Article
Immunology
Tayrine Ordonio Filgueira, Paulo Roberto Cavalcanti Carvalho, Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes, Angela Castoldi, Ana Maria Teixeira, Renata Bezerra de Albuquerque, Jose Luiz de Lima-Filho, Fabricio Oliveira Souto
Summary: COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which leads to severe systemic disorders due to high levels of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines. This study found that supervised exercise can modulate the immune response in individuals with post-COVID-19, suggesting its potential to mitigate the inflammatory process associated with COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Horacio Sanchez-Trigo, Carol Maher, Job G. Godino, Borja Sanudo
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of a non-supervised exercise program delivered and monitored through wearable technology and an mHealth app on bone mineral density (BMD). The intervention group showed significant improvements in BMD and physical fitness measures compared to the control group, suggesting the potential of this intervention for osteoporosis prevention.
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Federica Buccino, Luigi Zagra, Elena Longo, Lorenzo D'Amico, Giuseppe Banfi, Filippo Berto, Giuliana Tromba, Laura Maria Vergani
Summary: This study used an AI-based tool to investigate and validate four clinical hypotheses by examining osteocyte lacunae on a large scale. The findings suggest that trabecular bone features and micro-scale bone characteristics have an impact on fracture initiation and osteoporosis can be detected through changes in osteocyte lacunar features. The study also found that COVID-19 worsens micro-scale porosities in a statistically significant manner, similar to osteoporotic condition. Incorporating these findings with existing clinical and diagnostic tools can prevent micro-scale damages from progressing into critical fractures.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luigi di Filippo, Anna Maria Formenti, Mauro Doga, Erika Pedone, Patrizia Rovere-Querini, Andrea Giustina
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and clinical impact of vertebral fractures (VFs) in COVID-19 patients, finding that patients with VFs were more likely to have comorbidities like hypertension and coronary artery disease, require noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and have a higher mortality rate, especially those with severe VFs. The study suggests that morphometric thoracic vertebral evaluation should be performed in all suspected COVID-19 patients undergoing chest x-rays.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Salamanna, Melania Maglio, Maria Sartori, Maria Paola Landini, Milena Fini
Summary: Global data suggest a correlation between severe vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19-associated coagulopathy, indicating a potential hypercoagulable state in severe COVID-19 patients that may lead to thrombosis. The interplay between vitamin D and platelets plays a significant role not only in coagulation and thrombosis but also in inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and immune response. Additionally, vitamin D and platelets are also linked to mineral metabolism and bone health, suggesting a potential impact on bone fragility and osteoporosis in severe COVID-19 patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Xianfang Tang, Lijun Cai, Yajie Meng, JunLin Xu, Changcheng Lu, Jialiang Yang
Summary: The study established a dataset including 34 viruses, 210 drugs, and 437 confirmed related virus-drug pairs, and the IRNMF method outperformed other methods in terms of performance. Analysis on COVID-19 infection cases suggested that the IRNMF algorithm could prioritize unknown virus-drug associations.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francesca Maffei, Alice Masini, Sofia Marini, Angela Buffa, Nazzarena Malavolta, Pasqualino Maietta Latessa, Laura Dallolio
Summary: This study investigated the effect of an adapted physical activity program on postmenopausal women with osteoporotic vertebral fractures. The program did not affect the serum concentrations of bone turnover biomarkers, but women in the exercise group showed significant improvement in functional capacity and a decrease in the risk and fear of falls.
