Review
Engineering, Industrial
Jin Yang, J. P. Oliveira, Yulong Li, Caiwang Tan, Chenkai Gao, Yixuan Zhao, Zhishui Yu
Summary: The use of multi-material structures is an effective solution to reduce weight and emissions in the automotive industry. However, joining aluminum alloys to steels is challenging due to their mismatched properties. Laser-based processes have been explored to overcome this issue and this review examines the recent achievements and progress in this field, evaluating factors such as joining conditions, filler materials, microstructure, and mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
B. N. Manjunath, P. Jayaprakash, Avinash Mishra, H. S. Karthik, D. Arulkirubakaran, D. V. Kiran, N. Venkaiah
Summary: In modern engineering applications, there is a growing demand for reducing component weight while maintaining strength and integrity. Multiple materials are now being combined to meet this demand. However, joining dissimilar metals presents challenges due to the formation of intermetallic compounds and thermal stresses. The cold metal transfer method offers a solution by minimizing heat input and preventing the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Thanh Thuong Do, Siwhan Lee, Thi Tu Anh Bui, Thi Anh Nguyet Nguyen, Jong-Seok Lee, Heung Nam Han, Sung-Tae Hong
Summary: In this study, the simultaneous joining and forming of dissimilar steels were experimentally investigated using electrically assisted pressure joining (EAPJ) method. The results showed that sound solid-state joints were successfully fabricated and a target geometry was also successfully formed. The method can cause grain refinement and induce different microstructural changes in different zones, confirming the applicability of EAPJ in the simultaneous joining and forming of dissimilar steels.
STEEL RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Optics
Pol Sopena, Andong Wang, Alexandros Mouskeftaras, David Grojo
Summary: This study demonstrates the feasibility of transmission laser welding between silicon workpieces using nanosecond laser pulses, achieving a high shear joining strength. The remarkable performance can be achieved for similar and dissimilar semiconductors. This has significant implications for important technology developments.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Optics
Shuai Yan, Zhiyong Li, Linling Song, Yingqiao Zhang, Shouzheng Wei
Summary: The high thermal and electrical conductivity of copper and the low volume density of aluminum make them attractive in the microelectronics industry. However, the high reflectivity and high thermal conductivity between aluminum and copper lead to unstable energy absorptivity and welding process. Laser micro-welding technology has been widely used in the welding of dissimilar metals such as Al and Cu, and various welding parameters and filler materials have been discussed. Good Al-Cu dissimilar joints can achieve similar tensile/shear strength as Al base metals.
OPTICS AND LASERS IN ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Manufacturing
Mayank Verma, Shuja Ahmed, Probir Saha
Summary: Dissimilar micro-friction stir welding is a preferred choice for joining dissimilar materials with thickness <= 1000 μm, especially in miniaturized components. However, challenges such as differences in mechanical and thermal properties of the materials, as well as issues related to reduced sheet thickness, hinder its full potential applications.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vioni Dwi Sartika, Won Seok Choi, Gwanghyo Choi, Jaewook Han, Sung-Jin Chang, Won-Seok Ko, Blazej Grabowski, Pyuck-Pa Choi
Summary: This study reports the laser cladding of pure titanium on a CoCrMo alloy using directed energy deposition. The microstructural evolution and crack formation were investigated by varying the process parameters, particularly the laser power and powder feed rate. Cracks were observed in cladding layers with dilution rates higher than 5% due to the formation of the brittle Co2Ti intermetallic phase. The cracks were attributed to a mismatch in thermal expansion and resulting stress exceeding 440 MPa on the Co2Ti phase. Excessive laser energy caused chemical inhomogeneity and unmelted Ti powder particles, while insufficient laser energy resulted in a lack of fusion. Optimal conditions with a powder feed rate of 3 g/min and a laser power of 225-300 W minimized the dilution rate to less than 5% and resulted in cladding layers consisting of pure alpha-Ti and a uniform CoTi interface with Co2Ti islands.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kota Kurabayashi, Takeshi Wada, Hidemi Kato
Summary: This letter investigates the joining of immiscible pure iron and pure magnesium using solid metal deal-loying. The Fe-Mg bicontinuous composite was formed at the weld interface by diffusion bonding and SMD. The Ni composition in the interlayer greatly influenced the weld strength, with optimal results obtained at 30 < x < 50 at.%.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Wei Liao, Suning Zhao, Ming Gao
Summary: By introducing beam oscillation, the bonding strength between polymers and metals can be significantly improved. Beam oscillation helps eliminate or reduce interface defects, resulting in increased tensile shear force and plasticity of the joint.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qiaoling Chu, Tuo Xia, Lin Zhang, Pengkang Zhao, Min Zhang, Jianming Zheng, Fuxue Yan, Peng Cheng, Cheng Yan
