Article
Neurosciences
Haichao Zhao, Jian Cheng, Tao Liu, Jiyang Jiang, Forrest Koch, Perminder S. Sachdev, Peter J. Basser, Wei Wen
Summary: White matter abnormalities, such as orientational changes in specific fiber tracts, were found to be prominent in Alzheimer's disease patients compared to cognitively normal individuals. In contrast, individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment showed subtle changes in specific fiber tracts that were associated with cognitive performance. These findings suggest that white matter fiber orientation information could offer valuable insights into the pathology of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mingxi Dang, Qian Chen, Xiaobin Zhao, Kewei Chen, Xin Li, Junying Zhang, Jie Lu, Lin Ai, Yaojing Chen, Zhanjun Zhang
Summary: The study investigates the spatial distribution of ATN biomarkers and their relationship with cognitive impairment and NPS in AD patients. The results show that tau deposition occurs mainly in the inferior temporal lobes of AD and overlaps extensively with hypometabolic regions. In contrast, A beta deposition is unique and hypometabolism is widely distributed. Tau and hypometabolism increase monotonically with worsening cognitive impairment in the late stages of AD. NPS in AD is closely associated with tau deposition, followed by hypometabolism, but not with A beta. Hypometabolism and tau have higher accuracy in distinguishing AD patients from controls than A beta, and the combination of all three has the highest accuracy.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Lauren E. McCollum, Sandhitsu R. Das, Long Xie, Robin de Flores, Jieqiong Wang, Sharon X. Xie, Laura E. M. Wisse, Paul A. Yushkevich, David A. Wolk
Summary: The study compared cognitive and neuroimaging characteristics between mismatch MCI, prodromal AD, and neurodegeneration-only MCI groups, finding that mismatch MCI had fewer AD-like features compared to prodromal AD and resembled neurodegeneration-only MCI more closely. This suggests that considering beta-amyloid status alone may not accurately identify the underlying driver of symptoms in MCI patients.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Guimei Zhang, Zicheng Wang, Huiling Hu, Meng Zhao, Li Sun
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a common type of age-related dementia, where dysregulated microglia activity can lead to chronic neuroinflammation, promote pathological protein accumulation, and impair mitophagy. Targeting microglia may offer new therapeutic interventions for the disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lihong Zhu, Qiongru Yuan, Zhaohao Zeng, Ruiyi Zhou, Rixin Luo, Jiawei Zhang, Chi Kwan Tsang, Wei Bi
Summary: The study demonstrates that rifampicin improves cognitive impairment induced by LPS by enhancing autophagy, inhibiting Aβ(1-42) accumulation, and enhancing neurological function in the hippocampus.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Moazzama Akbar, Anam Shabbir, Kanwal Rehman, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Muhammad Ajmal Shah
Summary: Berberine, an important quinoline alkaloid, shows potential as a promising substance for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) by offering neuroprotective effects and reducing the deposition of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. It also exhibits a protective effect against risk factors associated with AD, such as neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Further research is needed to explore the bioavailability, safety, and new perspectives of berberine in limiting AD-related pathogenesis and risk factors.
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Yuehua Huang, Xiaoyu Li, Guifei Luo, Junli Wang, Ranhui Li, Chuyi Zhou, Teng Wan, Fenglian Yang
Summary: This paper reviews the recent research progress on pyroptosis and focuses on the pathogenic roles of pyroptosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the potential of targeted inhibition of inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis for AD treatment.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Federico Verde, Edoardo Nicolo Aiello, Ilaria Milone, Eleonora Giacopuzzi Grigoli, Antonella Dubini, Antonia Ratti, Barbara Poletti, Nicola Ticozzi, Vincenzo Silani
Summary: This study compared the distribution of T +/- profiles among A+patients with MCI and dementia. The results showed that A+T+ profiles were predominant in both groups, contradicting the common notion of A+T- profiles being more prevalent in MCI patients.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Benjamin R. Troutwine, Laylan Hamid, Colton R. Lysaker, Taylor A. Strope, Heather M. Wilkins
Summary: Genetic variation in the APOE gene is associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The APOE epsilon 4 alleles are the strongest genetic risk factor for late onset sporadic AD, while the APOE epsilon 2 alleles have lower risk and the APOE epsilon 3 alleles have neutral risk.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kelly Ceyzeriat, Benjamin B. Tournier, Philippe Millet, Giovanna Dipasquale, Nikolaos Koutsouvelis, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Valentina Garibotto, Thomas Zilli
Summary: This study found that low-dose radiation therapy (LD-RT) reduced amyloid load and possibly neuroinflammation markers in early-stage Alzheimer's disease, but did not impact tauopathy.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
William J. Ray, Virginie Buggia-Prevot
Summary: Genetic studies have shown the central role of beta-amyloid in autosomal dominant AD, but amyloid-targeted therapies have not been successful in slowing disease progression. Microglia may play a role in promoting tau pathology after amyloid deposition, leading to neurodegeneration.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE, VOL 72, 2021
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alar Kaskikallio, Mira Karrasch, Juha Koikkalainen, Jyrki Lotjonen, Juha O. Rinne, Terhi Tuokkola, Riitta Parkkola, Petra Gronholm-Nyman
Summary: This study examined the relationship between WMH and verbal fluency in healthy elderly individuals and those with MCI/AD, finding associations between WMH in certain brain areas and impaired semantic fluency, particularly in right-handed participants. Elevated levels of WMH were not found to have cumulative effects on verbal fluency impairment in patients with MCI or AD, suggesting further research is needed in this area.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Caixia Zang, Hui Liu, Junmei Shang, Hanyu Yang, Lu Wang, Chanjuan Sheng, Zihong Zhang, Xiuqi Bao, Yang Yu, Xinsheng Yao, Dan Zhang
Summary: The study demonstrates that GJ-4 improves cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice by reducing A beta levels, inhibiting tau protein phosphorylation, and suppressing neuroinflammatory responses. These findings provide a basis for further development of GJ-4 as a potential treatment for AD.
Article
Neurosciences
Jacob M. Basak, Aura Ferreiro, Lucy S. Cohen, Patrick W. Sheehan, Collin J. Nadarajah, Michael F. Kanan, Kimberley V. Sukhum, Gautam Dantas, Erik S. Musiek
Summary: The study reveals that sepsis may exacerbate amyloid plaque deposition and plaque-related inflammation, potentially leading to increased dementia in older sepsis survivors.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ziyad M. Althafar
Summary: This study summarizes the molecular pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the activities of microglia in the adult brain, the role of microglia in the aging brain, and the significance of targeting microglia for the treatment of AD.