Article
Sport Sciences
Leigh Gabel, Anna-Maria Liphardt, Paul A. Hulme, Martina Heer, Sara R. Zwart, Jean D. Sibonga, Scott M. Smith, Steven K. Boyd
Summary: The study revealed that long-duration spaceflight leads to significant decreases in bone density and strength in astronauts, while pre-flight markers of bone turnover and exercise history can help identify individuals at risk for bone loss. Additionally, increasing training volume can help prevent loss of bone strength and density.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hugo Rodrigues Alves, Guilherme Schittine Bezerra Lomba, Cassiano Felippe Goncalves-de-Albuquerque, Patricia Burth
Summary: Irisin produced during exercise plays a crucial role in improving metabolism, preventing inflammation-related diseases, and potentially combating conditions like COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hasmik Jasmine Samvelyan, John Cummings Mathers, Timothy Michael Skerry
Summary: The study suggests that fasting/feeding interventions can enhance bone response to mechanical loading in young mice, but not in older mice. The endocrine responses to feeding timing differ between older and young mice, which may affect bone adaptation to loading.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuan-Wei Zhang, Mu-Min Cao, Ying-Juan Li, Xiang-Xu Chen, Qian Yu, Yun-Feng Rui
Summary: Osteoporosis is a bone disease that can result in bone fragility and fractures. Exercise is an effective intervention for preventing and treating osteoporosis and has been found to have an impact on gut microbiota and bone metabolism. This review discusses the effects and mechanisms of exercise intervention on gut microbiota and bone metabolism.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Paul K. Mvula, Paula Branco, Guy-Vincent Jourdan, Herna L. Viktor
Summary: Due to technological advances, more people are changing their way of living to use electronic resources, which has attracted cybercriminals. The COVID-19 pandemic has made individuals vulnerable to cyberattacks, and these attacks continue to increase. Effective and innovative solutions are needed to tackle this issue.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Qi Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the impact of exercise experience on aggression among college students and explored the mediating effects of mood and exercise attitude. The results showed that mood and exercise attitude play a crucial role in alleviating the influence of exercise experience on aggression.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Katherine Brooke-Wavell, Dawn A. Skelton, Karen L. Barker, Emma M. Clark, Sarah De Biase, Susanne Arnold, Zoe Paskins, Katie R. Robinson, Rachel M. Lewis, Jonathan H. Tobias, Kate A. Ward, Julie Whitney, Sarah Leyland
Summary: Exercise and physical activity can improve bone strength and reduce the risk of falls in people with osteoporosis. Resistance and impact exercise, activities to improve strength and balance, and spinal extension exercise are recommended to optimize bone strength, reduce falls, and improve posture. The benefits of physical activity generally outweigh the risks.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Xiaohe Luo, Marianne Lauwers, Paul G. Layer, Chunyi Wen
Summary: Acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that degrades acetylcholine, plays a crucial role in cholinergic regulation by terminating its action. It is not only present in brain and nerve tissues but also in non-neuronal tissues like the immune system and bone tissue. Understanding the non-neuronal roles of AChE in bone development, homeostasis, and degeneration could provide insights for potential therapeutic strategies for bone diseases like osteoporosis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alex Ireland, Uwe Mittag, Hans Degens, Dieter Felsenberg, Ari Heinonen, Erika Koltai, Marko T. Korhonen, Jamie S. McPhee, Igor Mekjavic, Rado Pisot, Rainer Rawer, Zsolt Radak, Bostjan Simunic, Harri Suominen, Joern Rittweger
Summary: The study found that muscle power, force, height, and Esslingen Fitness Index declined over time, but power athletes had higher values compared to endurance athletes. There were no significant interactions involving sex, discipline, or sex*discipline over time, indicating similar changes in variables for athletes of both sexes and disciplines.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Curtis Fennell, Thomas Eremus, Moises Grimaldi Puyana, Borja Sanudo
Summary: This study found that COVID-19 lockdown has an impact on mood and objective physical activity. During the lockdown, participants showed poorer mood and less physical activity. Objective physical activity was negatively associated with depression, anger, and total mood disturbance, and positively associated with vigor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Jonas Boecker, Marie-Therese Schmitz, Uwe Mittag, Jens Jordan, Joern Rittweger
Summary: By analyzing pQCT datasets of the lower leg, we developed a new statistical approach to improve quantification of individual responses to bed rest interventions. The results showed a decrease in measurement uncertainty over time and significant and substantial individual variability, with greater variability in bones than in muscles, which could be explained by improved measurement procedures and higher standardization.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Horacio Sanchez-Trigo, Emilio Molina-Martinez, Moises Grimaldi-Puyana, Borja Sanudo
Summary: This study developed a machine learning model to identify risk factors for poor sleep quality in young adults. The findings showed that depressed mood, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and vigor were the primary features that distinguished sleep quality. These findings can contribute to improving prevention strategies and intervention programs.
