pathways. This indicates a trend towards more methanogenic conditions in peatland vegetation with warming.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ian A. Shirley, Zelalem A. Mekonnen, Robert F. Grant, Baptiste Dafflon, Susan S. Hubbard, William J. Riley
Summary: This study examines how climate warming will shift carbon cycle seasonality in Alaska throughout the 21st century, using a well-tested ecosystem model. The results show that spring net carbon uptake will overtake summer net carbon uptake by year 2100, driven by a relaxation of temperature limitation on plant productivity. Additionally, warmer soil temperatures and increased carbon inputs from plants lead to larger carbon losses in fall and winter compared to summer net uptake. However, the large increases in spring net carbon uptake suggest that the high-latitude atmospheric carbon sink will sustain throughout this century.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Qian Li, Sebastien Gogo, Fabien Leroy, Christophe Guimbaud, Fatima Laggoun-Defarge
Summary: The study found that simulated warming had a significant impact on the carbon fluxes in peatlands, particularly enhancing plant growth and increasing gross primary production. However, short-term experimental warming did not have a significant effect on annual net ecosystem carbon exchange and the carbon budget.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Susan Page, Shailendra Mishra, Fahmuddin Agus, Gusti Anshari, Greta Dargie, Stephanie Evers, Jyrki Jauhiainen, Adi Jaya, Antonio Jonay Jovani-Sancho, Ari Lauren, Sofie Sjogersten, Ifo Averti Suspense, Lahiru S. Wijedasa, Chris D. Evans
Summary: This review discusses the biogeochemical characteristics of tropical peatlands and explores the impacts of human activities such as deforestation, fire, drainage, and agriculture on these systems. Tropical peatlands store a significant amount of carbon, but they are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic modifications, which result in carbon loss, increased greenhouse gas emissions, and hydrological disruptions. With a warming climate, these impacts are expected to escalate, posing risks to carbon stocks in disturbed and intact peat swamps.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biology
Laura A. Twardochleb, Phoebe L. Zarnetske, Christopher A. Klausmeier
Summary: Climate warming is causing changes in the life cycles of ectotherms, such as advancing phenology and decreasing generation times. However, existing theory and models do not consider the effects of warming on organisms with complex life cycles in seasonal environments. A size-structured consumer-resource model was developed to explore the impacts of climate warming in a seasonal environment on a freshwater insect population, showing that warming can lead to increases in consumer population sizes through various mechanisms, thus delaying population extinctions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Paul J. H. Mathijssen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Annalea Lohila, Minna Valiranta, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila
Summary: Reconstructions of past climate impact on peatland carbon dynamics show that the warming effect of CH4 emissions exceeds the cooling effect of CO2 uptake initially, but eventually the net effect becomes cooling. Uncertainties related to past CO2 flux, CH4 emission, and peatland expansion affect the reconstruction of peatland carbon dynamics. The largest uncertainty is associated with CH4 emissions, and high CH4 emissions and low C accumulation rates may lead to peatlands remaining as climate warming agents since their initiation.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Hwa-Jin Choi, Seung-Ki Min, Sang-Wook Yeh, Soon-Il An, Baek-Min Kim
Summary: The Arctic hydrological cycle undergoes changes in precipitation and evaporation, with increases in ALL and GHG forcings and decreases in AER forcing. Summer precipitation in the Arctic is primarily driven by enhanced poleward moisture transport, while winter moistening is influenced by increased surface evaporation over sea-ice retreat areas. The poleward meridional moisture flux is strongest in summer, with GHG forcing causing the largest increase in moisture due to stronger warming. The response of meridional moisture flux is determined by variations in transient eddies with distinct seasonal and regional contributions.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Mengke Cai, Guang Zhao, Bo Zhao, Nan Cong, Zhoutao Zheng, Juntao Zhu, Xiaoqing Duan, Yangjian Zhang
Summary: Climate warming will significantly impact variations in soil organic carbon, especially in alpine ecosystems. Microbial necromass carbon is a key contributor to stable soil organic carbon pools. However, the accumulation and persistence of soil microbial necromass carbon under different levels of warming are poorly understood.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhen Zhang, Benjamin Poulter, Sara Knox, Ann Stavert, Gavin McNicol, Etienne Fluet-Chouinard, Aryeh Feinberg, Yuanhong Zhao, Philippe Bousquet, Josep G. Canadell, Anita Ganesan, Gustaf Hugelius, George Hurtt, Robert B. Jackson, Prabir K. Patra, Marielle Saunois, Lena Hoeglund-Isaksson, Chunlin Huang, Abhishek Chatterjee, Xin Li
