Review
Cell Biology
Kyu Hwan Kwack, Hyeon-Woo Lee
Summary: Dental caries is a common disease that causes damage to teeth and pulp tissue. Dental pulp stem cells have multipotency, high proliferation rate, and immunosuppressive properties, making them ideal for regenerating damaged pulp tissue.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ella Ohlsson, Kerstin M. Galler, Matthias Widbiller
Summary: Efforts in tissue engineering to repair damaged dental pulp tissue have shown positive results, but clinical measures cannot distinguish between true regeneration and repair. Therefore, research models are crucial in understanding treatment outcomes and advancing dental pulp regeneration. This review provides information on various in vitro and in vivo models, discusses the differences between monolayer and three-dimensional cell cultures, presents a new in vivo transplantation model for dental pulp regeneration, and introduces different animal models used for in vivo research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Fenyao Li, Xinxin Wang, Jin Shi, Shuting Wu, Wenbo Xing, Yan He
Summary: Dental pulp stem cells have strong immunomodulatory capabilities and can be used to treat inflammation-related diseases and autoimmune disorders. The mechanism of action is complex and may involve the regulation of immune cells through inflammatory immune-related signaling pathways.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Mohammed Zayed, Koichiro Iohara, Hideto Watanabe, Mami Ishikawa, Michiyo Tominaga, Misako Nakashima
Summary: The study found that hypoxia-preconditioned DPSCs (hpDPSCs) have advantages in proliferation rate and stemness, making them a potential effective source for pulp regeneration.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xue-Mei Zhang, Yang Sun, Ying-Lian Zhou, Zhuo-Min Jiao, Dan Yang, Yuan-Jiao Ouyang, Mei-Yu Yu, Jin-Yue Li, Wei Li, Duo Wang, Hui Yue, Jin Fu
Summary: The study showed that dental pulp stem cell transplantation may be effective in treating vascular dementia by affecting brain tissue and improving cognitive function.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shalini Raik, Prakshi Sharma, Saroj Kumar, Vidya Rattan, Ashim Das, Navin Kumar, Radhika Srinivasan, Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
Summary: Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) spheroids generated in a three-dimensional (3D) culture system can better maintain stem cell characteristics and mimic the in vivo behavior of cells and tissue. In this study, the spheroids generated in ultra-low attachment flasks were extensively characterized and compared with monolayer culture derived cells. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) cultured under ultra-low attachment conditions formed compact and well-organized multicellular spheroids, exhibiting superior stemness, differentiation, and regenerative abilities compared to monolayer cells. The results suggest that scaffold-free 3D culture efficiently preserves DPSCs intrinsic properties and functionality, making it a feasible and efficient method for generating robust spheroids for various in vitro and in vivo therapeutic applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Amin Namjoynik, Md Asiful Islam, Mohammad Islam
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that the combination of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC)/stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) with scaffolds significantly enhances bone regeneration compared to scaffold-only groups in animal bone defect models. The effect is primarily driven by the percentage of new bone formation, indicating the potential of dental pulp stem cells for treating bone diseases.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Qiao Ruan, Shenglong Tan, Li Guo, Dandan Ma, Jun Wen
Summary: Prevascularization techniques have been proposed to solve the challenge of rapid vascularization in pulp regeneration. These techniques involve coculturing endothelial cells and pericytes to induce intercellular communication, and then introducing them into a customized artificial vascular bed or inducing self-assembly. However, there are still unresolved problems regarding cell sources, intercellular communication, and the construction of prevascularization systems for pulp regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuyang Chen, Xiayi Wang, Zhuoxuan Wu, Shiyu Jia, Mian Wan
Summary: Dental-derived stem cells, such as DPSCs, SHEDs, SCAPs, DFPCs, and PDLSCs, have excellent proliferation ability and multi-directional differentiation potential. They have significant application prospects in tissue regeneration due to their abundance, biocompatibility, and effectiveness. Epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in the biological functions of dental-derived stem cells, and their potential for pulp and periodontal regeneration is highly promising.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiannan Sun, Zimeng Zhuang, Rushui Bai, Jie Deng, Tianyi Xin, Yunfan Zhang, Qian Li, Bing Han
Summary: Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are ideal seed cells for cartilage tissue engineering due to their easy availability, multi-lineage differentiation ability, and high proliferation ability. This study demonstrates that the histone-modifying enzymes KDM3A and G9A regulate the chondrogenic differentiation of DPSCs by controlling the degradation of SOX9 protein through lysine methylation. KDM3A promotes chondrogenesis by boosting the protein level of SOX9, while G9A hinders chondrogenic differentiation by reducing the protein level of SOX9. The findings provide a theoretical basis to enhance the clinical use of DPSCs in cartilage tissue-engineering therapies.
