Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. B. Johnson, T. Boyer, L. M. Watson, J. F. Anderson
Summary: We explore the capabilities of volcano opto-acoustics, a promising technique for measuring explosion and infrasound resonance phenomena at open-vent volcanoes. Joint visual and infrasound study at Yasur Volcano (Vanuatu) demonstrate that even consumer-grade cameras are capable of recording infrasound with high fidelity. Optical tracking of pressure wavefields induced by infrasonic waves can be used to identify spectral characteristics, which vary within Yasur's two deep craters and are distinct for explosion and tremor sources.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Rebecca Sveva Morelli, Duccio Gheri, Paola Campus, Diego Coppola, Emanuele Marchetti
Summary: This study demonstrates the efficiency of infrasonic monitoring at regional distances in recording and characterizing volcanic events. The infrasound signals from Yasur volcano were studied for twelve years and compared with other data. The results show that even at distant locations, infrasound monitoring can track the long-term and short-term variations of volcanic activity, providing valuable information.
JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Robin S. Matoza, Bernard A. Chouet, Arthur D. Jolly, Phillip B. Dawson, Rebecca H. Fitzgerald, Ben M. Kennedy, David Fee, Alexandra M. Iezzi, Geoff N. Kilgour, Esline Garaebiti, Sandrine Cevuard
Summary: This study examines the seismic and acoustic characteristics of the Yasur volcano in Vanuatu through a field experiment. The results reveal the dominant presence of very-long-period (VLP) seismic signals and their correlation with explosive activity. The study also uncovers the variations between seismic and infrasonic signals, indicating the influence of the volcano's internal structure on the eruption process.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Leighton M. Watson, Eric M. Dunham, Danyal Mohaddes, Jeff Labahn, Thomas Jaravel, Matthias Ihme
Summary: In this study, two-dimensional computational aeroacoustic simulations of idealized volcanic eruptions were conducted and compared with a monopole source acoustic model, showing divergence at higher exit velocities with lower peak amplitude, rapid onset, and anisotropic radiation. It was found that anisotropic radiation patterns and jet dynamics need to be considered when interpreting infrasound observations, particularly for eruptions with sonic or supersonic exit velocities.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Hugo D. Ortiz, Robin S. Matoza, Jeffrey B. Johnson, Stephen Hernandez, Juan C. Anzieta, Mario C. Ruiz
Summary: The study successfully extended autocorrelation seismic interferometry to ambient atmospheric infrasound recordings, detecting relative sound-speed changes and estimating ambient air temperatures. The frequency band from 1 to 2 Hz was found to be most suitable for retrieving weather parameters, and autocorrelation codas were composed of waves reflected off nearby topographic features.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. De Angelis, L. Zuccarello, S. Rapisarda, V. Minio
Summary: Volcanic activity poses a hazard to the global population and infrastructure. Studying acoustic waves in the atmosphere generated by volcanic activity has become more popular as an effective tool for monitoring and understanding the mechanisms of eruptions. Researchers deployed two 6-element infrasound arrays at Mt. Etna, Italy in 2019, capturing a variety of acoustic signals related to diverse volcanic activities.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. B. Johnson, A. Roca, A. Pineda, R. Merida, R. Escobar-Wolf, J. F. Anderson, J. Mock, A. Bosa, G. Bejar, G. P. Waite
Summary: Infrasound can be used to detect approaching volcanic mudflows (lahars) tens of minutes before their arrival. In this study, signals from more than 20 secondary lahars at Fuego Volcano in Guatemala were analyzed using infrasound monitoring. The capabilities of infrasound monitoring were quantified through comparison with seismic data, time lapse camera imagery, and high-resolution video. It was determined that infrasound sensors deployed adjacent to the lahar path and in small-aperture arrays can remotely detect lahars, including small-sized events, at distances of at least 5 km. Considerable time alerts of up to 30 minutes before lahars arrive can be provided at downstream monitoring sites through continuous infrasound monitoring.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Leighton M. Watson, Alexandra M. Iezzi, Liam Toney, Sean P. Maher, David Fee, Kathleen McKee, Hugo D. Ortiz, Robin S. Matoza, Julia E. Gestrich, Jordan W. Bishop, Alex J. C. Witsil, Jacob F. Anderson, Jeffrey B. Johnson
Summary: In the past two decades, volcano infrasound has evolved from academic research to a useful monitoring tool, widely used by volcano observatories worldwide. Future research will focus on increasing data availability, improving sensor technologies and modeling capabilities, and implementing novel data analysis methods to enhance understanding of volcanic processes and improve hazard detection.
BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robin S. Matoza, David Fee, Jelle D. Assink, Alexandra M. Iezzi, David N. Green, Keehoon Kim, Liam Toney, Thomas Lecocq, Siddharth Krishnamoorthy, Jean-Marie Lalande, Kiwamu Nishida, Kent L. Gee, Matthew M. Haney, Hugo D. Ortiz, Quentin Brissaud, Leo Martire, Lucie Rolland, Panagiotis Vergados, Alexandra Nippress, Junghyun Park, Shahar Shani-Kadmiel, Alex Witsil, Stephen Arrowsmith, Corentin Caudron, Shingo Watada, Anna B. Perttu, Benoit Taisne, Pierrick Mialle, Alexis Le Pichon, Julien Vergoz, Patrick Hupe, Philip S. Blom, Roger Waxler, Silvio De Angelis, Jonathan B. Snively, Adam T. Ringler, Robert E. Anthony, Arthur D. Jolly, Geoff Kilgour, Gil Averbuch, Maurizio Ripepe, Mie Ichihara, Alejandra Arciniega-Ceballos, Elvira Astafyeva, Lars Ceranna, Sandrine Cevuard, Il-Young Che, Rodrigo De Negri, Carl W. Ebeling, Laslo G. Evers, Luis E. Franco-Marin, Thomas B. Gabrielson, Katrin Hafner, R. Giles Harrison, Attila Komjathy, Giorgio Lacanna, John Lyons, Kenneth A. Macpherson, Emanuele Marchetti, Kathleen F. McKee, Robert J. Mellors, Gerardo Mendo-Perez, T. Dylan Mikesell, Edhah Munaibari, Mayra Oyola-Merced, Iseul Park, Christoph Pilger, Cristina Ramos, Mario C. Ruiz, Roberto Sabatini, Hans F. Schwaiger, Dorianne Tailpied, Carrick Talmadge, Jerome Vidot, Jeremy Webster, David C. Wilson
Summary: The eruption of the Hunga volcano in Tonga on 15 January 2022 caused an explosion in the atmosphere, generating a range of atmospheric waves that were observed globally. The eruption produced significant infrasound, audible sound, and ionospheric perturbations, and contributed to the occurrence of tsunamis. The exceptional observations of the atmospheric waves are highlighted in this study.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Keehoon Kim, Daniel C. Bowman, David Fee
Summary: Underground explosions produce infrasound in the atmosphere, with wavefield characteristics determined by ground surface motions. Finite-difference methods are commonly used for infrasound simulation, but simple point-source approximation may not capture the complexity of explosion-induced ground motions. This study develops a distributed point-source representation of the ground motions for accurate infrasound prediction.
SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
J. E. Gestrich, D. Fee, R. S. Matoza, J. J. Lyons, M. C. Ruiz
Summary: Infrasound has been proven useful in detecting and characterizing subaerial volcanic activity, and research is actively being conducted to understand the infrasonic source during sustained eruptions. By fitting eruption spectra to jet noise similarity spectra, it was found that volcanoes can generate infrasonic jet noise from turbulence, with changes in eruption dynamics reflecting changes in the fit of turbulence sources. This quantitative spectral fitting of eruption data may help in identifying variations in eruption source parameters critical for hazard monitoring and response.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mariangela Sciotto, Placido Montalto
Summary: Investigating infrasonic signals is crucial for volcano monitoring and explosion dynamics studies. Proper detection of weak signals is essential for active volcano monitoring. The subspace-based detection technique shows promise in sensitively detecting lower energy events and can be a good compromise in tracking volcanic activity.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Julien Barriere, Adrien Oth, Nicolas d'Oreye, Josue Subira, Delphine Smittarello, Hugues Brenot, Nicolas Theys, Benoit Smets
Summary: The study analyzed infrasonic records of the Nyiragongo volcano and provided a comprehensive understanding of its eruptive activity by comparing the data with space-based observations.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Patrick Hupe, Lars Ceranna, Alexis Le Pichon, Robin S. Matoza, Pierrick Mialle
Summary: This study presents advanced infrasound data products of the International Monitoring System (IMS) for atmospheric studies and civilian applications. Using the Progressive Multi-Channel Correlation (PMCC) method, the raw IMS infrasound waveform data of 53 certified IMS infrasound stations were processed to derive four products covering different frequency ranges and temporal resolutions. The validity of the data products is demonstrated through case studies and a global assessment.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Jordan W. Bishop, Philip S. Blom, Jeremy Webster, Will Reichard-Flynn, Youzuo Lin
Summary: This study develops a deep learning-based methodology for infrasonic detection and categorization, using convolutional neural networks with self-attention layers. The model reliably identifies infrasound signals by extracting features from different infrasound arrays.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Richard W. Sanderson, Robin S. Matoza, David Fee, Matthew M. Haney, John J. Lyons
Summary: In this study, the utility of various single-channel denoising methods for infrasound data processing is systematically investigated. The results show that denoising methods can improve the detection, association, and location of infrasound signals, particularly in reducing microbarom noise. However, reducing incoherent wind noise is more challenging and still requires hardware equipment and site selection.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. T. Ringler, R. E. Anthony, R. C. Aster, T. Taira, B. R. Shiro, D. C. Wilson, S. De Angelis, C. Ebeling, M. Haney, R. S. Matoza, H. D. Ortiz
Summary: The eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcano in January 2022 was one of the largest recorded volcanic explosions. The eruption generated a wide range of atmospheric wave phenomena and showed unusual coupling with the oceans and solid Earth. Comparisons with the Pinatubo eruption in 1991 revealed similar mode excitations, but the amplitude was significantly greater in the Hunga Tonga eruption. The observations provide insights into the excitation and propagation of acoustic modes in the atmosphere and solid Earth.
GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Robert E. Anthony, Adam T. Ringler, Toshiro Tanimoto, Robin S. Matoza, Silvio De Angelis, David C. Wilson
Summary: Records of pressure variations on seismographs, previously considered as unwanted noise, have now become valuable for inverting for near-surface Earth structure with the help of collocated seismic and acoustic instrumentation. The eruption of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha'apai volcano generated globally observed high-amplitude infrasound signals, allowing for the examination of acoustic-to-seismic coupling. The study shows that ground motion amplitudes are related to upper crust material properties and the analysis of this coupling could improve crustal structure models.
SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kenneth A. Macpherson, David Fee, Juliann R. Coffey, Alex J. Witsil
Summary: Earthquake ground motions generate pressure perturbations detectable by infrasound sensors. This study uses infrasound sensors in Alaska to examine local infrasound from several earthquakes and estimate seismic velocity time series and earthquake magnitudes. Infrasound sensors can be used as proxy seismometers, providing a new data set for seismic techniques.
BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
David Fee, Kenneth Macpherson, Thomas Gabrielson
Summary: Earthquakes generate infrasound in multiple ways. Over 140 infrasound stations have recently been deployed in Alaska, most of which have single sensors. This study examines the data from colocated seismic and infrasound stations in Alaska and finds that a single seismometer may be sufficient for characterizing the response of an entire nearby infrasound array. This method provides a robust way to remotely examine infrasound station frequency response and examine seismoacoustic coupling.
BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Alexandra M. M. Iezzi, Richard M. M. Buzard, David Fee, Robin S. S. Matoza, Julia E. E. Gestrich, Arthur D. D. Jolly, Markus Schmid, Valeria Cigala, Ulrich Kueppers, Caron E. J. Vossen, Corrado Cimarelli, Giorgio Lacanna, Maurizio Ripepe
Summary: Infrasound sensors on the ground provide limited sampling of the acoustic radiation pattern during volcanic eruptions. A novel UAS-based infrasound sensor platform was used to capture eruption infrasound near the vents of Stromboli volcano, revealing vertical sound directionality in jetting events. This proof-of-concept study improves our ability to characterize and quantify the directionality of volcanic eruptions and their associated hazards.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Rodrigo De Negri, Robin S. Matoza
Summary: Infrasound below 20 Hz can be used to locate global sources through networks of arrays, but the variability of the atmosphere poses challenges to this process. Strong horizontal cross-winds can cause significant source mislocations. We propose a method that combines empirical climatologies and 3D ray tracing to obtain robust estimates of backazimuth deviations. Testing this method on infrasound data from volcanic eruptions, we achieve a substantial reduction in source mislocation. This approach has potential applications in real-time volcano monitoring and analysis of infrasound waveform archives.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Kent L. L. Gee, Grant W. W. Hart, Carson F. F. Cunningham, Mark C. C. Anderson, Michael S. S. Bassett, Logan T. T. Mathews, J. Taggart Durrant, Levi T. T. Moats, Whitney L. L. Coyle, Makayle S. S. Kellison, Margaret J. J. Kuffskie
Summary: This letter presents initial findings of noise measurements during liftoff of the Space Launch System's Artemis-I mission to improve understanding of super heavy-lift rocket acoustics. The results include overall sound pressure levels, waveform characteristics, and spectra analysis at distances ranging from 1.5 to 5.2 km. Significant findings include intense ignition overpressure of the solid rocket boosters at the flame trench exit, post-liftoff maximum overall levels exceeding pre-launch predictions, and the dominant spectral peak occurring at 20 Hz causing deviation between flat and A-weighted levels.
JASA EXPRESS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Liam Toney, David Fee, Brandon Schmandt, Jordan W. Bishop
Summary: This study investigates infrasound propagation using seismic array data, analyzing the effects of topography and atmospheric structure on the wavefield. It provides important information for propagation models and source estimation.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Matthew A. Christian, Kent L. Gee, Jacob B. Streeter, Alan T. Wall, Steven C. Campbell
Summary: Classical jet noise theory states that the radiated sound power of a subsonic jet is proportional to the eighth power of the jet velocity, while for a supersonic jet, it is proportional to the third power. This letter presents sound power and acoustic efficiency values for an installed GE-F404 engine, showing that the change in sound power follows the predicted laws at subsonic and supersonic conditions, with an acoustic efficiency of approximately 0.5-0.6%. However, the observed OAPWL increase from subsonic to supersonic jet velocities exceeds predictions.
JASA EXPRESS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Reese D. D. Rasband, Kent L. L. Gee, Thomas B. B. Gabrielson, Alexandra Loubeau
Summary: High-fidelity measurement of sonic boom waveforms can be achieved using digital pole-shift filtering in post-processing to extend the hardware bandwidth. This method has been evaluated for recordings from NASA's Quiet Supersonic Flights 2018 campaign and has shown significant reduction in error between original and benchmark waveforms. The findings suggest its potential applications in measurement of launch vehicle reentry booms.
JASA EXPRESS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Makayle S. Kellison, Kent L. Gee
Summary: This Letter reports the overall sound power level (OAPWL) and acoustic efficiency of Space Launch System (SLS) and compares it to NASA's past lunar rocket, the Saturn V. The results show that Saturn V was at least 2 dB louder than SLS with approximately twice the acoustic efficiency.
JASA EXPRESS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Mylan R. Cook, Kent L. Gee, Mark. K. Transtrum, Shane V. Lympany
Summary: This paper introduces the development and application of the VROOM traffic volume model, which predicts nationwide hourly varying traffic source noise in the continental United States. The model utilizes data from thousands of traffic monitoring stations and employs principal component analysis and Fourier analysis to identify the most common traffic patterns. Compared to the National Transportation Noise Map (NTNM), VROOM provides more accurate predictions.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2023)