Summary: Research suggests that the continued rise in atmospheric methane concentration is mainly attributed to increased anthropogenic emissions, particularly from agriculture, waste management, and industrial fossil fuel sources. Wetland emissions have the least contribution to the increase. The current wetland methane models cannot explain the decrease in atmospheric δC-13-CH4 values.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Lei Gu, Jiabo Yin, Louise J. J. Slater, Jie Chen, Hong Xuan Do, Hui-Min Wang, Lu Chen, Zhiqiang Jiang, Tongtiegang Zhao
Summary: Anthropogenic climate warming is expected to increase the frequency of extreme hydrological droughts globally. This study integrates climate experiments, hydrological models, and multivariate analysis to examine the evolving characteristics and mechanisms of hydrological droughts. Results show that extreme hydrological droughts are projected to occur more frequently across catchments in different climate zones. Precipitation stress is currently the primary driver of historical droughts, but with climate warming, air temperature variations may become the new primary driver in high-latitude cold catchments.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuanyu Cheng, Alexandre Baud, Irene Gregory-Eaves, Brigitte Simmatis, John P. Smol, Katherine Griffiths
Summary: Lakes worldwide are threatened by increasing environmental stressors, including climate change, nutrient-rich runoff, invasive species, and contamination. Long-term data and paleolimnology can help identify stressors and understand ecological changes. A study in Canada's Mixedwood Plains ecozone found that lakes have experienced ecological changes, with increasing planktic species and mesotrophic/eutrophic taxa in high-impact lakes.
JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alexandre Baud, John P. Smol, Carsten Meyer-Jacob, Michael Paterson, Pierre Francus, Irene Gregory-Eaves
Summary: Acidification and eutrophication are important stressors affecting water bodies globally. The influence of these stressors on metal accumulation in lake sediment is unclear. Through research and long-term monitoring, we found that eutrophication leads to higher lead accumulation in lake sediment, while acidification leads to lower lead accumulation.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Yuanyu Cheng, Neal Michelutti, Carsten Meyer-Jacob, Andrew M. Paterson, Wendel Keller, John M. Gunn, John P. Smol
Summary: Smelting activities have had a strong impact on the Sudbury region in Ontario, Canada since the late-nineteenth century, causing acidification and metal contamination in local ecosystems. Despite regulations to reduce acid deposition, the biological recovery processes in previously acidified lakes have not fully returned to their pre-disturbance conditions, with the dominance of an acidophilous planktonic taxon in recent decades. Legacy effects of acidification and climate warming are suspected to be the main driving factors for this taxon's prosperity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Haoshuang Han, Yunhe Yin, Yan Zhao, Feng Qin
Summary: The alpine vegetation of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is vulnerable to climatic fluctuations, and this study investigated the spatiotemporal variations of vegetation cover and its response to climatic changes. Results showed an overall increase in vegetation cover during the growing season, with greening in the north and browning in the south of the plateau. Precipitation was found to be the primary controlling factor for vegetation growth. This research provides new insights into the vegetation response to climate change in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiao Zhang, Zhuo Zheng, Kangyou Huang, Jun Cheng, Rachid Cheddadi, Yan Zhao, Chen Liang, Xiaoqiang Yang, Qiuchi Wan, Yongjie Tang, Cong Chen, Jie Li
Summary: This study reconstructed the past climate variability in monsoonal regions based on pollen data from three sites. The results show significant differences in precipitation and temperature between the last glacial cycle and the Holocene optimum. The study also reveals regional heterogeneity in climate during abrupt climate events, and highlights the influence of interhemispheric temperature gradients on Asian monsoon variability.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huai Chen, Zicheng Yu, Ning Wu, Yanfen Wang, Xinwei Liu
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jennifer A. Kissinger, Braden R. B. Gregory, Chloe Clarkson, Nell Libera, David C. Eickmeyer, Linda E. Kimpe, Joshua Kurek, John P. Smol, Jules M. Blais
Summary: This study assessed long-term drivers of potential pollution inputs to lakes in southwest Nova Scotia, Canada, using sediment cores and other indicators. The results showed that eutrophication, caused mainly by fur farming and other agricultural activities, is a major problem in the region. The study suggests that a multi-proxy approach has promising applications for environmental pollution assessments in lake ecosystems.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Katherine Griffiths, Adam Jeziorski, Dermot Antoniades, John P. Smol, Irene Gregory-Eaves
Summary: The study investigates the health status of Canadian lakes through the analysis of midge remains in sediment intervals. The study suggests that the distribution and dynamics of midge assemblages in Canadian lakes are strongly influenced by climate and deep-water oxygen conditions.
FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kevin J. Erratt, Irena F. Creed, David A. Lobb, John P. Smol, Charles G. Trick
Summary: Cyanobacterial blooms pose a significant threat to water security, with anthropogenic forcing being implicated as a key driver behind the recent upsurge and global expansion of cyanobacteria in modern times. The potential effects of land-use alterations and climate change can lead to complicated, less-predictable scenarios in cyanobacterial management, especially when forecasting cyanobacterial toxin risks.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kevin J. Erratt, Irena F. Creed, Elizabeth J. Favot, John P. Smol, Rolf D. Vinebrooke, David A. Lobb, Charles G. Trick
Summary: The global rise of cyanobacterial blooms necessitates the development of tools for managing cyanobacteria-prone water bodies. This study compares spectral inferences using VNIRS with molecular quantification using qPCR to reconstruct cyanobacterial abundance in sediments. The findings suggest that VNIRS is suitable for reconstructing recent cyanobacterial prevalence, but further refinement is needed in some cases.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
C. A. T. Wilkins, K. M. Ruhland, A. M. Paterson, J. P. Smol
Summary: Cache Lake, located in Ontario, Canada, was subjected to a fertilizer experiment in 1946 and 1947, which had long-term effects on the lake's diatom communities. Despite returning to its original oligotrophic state, the lake's diatom composition never fully recovered from the experiment.
JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jia Zeng, Qin Cao, Yinping Bai, Huai Chen, Mingxue Liu, Yi He, Huichao He, Wenyuan Hu, Gang Yang
Summary: Semiconductor minerals in peatlands play a significant role in soil carbon stability. Decreased water table increases the photo electrochemical activity of semiconductor minerals, promoting soil carbon mineralization.
LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiuan Zhu, Huai Chen, Changhui Peng, Jinxun Liu, Shilong Piao, Jin-Sheng He, Shiping Wang, Xinquan Zhao, Jiang Zhang, Xiuqin Fang, Jiaxin Jin, Qi-En Yang, Liliang Ren, Yanfen Wang
Summary: Intense grazing may lead to grassland degradation on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Current grazing activity in the region is mostly sustainable, with the stocking rate below the threshold in about 80% of grassland areas. Positive effects of climate change can partly offset negative effects of grazing, but only in areas below the stocking rate threshold. Keeping the stocking rate within 50% to 70% of the threshold can balance human demands with grassland protection in the face of climate change.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanfen Wang, Kai Xue, Ronghai Hu, Boyang Ding, Hong Zeng, Ruijin Li, Bin Xu, Zhe Pang, Xiaoning Song, Congjia Li, Jianqing Du, Xiuchun Yang, Zelin Zhang, Yanbin Hao, Xiaoyong Cui, Ke Guo, Qingzhu Gao, Yangjian Zhang, Juntao Zhu, Jian Sun, Yaoming Li, Lili Jiang, Huakun Zhou, Caiyun Luo, Zhenhua Zhang, Qingbo Gao, Shilong Chen, Baoming Ji, Xingliang Xu, Huai Chen, Qi Li, Liang Zhao, Shixiao Xu, Yali Liu, Linyong Hu, Jianshuang Wu, Qien Yang, Shikui Dong, Jinsheng He, Xinquan Zhao, Shiping Wang, Shilong Piao, Guirui Yu, Bojie Fu
Summary: This study utilized multivariate data fusion and deep learning to analyze the structural changes in plant communities in alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau. The results revealed an increase in the proportion of alpine meadows, a strengthening of dominant vegetation types, and variations in the driving factors depending on the vegetation type.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Furong Li, Marie-Jose Gaillard, Xianyong Cao, Ulrike Herzschuh, Shinya Sugita, Jian Ni, Yan Zhao, Chengbang An, Xiaozhong Huang, Yu Li, Hongyan Liu, Aizhi Sun, Yifeng Yao
Summary: This study presents the first gridded and temporally continuous quantitative pollen-based plant-cover reconstruction for temperate and northern subtropical China over the Holocene. The dataset provides valuable information for palaeoclimate modelling and assessing past vegetation cover. The dataset includes estimates of plant cover and standard errors for 27 plant taxa in the study region.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2023)
