Article
Infectious Diseases
Wikanda Tunterak, Kanana Rungprasert, Suwarak Wannaratana, Nichapat Yurayart, Duangduean Prakairungnamthip, Patchareeporn Ninvilai, Benchaphorn Limcharoen, Teerawut Nedumpun, Rodolphe Hamel, Wijit Banlunara, Aunyaratana Thontiravong
Summary: This study investigates the pathogenesis of cluster 1 DTMUV in ducks and compares it to cluster 2.1 DTMUV. The results show that cluster 1 DTMUV is generally less pathogenic and exhibits milder pathological changes compared to cluster 2.1 DTMUV. Significant antigenic differences are also observed between the two clusters.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Virology
Michael B. Sherman, Alexis N. Williams, Hong Q. Smith, B. Montgomery Pettitt, Christiane E. Wobus, Thomas J. Smith
Summary: Noroviruses, specifically murine norovirus (MNV), respond to physiological cues such as bile, pH, Mg2+, and Ca2+ by undergoing conformational changes in their capsids. These changes optimize cellular attachment and escape antibody binding in the intestinal tract, while presenting a different structure to the immune system in the serum. This shapeshifting ability allows MNV to evade the immune response in a unique manner.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naphak Modhiran, Hao Song, Lidong Liu, Cheryl Bletchly, Lou Brillault, Alberto A. Amarilla, Xiaoying Xu, Jianxun Qi, Yan Chai, Stacey T. M. Cheung, Renee Traves, Yin Xiang Setoh, Summa Bibby, Connor A. P. Scott, Morgan E. Freney, Natalee D. Newton, Alexander A. Khromykh, Keith J. Chappell, David A. Muller, Katryn J. Stacey, Michael J. Landsberg, Yi Shi, George F. Gao, Paul R. Young, Daniel Watterson
Summary: The NS1 antibody 1G5.3 can effectively block NS1-mediated cell permeability of multiple flaviviruses, reduce viremia, and improve survival in various animal models. The protective effect of 1G5.3 is independent of effector function, making it a key site for broad-spectrum antiviral development.
Article
Cell Biology
James T. Earnest, Autumn C. Holmes, Katherine Basore, Matthias Mack, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: This study demonstrates that non-neutralizing antibodies can provide protection against Mayaro virus infection in mice through Fc effector functions, which involve monocytes facilitating the binding, uptake, and clearance of the virus without antibody-dependent enhancement of infection. The findings suggest that humoral protection against alphaviruses may rely on non-neutralizing antibodies contributing through Fc-dependent mechanisms that accelerate viral clearance.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lauren E. Williamson, Abhishek Bandyopadhyay, Kevin Bailey, Devika Sirohi, Thomas Klose, Justin G. Julander, Richard J. Kuhn, James E. Crowe
Summary: This report presents cryo-electron microscopy reconstructions of three neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies against Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), and analyzes the factors contributing to the differences in their neutralization potencies. Structural and biophysical insights are provided, which can inform the design of candidate vaccines and therapeutic antibodies for all icosahedral viruses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yiwei Chen, Kai Xu, Luca Piccoli, Mathilde Foglierini, Joshua Tan, Wenjie Jin, Jason Gorman, Yaroslav Tsybovsky, Baoshan Zhang, Boubacar Traore, Chiara Silacci-Fregni, Claudia Daubenberger, Peter D. Crompton, Roger Geiger, Federica Sallusto, Peter D. Kwong, Antonio Lanzavecchia
Summary: This study demonstrates that Plasmodium falciparum RIFINs can bind to LILRB1 through D3, and inserting receptor domains into the VH-CH1 elbow can generate novel antibodies, as shown by a naturally selected example.
Article
Immunology
Fan Zhou, Lena Hansen, Gabriel Pedersen, Gunnveig Grodeland, Rebecca Cox
Summary: Our study demonstrates that the Matrix M adjuvanted virosomal H5N1 vaccine can induce rapid and robust broadly cross-neutralizing antibody responses, providing comprehensive protection. The adjuvanted vaccines also induce multifaceted antibody responses, including hemagglutinin stalk domain specific, neuraminidase inhibiting, and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity inducing antibodies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Liriye Kurtovic, James G. Beeson
Summary: Complement may play a protective role in enhancing antibody neutralization of viruses, promoting virus phagocytosis by immune cells, and lysing viruses, which could be harnessed for the development of effective therapeutics and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Hong Liang, Xuanxuan Nian, Junzheng Wu, Dong Liu, Lu Feng, Jia Lu, Yan Peng, Zhijun Zhou, Tao Deng, Jing Liu, Deming Ji, Ran Qiu, Lianzhen Lin, Yan Zeng, Fei Xia, Yong Hu, Taojing Li, Kai Duan, Xinguo Li, Zejun Wang, Yong Zhang, Hang Zhang, Chen Zhu, Shang Wang, Xiao Wu, Xiang Wang, Yuwei Li, Shihe Huang, Min Mao, Huanhuan Guo, Yunkai Yang, Rui Jia, Jingwei Xufang, Xuewei Wang, Shuyan Liang, Zhixin Qiu, Juan Zhang, Yaling Ding, Chunyan Li, Jin Zhang, Daoxing Fu, Yanlin He, Dongbo Zhou, Cesheng Li, Jiayou Zhang, Ding Yu, Xiao-Ming Yang
