Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
Volume 79, Issue 15, Pages 1506-1518Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.08.081
Keywords
aortic valve; mitral valve; sex-based differences; tricuspid valve
Categories
Funding
- Chief Scientific Officer for the Echocardiography Core Laboratory at the Cardiovascular Research Foundation
- Medtronic
- Abbott Vascular
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There are numerous sex-based differences in valvular heart disease, including pathophysiology, disease progression, compensation, comorbidities, severity assessment, hemodynamics, and procedural risks/benefits. Understanding sex-specific responses to valvular heart disease can improve disease recognition, treatment strategies, and outcomes.
Numerous sex-based differences are observed across the spectrum of valvular heart disease, starting with pathophysiology and progression of disease, moving on to compensation and comorbidities (both cardiovascular such as coronary artery disease and noncardiovascular such as frailty), assessment of severity and hemodynamics including timing of intervention, and procedural risks/benefits and outcomes. The aortic valve is perhaps best understood with sex differences in both pathologic changes and response to volume and pressure overload, yet large gaps in our understanding still exist. Studies of other valve diseases have focused on differences in prevalence, presentation, and outcomes for surgical or transcatheter therapies. Defining sex-specific responses to valvular heart disease may improve disease recognition, define treatment strategies, and improve outcomes. (c) Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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