Summary: In this research, Cu-base fillers with different V ratios were designed for the butt joining of explosion-welded titanium/steel bimetallic plate. It was found that the V content significantly influenced the formation of compounds at the weld interfaces, which in turn affected the mechanical properties of the weld metals. Strategies for improving the overall mechanical properties in the future were suggested.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Senlin Shu, Haobo Wang, Zhuowei Wang, Bo Han, Tao Xiang, Bo An, Lei Feng
Summary: This research provides the first attempt to investigate the online Similar-Dissimilar (SD) classification problem. Two online SD classification methods are proposed, and their effectiveness is validated through theoretical analysis and extensive experiments.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shovan Dan, Binita Mondal, Sudip Kumar Saha, Sudipta Mondal, R. Ranganathan, Manoranjan Kumar, Chandan Mazumdar
Summary: We report the formation and physical properties of a new polymorphic phase of NdIr3, along with those of one earlier reported phase, formed together during the synthesis process. The magnetic properties of these two phases are of contrasting characters: the former becomes ferromagnetic at low temperatures, while the latter remains paramagnetic down to the lowest measured temperature. Interestingly, the cubic AuBe5-type phase shows an uncanny similarity to the recently reported rhombohedral PuNi3-type phase of the same compound.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Zilin Hao, Xuan Li, Jinglin Liu, Yuming Xie, Qi Wen, Xiangchen Meng, Yongxian Huang, Long Wan
Summary: To achieve strong joint performance and high processing efficiency of dissimilar metals, a novel hybrid process called Expanding-Welding method (EW) was proposed. Molecular dynamics analysis and experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of this method. The successful application of this process can increase energy efficiency in industries such as petroleum and chemical sectors.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Michael Wiegand, Linda Marks, Niklas Sommer, Stefan Boehm
Summary: In this study, commercially pure titanium (cp, grade 4) thin sheet geometries were butt-welded to AISI 316L stainless steel and Nitinol using micro electron beam welding with intermediate layers of tantalum, niobium, and hafnium. The use of these filler materials ensures biocompatibility and makes the final products suitable for medical technology applications. The high-quality and crack-free joints produced via micro electron beam welding, along with the analysis of the welded joints using nanoindentation and electron backscatter diffraction, allow for the evaluation of compatibility and the selection of the most promising filler material for the given material combinations.
WELDING IN THE WORLD
(2023)
Review
Materials Science, Composites
Bala Murali Nagarajan, Manikandan Manoharan
Summary: This article provides a detailed discussion of the bonding mechanism of hybrid joints between metal and polymers. It covers various welding processes such as friction stir welding, friction stir spot joining, friction riveting, laser welding, ultrasonic welding, and induction welding. The defects and mechanical properties are analyzed, and the microstructure of different hybrid joints is reviewed.
JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
N. B. Karthik Babu, S. Muthukumaran, T. Ramesh, S. Arokiasamy
Summary: This study presents a method to prepare multiphase composites using coir pith and investigates their mechanical and thermal properties. The mechanical properties of the composites were enhanced, with improved interfacial bonding between fillers and matrix, leading to increased tensile strength.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
K. R. Sampreet, Vasareddy Mahidhar, R. Karthic Narayanan, T. Deepan Bharathi Kannan
Summary: This study utilized ANN and GA to determine the optimal parameters for laser welding of Hastelloy C-276, including laser power, welding speed, and shielding gas flow rate. Experimental validation tests showed that these parameters provided satisfactory weld metal characteristics.
SURFACE REVIEW AND LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
C. Pradeep Raja, T. Ramesh
Summary: This article discusses the influence of different categories of size effects on the micro manufacturing process, including the impact of materials, process conditions, downsizing, and other parameters on the production of micro parts.
ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
V. V. Ramakrishna, S. Kavita, T. Ramesh, Ravi Gautam, R. Gopalan
Summary: The study found that using different feed rates in jet milling during the preparation of Mn50Bi50 alloy can affect the phase composition and magnetic properties of the alloy. Jet milling of the crushed alloy leads to changes in coercivity and magnetization. Additionally, it was observed that increasing the feed rate during jet milling can lead to a decrease in both coercivity and magnetization.
JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND NOVEL MAGNETISM
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
C. Kailasanathan, P. R. Rajkumar, N. Rajini, G. D. Sivakumar, T. Ramesh, Sikiru Oluwarotimi Ismail, Faruq Mohammad, Hamad A. Al-Lohedan
Summary: This study investigated the effect of MoS2 reinforcement on the tribological performance of Mg-B4C hybrid composites and found that the wear resistance significantly increased at an optimal MoS2 content, but increased wear occurred beyond a certain proportion due to MoS2 particle agglomeration. SEM analysis showed a homogeneous dispersion of reinforcements in the Mg matrix, with delamination wear mechanism dominant on the Mg hybrid composites.
