Journal
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volume 430, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128375
Keywords
Sludge; Biochar; Pyrolysis; Adsorption mechanism; Advanced oxidation processes; Free radical
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [72088101, 51739004, 21776066]
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This paper reviews the application mechanisms of sludge biochar and its composites in adsorption and advanced oxidation processes. The synthesis techniques and influencing factors are studied to reveal the mechanisms behind their adsorption performance and catalytic efficiency. The paper discusses the different mechanisms of sludge biochar in adsorption and catalytic processes, and presents challenges and perspectives for their application from a mechanistic point of view.
With the accelerated industrialization, more and more sewage sludge (SS) needs to be treated properly. The conversion of sludge into harmless biochar material with dual utilization value of adsorption and catalysis by pyrolysis is in line with the concept of sustainable development. However, the reaction mechanisms of pristine sludge biochar (SDBC) and its composites (SDBCs) in adsorption, persulfate (PS), and Fenton-like advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are very closely related to its adsorption performance and catalytic efficiency. In this paper, from the application mechanisms of SDBC in adsorption and AOPs, we review in detail the common methods for synthesizing SDBC and their characteristics. We discuss the synthesis techniques that affect the structural, chemical, and catalytic properties of SDBC, including gasification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal carbonation (HTC). The pyrolysis temperature, environmental factors, and sludge characteristics have important effects on the properties of SDBC, leading to different mechanisms in adsorption and catalytic processes. Furthermore, this paper systematically generalizes the mechanisms of SDBCs in adsorption, where 7C-7C interactions and electrostatic attractions are the main adsorption mechanisms. Then, activation mechanisms of SDBCs in PS and Fenton-like AOPs systems are discussed, including free radical pathways and non-free radical pathways. Finally, we present several challenges and perspectives for the application of SDBC and SDBCs in the field of adsorption, PS, and Fenton-like AOPs from the mechanistic point of views.
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