Journal
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
Volume 50, Issue 4, Pages 1099-1108Publisher
IOS PRESS
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-150811
Keywords
Cognition; memory; prospective studies; vitamin D
Categories
Funding
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [HHSN268201200036C, HHSN2682 00800007C, N01 HC55222, N01HC85079, N01HC 85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086, HL080295]
- National Institute on Aging (NIA) [AG023629, AG20098, AG15928, HL084443]
- Netherlands Ministry of Health Welfare and Sports, Directorate of Long-Term Care
- Alzheimer's Association [NIRG-11-200737]
- Mary Kinross Charitable Trust
- Halpin Trust
- Age Related Diseases and Health Trust
- Norman Family Charitable Trust
- Rosetreees Trust
- James Tudor Foundation
- UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC)
- National Institute for Health Research [KMRF-2013-02-02] Funding Source: researchfish
- Rosetrees Trust [M385] Funding Source: researchfish
- DIVISION OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS [N01HC055222, N01HC085083, N01HC085081, N01HC085079, N01HC085080, N01HC085082, N01HC085086] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL080295, U01HL080295, R01HL085083, R01HL084443] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING [R01AG020098, R56AG023629, R56AG020098, R01AG015928, R01AG023629, P50AG005133] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked with dementia risk, cognitive decline, and executive dysfunction. However, the association with memory remains largely unknown. Objective: To investigate whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) concentrations are associated with memory decline. Methods: We used data on 1,291 participants from the US Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and 915 participants from the Dutch Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) who were dementia-free at baseline, had valid vitamin D measurements, and follow-up memory assessments. The Benton Visual Retention Test (in the CHS) and Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test (in the LASA) were used to assess visual and verbal memory, respectively. Results: In the CHS, those moderately and severely deficient in serum 25(OH) D changed -0.03 SD (95% CI: -0.06 to 0.01) and -0.10 SD (95% CI: -0.19 to -0.02) per year respectively in visual memory compared to those sufficient (p = 0.02). In the LASA, moderate and severe deficiency in serum 25(OH) D was associated with a mean change of 0.01 SD (95% CI: -0.01 to 0.02) and -0.01 SD (95% CI: -0.04 to 0.02) per year respectively in verbal memory compared to sufficiency (p = 0.34). Conclusions: Our findings suggest an association between severe vitamin D deficiency and visual memory decline but no association with verbal memory decline. They warrant further investigation in prospective studies assessing different memory subtypes.
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