Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ning Ma, Victor Jing Li, Tsun Se Cheong, Delin Zhuang
Summary: This study examines the evolution of inequality by income sources, finding that the service sector is the largest contributor to global inequality, while the industrial sector plays a major role in the South. The agricultural sector's contribution is higher in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Indra Overland, Javlon Juraev, Roman Vakulchuk
Summary: This study quantitatively compares the distribution of renewable energy resources and fossil fuel reserves, finding that renewable energy is more evenly distributed. This supports the idea that transitioning to renewable energy can lead to a decentralized global energy system. However, the difference in distribution between renewable energy and fossil fuel reserves is not as significant as assumed, indicating that international energy trade and politics will still play a role.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yumi Kobayashi, Titta Kotilainen, Gema Carmona-Garcia, Adrian Leip, Hanna L. Tuomisto
Summary: Indoor vertical farming can be an important solution for future food insecurity by reducing land use and being unaffected by environmental conditions. However, its energy-intensive operation raises environmental concerns. This study examines the feasibility of operating indoor vertical farming with renewable energy by assessing land use requirements and renewable energy generation potential. The results show that with current technologies, the saved land area is only sufficient for energy production in lettuce farming using solar energy. However, with improved technologies, the saved land area can generate electricity with solar energy for all crops except tomatoes in Sweden. Wind energy only satisfies lettuce production even with future technologies. This study provides valuable insights for determining the feasibility of operating indoor vertical farming with renewable energy in different regions of Europe.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Feng Wang, Baoling Xu, Yumei Si, Yuzhu Shang, Wei Zhang, Beiming Cai, Minxing Jiang, Siqi Xu, Siqi Lu
Summary: This study investigated the components and internal drivers of household water footprint inequality in China from 2002 to 2012 and found that household grey water footprint is unevenly distributed, with food, clothing, and residence being the main sources of inequality. The study also revealed that although the household water Gini coefficient increased slightly, the structural changes in household water footprint contributed to a reduction in inequality.
SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaojun Ren, Yongtang Wu, Dongmin Hao, Guoxu Liu, Nicholas Zafetti
Summary: The study applied an optimal multi-objective integrated system using the Developed Owl search algorithm to achieve maximum power generation with minimum fluctuations. The results showed that the second solution provided acceptable results in increasing power generation and reducing fluctuations. In different climate conditions, the integrated system can continue operating by using hydropower in wet conditions.
Article
Economics
Shimei Wu, Zhan-Ming Chen
Summary: This paper utilizes data from China's High Spatial Resolution Emission Gridded Database (CHRED) to examine carbon emission inequality in China. The study finds a slight decrease in the Gini coefficient of carbon emission from 0.411 to 0.385, indicating a more symmetric distribution from 2005 to 2020. Additionally, the positive concentration index reveals an asymmetry between carbon emission and economic development. The research highlights the importance of considering factors such as economic structure, energy intensity, and climate conditions in addressing carbon inequality.
CHINA ECONOMIC REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Perry Sadorsky
Summary: This paper investigates the driving factors of wind energy consumption in 17 major consuming countries using the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) method. It identifies renewable energy share and improvements in energy intensity as the main factors affecting wind energy consumption. Forecasts show that Canada, Sweden, China, and Germany are expected to have the highest compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) in wind energy consumption. Countries with high shares of renewable energy like Spain, Portugal, and Denmark are predicted to have lower CAGRs. Future increases in wind energy consumption will rely on the continuous rise in renewable energy share, which is influenced by energy policies promoting the switch from fossil fuels to renewables.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Sylvanus Gaku
Summary: This paper examines expenditure inequality in Ghana and finds that it has been increasing at both the national and sub-national levels. Household and community characteristics play a significant role in this inequality.
SOCIAL INDICATORS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Akihisa Kuriyama, Naoya Abe
Summary: Analyzing the issue of just transition in the clean energy sector reveals that decarbonization of the sector can increase domestic employment opportunities, particularly by providing stable jobs in rural areas, contributing to local economic revitalization. It also has the potential to improve inequalities among the working-age population.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Rohit Saini, Manjeet Kaur
Summary: Income distribution is highly skewed among farm households, with most marginal and small farmers in lower-income strata. Less-educated and resource-poor farmers rely more on non-agricultural and unorganised sources of income. Livestock and casual wages contribute to decreasing income inequality. Therefore, policy interventions such as small holder farmer-centric farming systems, low interest rate loans for women engaged in livestock rearing, agro-processing units, and skill development centres should be implemented.