Article
Cell Biology
Kajohnkiart Janebodin, Rakchanok Chavanachat, Aislinn Hays, Morayma Reyes Gil
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the role of VEGFR-2 in odontoblast differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) by knocking down the expression of VEGFR-2. The results showed that VEGFR-2 is crucial for odontoblast differentiation in DPSCs, and deficiency of VEGFR-2 may impair the differentiation of odontoblast cells.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Shankargouda Patil, Rodolfo Reda, Nezar Boreak, Hasan Ahmad Taher, Abdulaziz Abu Melha, Ashraf Albrakati, Thilla Sekar Vinothkumar, Mohammed Mustafa, Ali Robaian, Riyadh Alroomy, Rawabi Jaber Ahmed Kharaf, Taif Sharafuddin Kameli, Ahmed Alkahtani, Hosam Ali Baeshen, Vikrant R. Patil, Luca Testarelli
Summary: The study evaluated the adipogenic and osteogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells after administration of cordycepin, demonstrating significant effects on the adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of the cells.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ryo Kunimatsu, Tomoka Hiraki, Kodai Rikitake, Kengo Nakajima, Nurul Aisyah Rizky Putranti, Takaharu Abe, Kazuyo Ando, Ayaka Nakatani, Shuzo Sakata, Kotaro Tanimoto
Summary: This study assessed the effects of conditioned medium derived from human deciduous dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells on various cell types. It was found that the conditioned medium enhanced angiogenic potential and bone tissue regeneration.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Wen-Jin Chen, Jing Xie, Xi Lin, Ming-Hang Ou, Jun Zhou, Xiao-Lang Wei, Wen-Xia Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that LPS-preconditioned sEVs can enhance the proliferation, migration, angiogenesis, and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, leading to structurally improved regenerated tissue similar to normal dental pulp in vivo. These findings suggest that LPS-preconditioned sEVs play a significant role in dental pulp regeneration.
JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
J. F. Huo, M. L. Zhang, X. X. Wang, D. H. Zou
Summary: The study found that chrysin can promote osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and enhance DPSC-based bone formation in nude mice and rat models. Proteomics analysis revealed the crucial role of Smad3 in this process.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Marcus Lee, Sathya Kannan, Giridharan Muniraj, Vinicius Rosa, Wen Feng Lu, Jerry Y. H. Fuh, Gopu Sriram, Tong Cao
Summary: The role of angiogenesis in health and disease is gaining attention. Two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy provides high-quality imaging for studying the molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis. Understanding angiogenesis is important for studying disease responses, tissue model development, and therapeutic strategies.
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Shijia Hu, Giridharan Muniraj, Apurva Mishra, Kanglun Hong, Jing Li Lum, Catherine Hsu Ling Hong, Vinicius Rosa, Gopu Sriram
Summary: The study characterizes the cytotoxicity potential of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) and gingival equivalents. The results show that SDF can penetrate dentin and induce death of pulp cells, while also disrupting gingival epithelial integrity and causing mucosal corrosion.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Mi-Ah Kim, Vinicius Rosa, Kyung-San Min
Summary: This study investigated the antibacterial efficacy and cytotoxicity of two graphene derivatives - graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) - against Enterococcus faecalis in biofilms formed on hydroxyapatite discs. GO and RGO had similar antibacterial effects on E. faecalis biofilms. SEM images showed the ability of GO and RGO to disrupt E. faecalis, while GO had significantly higher cytotoxicity than RGO. The results suggest that RGO has the potential to be used as a more effective disinfecting agent than GO.
DENTAL MATERIALS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hardik Makkar, Ying Zhou, Kai Soo Tan, Chwee Teck Lim, Gopu Sriram
Summary: Gingival crevice and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) flow are crucial for maintaining gingival health and preventing periodontal disease. However, current in vitro models lack the dynamic nature of the gingival crevicular microenvironment, hindering the development of periodontal therapeutics. This study describes a microfluidic platform that mimics GCF flow to culture gingival connective tissue. The platform successfully replicated microbial colonization, biofilm formation, and early gingival inflammation in response to oral symbiont and periodontal pathogen exposure. The induction of flow attenuated the secretion of inflammatory mediators, demonstrating the protective effect of GCF flow.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yub Raj Neupane, Harish K. Handral, Syed Abdullah Alkaff, Wei Heng Chng, Gopalakrishnan Venkatesan, Chenyuan Huang, Choon Keong Lee, Jiong-Wei Wang, Gopu Sriram, Rhonnie Austria Dienzo, Wen Feng Lu, Yusuf Ali, Bertrand Czarny, Giorgia Pastorin
Summary: This study found that biomimetic cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs) can effectively promote wound healing and tissue regeneration by mimicking extracellular vesicles (EVs). The results showed that CDNs can enhance cell proliferation, cell migration, secretion of growth factors and extracellular matrix proteins, as well as angiogenesis, accelerating wound healing.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Toan V. Phan, Yamin Oo, Khurshid Ahmed, Teerapat Rodboon, Vinicius Rosa, Supansa Yodmuang, Joao N. Ferreira
Summary: Hyposalivation and severe dry mouth syndrome are common complications in HNC patients after radiation therapy. Conventional treatment with sialogogues is limited due to the destruction of the salivary gland's secretory parenchyma and reduced regenerative potential. Adipose mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSC) show promise in addressing this issue.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Arief Cahyanto, Marcos Vinicius Surmani Martins, Otavio Bianchi, Deepa Perumbodathu Sudhakaran, Nikolaos Sililkas, Sergio Graniero Echeverrigaray, Vinicius Rosa
