Programmable Morphing Hydrogels for Soft Actuators and Robots: From Structure Designs to Active Functions

Autonomous snapping and jumping polymer gels

(2021) Yongjin Kim et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Reconstructable Gradient Structures and Reprogrammable 3D Deformations of Hydrogels with Coumarin Units as the Photolabile Crosslinks

(2021) Chao Nan Zhu et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Morphing pasta and beyond

(2021) Ye Tao et al.   Science Advances

Self‐Shaping Soft Electronics Based on Patterned Hydrogel with Stencil‐Printed Liquid Metal

(2021) Xing Peng Hao et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Dual‐Encryption in a Shape‐Memory Hydrogel with Tunable Fluorescence and Reconfigurable Architecture

(2021) Chao Nan Zhu et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Aggregation‐Induced Emissive Carbon Dots Gels for Octopus‐Inspired Shape/Color Synergistically Adjustable Actuators

(2021) Shuangshuang Wu et al.   ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Asymmetric bilayer CNTs-elastomer/hydrogel composite as soft actuators with sensing performance

(2021) Huijing Li et al.   CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL

Highly stretchable self-sensing actuator based on conductive photothermally-responsive hydrogel

(2021) Chiao-Yueh Lo et al.   Materials Today

Patterned Electrode Assisted One‐Step Fabrication of Biomimetic Morphing Hydrogels with Sophisticated Anisotropic Structures

(2021) Qing Li Zhu et al.   Advanced Science

Hydrogel machines

(2020) Xinyue Liu et al.   Materials Today

4D Printing of Hydrogels: A Review

(2020) Mathilde Champeau et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Kirigami‐Design‐Enabled Hydrogel Multimorphs with Application as a Multistate Switch

(2020) Xing Peng Hao et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Supramolecular–covalent hybrid polymers for light-activated mechanical actuation

(2020) Chuang Li et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Distributed Electric Field Induces Orientations of Nanosheets to Prepare Hydrogels with Elaborate Ordered Structures and Programmed Deformations

(2020) Qing Li Zhu et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Light-steered locomotion of muscle-like hydrogel by self-coordinated shape change and friction modulation

(2020) Qing Li Zhu et al.   Nature Communications

Fast and programmable locomotion of hydrogel-metal hybrids under light and magnetic fields

(2020) Chuang Li et al.   Science Robotics

Soft phototactic swimmer based on self-sustained hydrogel oscillator

(2019) Yusen Zhao et al.   Science Robotics

Soft Robotic Grippers

(2018) Jun Shintake et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Soft Robotics

(2018) George M. Whitesides   ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Soft Artificial Bladder Detrusor

(2018) Xuxu Yang et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

Miniature soft robots — road to the clinic

(2018) Metin Sitti   Nature Reviews Materials

Programmed Deformations of 3D-Printed Tough Physical Hydrogels with High Response Speed and Large Output Force

(2018) Si Yu Zheng et al.   ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS

Sequentially Controlled Deformations of Patterned Hydrogels into 3D Configurations with Multilevel Structures

(2018) Peiyuan Ma et al.   MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS

Fundamentals of soft robot locomotion

(2017) M. Calisti et al.   Journal of the Royal Society Interface

DNA sequence–directed shape change of photopatterned hydrogels via high-degree swelling

(2017) Angelo Cangialosi et al.   SCIENCE

Hydraulic hydrogel actuators and robots optically and sonically camouflaged in water

(2017) Hyunwoo Yuk et al.   Nature Communications

Cooperative deformations of periodically patterned hydrogels

(2017) Zhi Jian Wang et al.   Science Advances

Soft Actuators for Small-Scale Robotics

(2016) Lindsey Hines et al.   ADVANCED MATERIALS

Biomimetic 4D printing

(2016) A. Sydney Gladman et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Programmed planar-to-helical shape transformations of composite hydrogels with bioinspired layered fibrous structures

(2016) Zhi Jian Wang et al.   Journal of Materials Chemistry B

Photothermally Reprogrammable Buckling of Nanocomposite Gel Sheets

(2015) Adam W. Hauser et al.   ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION

Design, fabrication and control of soft robots

(2015) Daniela Rus et al.   NATURE

Thermoresponsive actuation enabled by permittivity switching in an electrostatically anisotropic hydrogel

(2015) Youn Soo Kim et al.   NATURE MATERIALS

Materials that couple sensing, actuation, computation, and communication

(2015) M. A. McEvoy et al.   SCIENCE

Electro-actuated hydrogel walkers with dual responsive legs

(2013) Daniel Morales et al.   Soft Matter

Three-dimensional shape transformations of hydrogel sheets induced by small-scale modulation of internal stresses

(2013) Zi Liang Wu et al.   Nature Communications

Reversible patterning and actuation of hydrogels by electrically assisted ionoprinting

(2013) Etienne Palleau et al.   Nature Communications

Self-shaping composites with programmable bioinspired microstructures

(2013) Randall M. Erb et al.   Nature Communications

Bio-Origami Hydrogel Scaffolds Composed of Photocrosslinked PEG Bilayers

(2013) Mustapha Jamal et al.   Advanced Healthcare Materials

A tissue-engineered jellyfish with biomimetic propulsion

(2012) Janna C Nawroth et al.   NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY

Designing Responsive Buckled Surfaces by Halftone Gel Lithography

(2012) Jungwook Kim et al.   SCIENCE

Thermally responsive rolling of thin gel strips with discrete variations in swelling

(2012) Jungwook Kim et al.   Soft Matter

Geometry and Mechanics in the Opening of Chiral Seed Pods

(2011) S. Armon et al.   SCIENCE

Self-folding all-polymer thermoresponsive microcapsules

(2011) Georgi Stoychev et al.   Soft Matter

First jump of microgel; actuation speed enhancement by elastic instability

(2010) Howon Lee et al.   Soft Matter

Actuation systems in plants as prototypes for bioinspired devices

(2009) I. Burgert et al.   PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES

Biomimetic Soft Multifunctional Miniature Aquabots

(2008) Gu Han Kwon et al.   Small