Summary: It is reported that the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine can stimulate immunity and maintain high levels of antibodies and neutralizing activity in recovered patients, providing protection against different strains of SARS-CoV-2. However, the antibody response may decrease over time, and the Omicron variant shows stronger neutralization resistance. In addition, the vaccine also enhances specific cellular immune response in recovered patients.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eduardo Salinas, Maude Boisvert, Amit A. Upadhyay, Nathalie Bedard, Sydney A. Nelson, Julie Bruneau, Cynthia A. Derdeyn, Joseph Marcotrigiano, Matthew J. Evans, Steven E. Bosinger, Naglaa H. Shoukry, Arash Grakoui
Summary: This study found that early cTfh activity accelerates the expansion of E2-specific MBCs during acute HCV infection, which may contribute to the spontaneous clearance of the virus.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adriana Tomic, Donal T. Skelly, Ane Ogbe, Daniel O'Connor, Matthew Pace, Emily Adland, Frances Alexander, Mohammad Ali, Kirk Allott, M. Azim Ansari, Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer, Sagida Bibi, Luke Blackwell, Anthony Brown, Helen Brown, Breeze Cavell, Elizabeth A. Clutterbuck, Thushan de Silva, David Eyre, Sheila Lumley, Amy Flaxman, James Grist, Carl-Philipp Hackstein, Rachel Halkerston, Adam C. Harding, Jennifer Hill, Tim James, Cecilia Jay, Sile A. Johnson, Barbara Kronsteiner, Yolanda Lie, Aline Linder, Stephanie Longet, Spyridoula Marinou, Philippa C. Matthews, Jack Mellors, Christos Petropoulos, Patpong Rongkard, Cynthia Sedik, Laura Silva-Reyes, Holly Smith, Lisa Stockdale, Stephen Taylor, Stephen Thomas, Timothy Tipoe, Lance Turtle, Vinicius Adriano Vieira, Terri Wrin, Andrew J. Pollard, Teresa Lambe, Chris P. Conlon, Katie Jeffery, Simon Travis, Philip Goulder, John Frater, Alex J. Mentzer, Lizzie Stafford, Miles W. Carroll, William S. James, Paul Klenerman, Eleanor Barnes, Christina Dold, Susanna J. Dunachie
Summary: The trajectories of acquired immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection vary among individuals, with some immune responses waning over time while others remain stable. A subgroup of participants with higher antibody and T cell responses shows a robust trajectory for longer term immunity, particularly against the infecting strain and several variants. These findings have implications for the understanding of immune protection against novel variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Virology
Emma Parker Miller, Maxwell T. Finkelstein, Molly C. Erdman, Paul C. Seth, Daniela Fera
Summary: Approximately 10-20% of HIV-1 infected individuals develop antibodies that can neutralize diverse HIV-1 strains, which are crucial for vaccine design and therapy. Structural analyses reveal a limited number of vulnerable sites on the HIV-1 spike, providing insights for vaccine design and combination therapy strategies to reduce viral resistance mutations. Recent updates on spike structures in complex with broadly neutralizing antibodies are discussed in the context of all epitopes identified to date.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacob C. Milligan, Carl W. Davis, Xiaoying Yu, Philipp A. Ilinykh, Kai Huang, Peter J. Halfmann, Robert W. Cross, Viktoriya Borisevich, Krystle N. Agans, Joan B. Geisbert, Chakravarthy Chennareddy, Arthur J. Goff, Ashley E. Piper, Sean Hui, Kelly C. L. Shaffer, Tierra Buck, Megan L. Heinrich, Luis M. Branco, Ian Crozier, Michael R. Holbrook, Jens H. Kuhn, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Pamela J. Glass, Alexander Bukreyev, Thomas W. Geisbert, Gabriella Worwa, Rafi Ahmed, Erica Ollmann Saphire
Summary: Researchers have discovered two antibodies that can neutralize and protect against Ebola virus and Sudan virus, providing potential clinical value in treating Ebola virus infections. These antibodies were found to recognize specific regions on the viral surface, offering a new approach for developing treatments against ebolaviruses.
Article
Immunology
Jing Yang, Sheng Lin, Honglu Sun, Zimin Chen, Fanli Yang, Xi Lin, Liyan Guo, Lingling Wang, Ao Wen, Xindan Zhang, Yushan Dai, Bin He, Yu Cao, Haohao Dong, Xianbo Liu, Bo Chen, Jian Li, Qi Zhao, Guangwen Lu
Summary: This study identifies a potent neutralizing nanobody, Nb-007, against SARS-CoV-2. Nb-007 exhibits excellent virus entry-inhibition activity by competing with ACE2 for viral binding. Furthermore, fusion with Fc significantly enhances its entry-inhibition capacity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhennan Zhao, Yufeng Xie, Bin Bai, Chunliang Luo, Jingya Zhou, Weiwei Li, Yumin Meng, Linjie Li, Dedong Li, Xiaomei Li, Xiaoxiong Li, Xiaoyun Wang, Junqing Sun, Zepeng Xu, Yeping Sun, Wei Zhang, Zheng Fan, Xin Zhao, Linhuan Wu, Juncai Ma, Odel Y. Li, Guijun Shang, Yan Chai, Kefang Liu, Peiyi Wang, George F. Gao, Jianxun Qi
Summary: Multiple SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants have emerged, with BA.5 becoming the dominant strain worldwide and BA.2.75 significantly increasing in some countries. The binding affinities between these sub-variants and ACE2 receptors in humans and closely related animals remain similar to previous variants of concern. However, a reverse mutation (R493Q) enhances the bindings to ACE2 receptors, suggesting an increased risk of cross-species transmission. Structural analysis reveals the molecular basis for receptor binding and broader interspecies recognition.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