Summary: This study investigated the effects of graphene oxide (GO) on the reliability and lifetime of PMMA. The results showed that GO improved the fatigue resistance and predicted lifetime of PMMA, but had no significant effect on its Weibull parameters.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
A. Cahyanto, P. Rath, T. X. Teo, S. S. Tong, R. Malhotra, B. N. Cavalcanti, L. Z. Lim, K. S. Min, D. Ho, W. F. Lu, V. Rosa
Summary: This study used Taguchi's methods and genetic algorithms to optimize the properties of calcium silicate cements, achieving personalized treatment for patients' specific needs. By simultaneously analyzing multiple input factors, the study successfully designed cement formulations with predicted properties, which were experimentally validated. The study also demonstrated the bioactivity of the cement in dental pulp stem cells.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hardik Makkar, Chwee Teck Lim, Kai Soo Tan, Gopu Sriram
Summary: Gingival connective tissue and its vasculature are important for the immune response against oral bacteria and act as a connection between the oral and systemic environments. However, there's a lack of models that mimic the complex features of vascularized gingival connective tissue and its interaction with oral bacteria, limiting our understanding of periodontal health and disease. In this study, the researchers developed vascularized gingival tissue models to study the interactions between oral bacteria and gingival tissues in different states. They found that different oral bacteria had different effects on the tissue, with some leading to disease symptoms. The models also showed potential for studying periodontitis and vascular diseases. Overall, the vascularized gingival tissue models provide an in vitro platform for studying host-microbiome interactions and immune response in periodontal health and disease, and may contribute to the development of new periodontal therapeutics.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Giridharan Muniraj, Rachel Hui Shuen Tan, Yichen Dai, Ruige Wu, Massimo Alberti, Gopu Sriram
Summary: Researchers have developed an in vitro microphysiological platform to mimic the complex microenvironment of gingiva. The platform allows for the biofabrication of stable gingival equivalents under long-term and air-liquid interface culture with flow conditions. The platform also models a diseased state with disrupted barrier function and assesses the transmucosal permeation of oral-care formulations. The platform provides a miniaturized and integrated platform for host-material and host-microbiome applications in gingival and oral mucosa research.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Paridhi Kimble, Sandra Stuhr, Neville McDonald, Akshaya Venugopalan, Marcia S. Campos, Bruno Cavalcanti
Summary: The restoration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) is a complex issue as there is still no agreement on the best approach. This study aimed to understand how dentists approach the restoration, comparing those with biomimetic dentistry training to those without. A survey was conducted with 78 general dentists who were asked to make restorative decisions on five extracted teeth with varying levels of structural loss. CAD/CAM reconstructions were used to analyze tooth loss volume and compare with survey results. The study found that biomimetic dentists were more likely to choose conservative treatment options rather than full coverage crowns, except when the volume of tooth loss was significant. This study also introduced a new method of digitally developing tooth loss volume for comparison.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Shiyao Liu, Ahmed El-Angbawi, Ruidong Ji, Vinicius Rosa, Nick Silikas
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of adding graphene to orthodontic fixed retainer adhesives on colour and optical transmission. The results showed that adding graphene significantly darkened the adhesive colour and reduced translucency, but had no adverse effect on degree of conversion. The optical transmission of the adhesive decreases with increasing graphene concentration.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Apurva Mishra, Ren Kai, Srividya Atkuru, Yichen Dai, Filippo Piccinini, Philip M. Preshaw, Gopu Sriram
Summary: The study developed a spheroid-on-chip microfluidic perfusion platform to culture periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC) spheroids and investigated the effects of interstitial fluid flow on their morphogenesis, cellular viability, and osteogenic differentiation. The results showed that fluid flow conditions led to larger PDLSC spheroids with improved viability and enhanced osteodifferentiation. This study lays the foundation for future research on the interactions between PDLSC spheroids, microbial pathogens, and biomaterials, and provides insights for the development of innovative therapies, tissue engineering strategies, and regenerative approaches for periodontitis.
BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Apurva Mishra, Ren Kai, Srividya Atkuru, Yichen Dai, Filippo Piccinini, Philip M. Preshaw, Gopu Sriram
Summary: In this study, the researchers integrated the spheroid culture of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) with a microfluidic perfusion platform to investigate the influence of interstitial fluid flow on PDLSC spheroids. They found that modulation of fluid flow conditions led to larger PDLSC spheroids with improved cellular viability and enhanced osteogenic differentiation. High-flow conditions also resulted in extensive calcium deposition. These findings highlight the importance of fluid flow in shaping the morphological and functional properties of PDLSC spheroids and offer insights for periodontal research.
BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