COGENT FOOD & AGRICULTURE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Erik Hille, Thomas J. Oelker
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of renewable energy (RE) policy instruments in promoting the international diffusion of RE, as well as the role of innovation. The findings show that RE innovation, largely induced by policies, is among the most promising ways to increase RE capacities. The most effective policy instruments are quotas with certificate trading, tendering, and fiscal instruments, while less tangible measures like tax reductions and goals have the least impact.
ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Gangfei Luo, Shouzhen Zeng, Tomas Balezentis
Summary: Educational equity is crucial for the creation of a harmonious society, but educational inequality remains a serious issue in China. This study examines educational inequality in terms of regions, urban-rural areas, genders, and age cohorts. The results show that while China's average years of schooling have increased and overall educational inequality has decreased, disparities still exist across different groups. Measures should be implemented to address the education gap in underdeveloped regions and reduce inter-group inequality.
SOCIAL INDICATORS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Paulo Mourao, Alexandre Junqueira
Summary: This study analyzed the Gini coefficient series of 27 Brazilian states since 1976 and found that inequality was increasing until 1995, followed by a decrease. Some states showed a maintenance of historical trends, presenting important policy challenges.
Article
Economics
Monica Das, Sudip R. Basu
Summary: This paper provides estimates of the inequality-finance relationship using a novel methodology, finding that financial development reduces income inequality in low-income countries and countries that invest in primary education. The relationship is also influenced by the size of a country's financial sector and the quality of its institutions. The findings of this study are particularly relevant to scholars and policymakers in Countries with Special Needs.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND POLICY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zheng Li, Ranran Luan, Boqiang Lin
Summary: Renewable energy plays a crucial role in clean energy transformation and emission mitigation. This study investigates the global development pattern of renewable energy and reveals increasing disparities between clubs while decreasing disparities within each club. Factors such as affluence, energy demand, technology level, industry, and population structure are found to determine the clubs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shitong Fang, Houfan Du, Tao Yan, Keyu Chen, Zhiyuan Li, Xiaoqing Ma, Zhihui Lai, Shengxi Zhou
Summary: This paper proposes a new type of nonlinear VIV energy harvester (ANVEH) that compensates for the decrease in peak energy output at low wind speeds by introducing an auxiliary structure. Theoretical and experimental results show that ANVEH performs better than traditional nonlinear VIV energy harvesters under various system parameter variations.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wei Jiang, Shuo Zhang, Teng Wang, Yufei Zhang, Aimin Sha, Jingjing Xiao, Dongdong Yuan
Summary: A standardized method was developed to evaluate the availability of solar energy resources in road areas, which combined the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Geographic Information System (GIS). By analyzing critical factors and using a multi-indicator evaluation method, the method accurately evaluated the utilization of solar energy resources and guided the optimal location selection for road photovoltaic (PV) projects. The results provided guidance for the application of road PV projects and site selection for route corridors worldwide, promoting the integration of transportation and energy.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Chang Liu, Jacob A. Wrubel, Elliot Padgett, Guido Bender
Summary: The study investigates the effects of coating defects on the performance of the anode porous transport layer (PTL) in water electrolyzers. The results show that an increasing fraction of uncoated regions on the PTL leads to decreased cell performance, with continuous uncoated regions having a more severe impact compared to multiple thin uncoated strips.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Marcos Tostado-Veliz, Xiaolong Jin, Rohit Bhakar, Francisco Jurado
Summary: In this paper, a coordinated charging price mechanism for clusters of parking lots is proposed. The research shows that enabling vehicle-to-grid characteristics can bring significant economic benefits for users and the cluster coordinator, and vehicle-to-grid impacts noticeably on the risk-averse character of the uncertainty-aware strategies. The developed pricing mechanism can reduce the cost for users, avoiding to directly translate the energy cost to charging points.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Duan Kang
Summary: Building an energy superpower is a key strategy for China and a long-term goal for other countries. This study proposes an evaluation system and index for measuring energy superpower, and finds that China has significantly improved its ranking over the past 21 years, surpassing other countries.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Fucheng Deng, Yifei Wang, Xiaosen Li, Gang Li, Yi Wang, Bin Huang
