Journal
INTERNATIONAL REVIEWS IN PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 35, Issue 4, Pages 509-538Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/0144235X.2016.1203522
Keywords
Resonances; photoelectron imaging; electron impact; femtosecond; anion; non-adiabatic dynamics
Funding
- EPSRC
- ERC [306536]
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The recently developed method of frequency-, angle-, and time-resolved photoelectron imaging (FAT-PI) applied to the study of the dynamics of resonances of open-shell anions is reviewed. The basic principles of the method and its experimental realisation are outlined. The dynamics of a number of radical quinone anions is then considered. Firstly, we show for para-benzoquinone how frequency-and angle-resolved photoelectron imaging provides finger-prints of the dynamics of resonances and then how time-resolved photoelectron imaging yields deep mechanistic insight into the relaxation dynamics of the resonances. The effect of chemical substitutions of the para-quinone electrophore on the dynamics of resonances is discussed. Increasing the conjugation leads to a greatly enhanced ability for resonances to decay to the ground electronic state of the radical anion. Using time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy, it is shown that the dynamics are facilitated by a bound valence state of the anion. The addition of electron donating methoxy groups leads to a reduced ability to access the ground state compared to para-benzoquinone. Both time-resolved dynamics and calculations provide a rationale for these observations. We consider the benefits and limitations of FAT-PI and its complementarity to 2D electron spectroscopy.
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