BULLETIN OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
J. Arivarasan, T. Deepan Bharathi Kannan
Summary: In this study, the optimized parameter combination in double-pulse MIG welding of stainless steel and Inconel 617 was predicted. The weld quality was evaluated and the most influential parameter was identified. The presence of precipitates in the fusion zone helped in strengthening the weld, while higher wire feed speed resulted in poor weld quality.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
C. Pradeep Raja, T. Ramesh
Summary: This article discusses the modification of microstructure in pure copper through plastic deformation at cryogenic temperature to improve its strength, ductility, and electrical conductivity. The research findings show that rolling at cryogenic temperature significantly enhances the mechanical properties and microhardness of pure copper, resulting in a good combination of electrical conductivity and formability.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART B-JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MANUFACTURE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Srinath Selvaperumal, Deepan Bharathi Kannan Thangaraju
Summary: The main objective of this work is to find the best parameter combination for laser welding of stainless-steel 304 H plates. Through the use of CO2 laser welding, Taguchi design, and the combination of artificial neural network and genetic algorithm, the optimal parameter combination was successfully found, and the quality and hardness of the weld were analyzed.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART E-JOURNAL OF PROCESS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. Rajesh Kannan, P. Sathiya, T. Deepan Bharathi Kannan, M. Bhuvanesh Kumar
Summary: In this study, spin arc welding technique was used to weld HSLA steel of grade 15CDV6. The welding parameters were optimized using the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) and the quality of the weld was evaluated by measuring bead geometry and microhardness. Post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) was performed to enhance the weld properties, resulting in a significant increase in microhardness. Analysis of the grain size and structure of the base metal, heat-affected zone, and weld metal showed a decrease in ferrite content after welding and PWHT. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy revealed the presence of Vanadium carbide (VC) precipitates, contributing to the increase in microhardness.
METALS AND MATERIALS INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Arivarasan, T. Deepan Bharathi Kannan
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical and metallurgical properties of dissimilar welds between IN617 and SS304 H plates. Double Pulse MIG Welding Process was used with two different heat inputs, 412 J/mm and 452 J/mm. The presence of Cr23C6 carbides enhanced the strength of the weld. The weld made at 452 J/mm exhibited a 22% higher tensile strength and 8% greater hardness compared to the weld made at 412 J/mm. The impact strength was not significantly affected by the heat input. However, welds made at 412 J/mm showed a lack of sidewall fusion due to poor heat distribution caused by lower frequency and amplitude.
ADVANCES IN MATERIALS AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Pradeep Raja C., T. Ramesh, Karthik Babu N. B., Balaji N. S., A. Rajesh Kannan, Dhanesh G. Mohan
Summary: This study investigates the deep drawing process for bimetallic sheets formed by bonding dissimilar metals with epoxy-based adhesive. The experimental exploration of process parameters and material behavior reveals the enhanced formability and mechanical properties of the bonded sheets.
JOURNAL OF ADHESION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
S. Thayumanavan, R. Santhanakrishnan, T. Deepan Bharathi Kannan
Summary: In this article, the joining of Inconel 617 using single pulse MIG welding process is investigated. The weld quality, including bead geometry, tensile strength, and impact strength, is analyzed. It is found that full penetration is achieved in both heat inputs, but lack of sidewall fusion is observed at higher heat input. The metallurgical characterization of the weld is also discussed using various microscopy techniques.
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INDIAN INSTITUTE OF METALS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
T. Geethapriyan, A. C. Arun Raj, T. Deepan Bharathi Kannan, S. Senkathir
Summary: Laser Beam Machining (LBM) is a unconventional process where the thermal energy of a laser beam is utilized to remove material, best suited for tough to cut materials like leather. When machining leather with LBM, the transverse speed is the most influential parameter, affecting the heat transfer time available for spreading.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. Prakash, T. Ramesh
Summary: This paper investigates the optimal positioning of heat transfer areas inside steam generators and the use of wrappers to support pipes, as well as the welding process. Through Finite Element Analysis, stress distribution in different welding joint designs is analyzed to determine the optimal design.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
Proceedings Paper
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
A. P. Aravind, Jai Singh Kurmi, Pulamolu Manikanta Swamy, S. Rajendra Kumar, Sonu Rajak, T. Deepan Bharathi Kannan
Summary: In this study, the CO2 laser welding of titanium sheets (Ti6Al4V) was optimized using the VIKOR multi-objective optimization technique. The optimized parameters resulted in welds with full depth of penetration, lesser bead width, and higher microhardness values. The VIKOR method identified the 7th experimental run as the optimal parameter combination. The metallurgical characterization of the optimized weld was also discussed with the aid of microstructures from the SEM.
MATERIALS TODAY-PROCEEDINGS
(2021)