Summary: This study investigated the synergistic blockage mechanism of sand and hydrate in gravel filling layer and the evolution of permeability in the layer. Experimental models and modified permeability models were established to analyze the effects of sand particles and hydrate formation on permeability. The study provided valuable insights for the safe and efficient exploitation of hydrate reservoirs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Hao Wang, Xiwen Chen, Natan Vital, Edward Duffy, Abolfazl Razi
Summary: This study proposes a HVAC energy optimization model based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm. It achieves 37% energy savings and ensures thermal comfort for open office buildings. The model has a low complexity, uses a few controllable factors, and has a short training time with good generalizability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Moyue Cong, Yongzhuo Gao, Weidong Wang, Long He, Xiwang Mao, Yi Long, Wei Dong
Summary: This study introduces a multi-strategy ultra-wideband energy harvesting device that achieves high power output without the need for external power input. By utilizing asymmetry, stagger array, magnetic coupling, and nonlinearity strategies, the device maintains a stable output voltage and high power density output at non-resonant frequencies. Temperature and humidity monitoring are performed using Bluetooth sensors to adaptively assess the device.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Tianshu Dong, Xiudong Duan, Yuanyuan Huang, Danji Huang, Yingdong Luo, Ziyu Liu, Xiaomeng Ai, Jiakun Fang, Chaolong Song
Summary: Electrochemical water splitting is crucial for hydrogen production, and improving the hydrogen separation rate from the electrode is essential for enhancing water electrolyzer performance. However, issues such as air bubble adhesion to the electrode plate hinder the process. Therefore, a methodology to investigate the two-phase flow within the electrolyzer is in high demand. This study proposes using a microfluidic system as a simulator for the electrolyzer and optimizing the two-phase flow by manipulating the micro-structure of the flow.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shuo Han, Yifan Yuan, Mengjiao He, Ziwen Zhao, Beibei Xu, Diyi Chen, Jakub Jurasz
Summary: Giving full play to the flexibility of hydropower and integrating more variable renewable energy is of great significance for accelerating the transformation of China's power energy system. This study proposes a novel day-ahead scheduling model that considers the flexibility limited by irregular vibration zones (VZs) and the probability of flexibility shortage in a hydropower-variable renewable energy hybrid generation system. The model is applied to a real hydropower station and effectively improves the flexibility supply capacity of hydropower, especially during heavy load demand in flood season.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhen Wang, Kangqi Fan, Shizhong Zhao, Shuxin Wu, Xuan Zhang, Kangjia Zhai, Zhiqi Li, Hua He
Summary: This study developed a high-performance rotary energy harvester (AI-REH) inspired by archery, which efficiently accumulates and releases ultralow-frequency vibration energy. By utilizing a magnetic coupling strategy and an accumulator spring, the AI-REH achieves significantly accelerated rotor speeds and enhanced electric outputs.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yi Yang, Qianyi Xing, Kang Wang, Caihong Li, Jianzhou Wang, Xiaojia Huang
Summary: In this study, a novel hybrid Quantile Regression (QR) model is proposed for Probabilistic Load Forecasting (PLF). The model integrates causal dilated convolution, residual connection, and Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BiLSTM) for multi-scale feature extraction. In addition, a Combined Probabilistic Load Forecasting System (CPLFS) is proposed to overcome the inherent flaws of relying on a single model. Simulation results show that the hybrid QR outperforms traditional models and CPLFS exceeds the best benchmarks in terms of prediction accuracy and stability.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Wen-Jiang Zou, Young-Bae Kim, Seunghun Jung
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamic prediction model for capacity fade in vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs). The model accurately predicts changes in electrolyte volume and capacity fade, enhancing the competitiveness of VRFBs in energy storage applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yuechao Ma, Shengtie Wang, Guangchen Liu, Guizhen Tian, Jianwei Zhang, Ruiming Liu
Summary: This paper focuses on the balance of state of charge (SOC) among multiple battery energy storage units (MBESUs) and bus voltage balance in an islanded bipolar DC microgrid. A SOC automatic balancing strategy is proposed considering the energy flow relationship and utilizing the adaptive virtual resistance algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in achieving SOC balancing and decreasing bus voltage unbalance.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Raad Z. Homod, Basil Sh. Munahi, Hayder Ibrahim Mohammed, Musatafa Abbas Abbood Albadr, Aissa Abderrahmane, Jasim M. Mahdi, Mohamed Bechir Ben Hamida, Bilal Naji Alhasnawi, A. S. Albahri, Hussein Togun, Umar F. Alqsair, Zaher Mundher Yaseen
Summary: In this study, the control problem of the multiple-boiler system (MBS) is formulated as a dynamic Markov decision process and a deep clustering reinforcement learning approach is applied to obtain the optimal control policy. The proposed strategy, based on bang-bang action, shows superior response and achieves more than 32% energy saving compared to conventional fixed parameter controllers under dynamic indoor/outdoor actual conditions.