PSYCHOLOGY & HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Dominik Pesta, Jule Heieis, Olga Hand, Petra Frings-Meuthen, Katrin Marcus, Christoph S. Clemen, Ben Levine, Hesham Sadek, Fabian Hoffmann, Ulrich Limper, Jens Jordan, Wolfram Sies, Jens Tank, Jochen Zange, Joern Rittweger
Summary: This study aims to assess changes in muscle volume after exposure to low oxygen levels. The results indicate that low oxygen levels can lead to muscle loss in athletes, especially in proximal muscles. This has important implications for the training and performance of mountaineers.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nolan Herssens, James Cowburn, Kirsten Albracht, Bjoern Braunstein, Dario Cazzola, Steffi Colyer, Alberto E. Minetti, Gaspare Pavei, Jorn Rittweger, Tobias Weber, David A. Green
Summary: This paper aims to define an experimental protocol and methodology to estimate lower limb internal joint reaction forces in high-fidelity hypogravity conditions. By collecting state-of-the-art kinetics, kinematics, muscle activation and muscle-tendon behavior data, a musculoskeletal modeling framework will be used to estimate joint loading. The results of this study will provide first estimations of internal musculoskeletal loads associated with human movement performed in a range of hypogravity levels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna-Maria Liphardt, Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo, Kirsten Albracht, Joern Rittweger, Laurence Vico
Summary: Based on the European Space Agency (ESA) Science in Space Environment (SciSpacE) community White Paper Human Physiology - Musculoskeletal system, this perspective highlights unmet needs and suggests new avenues for future studies in musculoskeletal research to enable crewed exploration missions. Data collection from current space missions would provide important information to understand musculoskeletal alterations during long-term spaceflight. Understanding the kinetics and molecular mechanisms of the musculoskeletal system is crucial for addressing potential musculoskeletal problems that future exploratory-mission crew will face. Technical advances in monitoring tools are necessary for providing in-flight real-time feedback.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dieter Blottner, Manuela Moriggi, Gabor Trautmann, Maria Hastermann, Daniele Capitanio, Enrica Torretta, Katharina Block, Joern Rittweger, Ulrich Limper, Cecilia Gelfi, Michele Salanova
Summary: This study analyzed the muscle adaptation to spaceflight in male International Space Station (ISS) astronauts. The results showed that long-duration mission (LDM) astronauts who performed routine inflight exercise had moderate myofiber atrophy compared to short-duration mission (SDM) astronauts, suggesting the importance of exercise in maintaining muscle health during spaceflight. These findings contribute to the understanding of skeletal muscle adaptation and provide valuable information for future deep space exploration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessa L. Boschert, Peter Gauger, Anja Bach, Darius Gerlach, Bernd Johannes, Jens Jordan, Zhili Li, David Elmenhorst, Andreas Bauer, Karina Marshall-Goebel, Jens Tank, Jochen Zange, Jorn Rittweger
Summary: In this study, the effect of acute head-down tilt position on the mean flow of the intra- and extracranial vessels was assessed. The results suggest a shift from the external to the internal system that might play an important role in the pathomechanism of SANS.
Article
Physiology
Jule Heieis, Jonas Boecker, Olfa D'Angelo, Uwe Mittag, Kirsten Albracht, Eckhard Schoenau, Andreas Meyer, Thomas Voigtmann, Joern Rittweger
Summary: It has been found that muscle fascicle curvature increases with increasing contraction level and decreasing muscle-tendon complex length. The researchers suggest that there is a correlation between fascicle arching and contraction, muscle-tendon complex length, and their associated architectural parameters.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jousielle Marcia dos Santos, Redha Taiar, Vanessa Goncalves Cesar Ribeiro, Vanessa Kelly da Silva Lage, Pedro Henrique Scheidt Figueiredo, Henrique Silveira Costa, Vanessa Pereira Lima, Borja Sanudo, Mario Bernardo-Filho, Danubia da Cunha de Sa-Caputo, Marco Fabricio Dias Peixoto, Vanessa Amaral Mendonca, Amandine Rapin, Ana Cristina Rodrigues Lacerda
Summary: This study investigated the effects of whole-body vibration training (WBVT) on oxidative stress markers, plasma irisin levels, and body composition in women with fibromyalgia. The results showed that WBVT increased irisin levels, reduced oxidative stress markers, and improved body composition. WBVT had significant benefits in reducing cell damage and improving oxidative balance in women with fibromyalgia.
BIOENGINEERING-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Friederike Thomasius, Dominik Pesta, Joern Rittweger
Summary: Despite 2 h of daily exercise training, muscle wasting and bone loss still occur after 6-month missions to the international space station. Space agencies are now considering pharmacological strategies to address this issue.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Horacio Sanchez-Trigo, Wolfgang Kemmler, Gustavo Duque, Borja Sanudo
Summary: This randomized controlled trial investigates the effect of bone turnover markers on physical activity intervention, finding that it can improve bone mineral density in premenopausal women and the markers may be useful for early assessment. Further research is needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicolas Pilot, Leandro Pisani, Sergio Luscher, Leandro Mackler, Alex Ireland, Joern Rittweger, Jose Luis Ferretti, Gustavo Roberto Cointry, Ricardo Francisco Capozza
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)