Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Rapaport, Robert A. Seymour, Nicholas Benikos, Wei He, Elizabeth Pellicano, Jon Brock, Paul F. Sowman
Summary: There is increasing evidence supporting the predictive coding theory, but little is known about how predictive brain function develops during childhood. To investigate this, the researchers used pediatric magnetoencephalography to record brain activity in younger and older children while they listened to a auditory oddball paradigm. The results showed that older children had larger electrophysiological responses associated with predictive coding, particularly in the frontal cortex, suggesting that predictive brain function develops during childhood.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
So Young Lee, Jae Hyun Jeon, Woohyun Jung, Mincheol Chae, Wan Jin Hwang, Yoohwa Hwang, Sukki Cho, Jin-Haeng Chung, Kwhanmien Kim, Sanghoon Jheon
Summary: This study evaluated predictive factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with clinical stage I part-solid lung adenocarcinoma, and found that the size of the solid portion and the high maximum standardized uptake value of the primary tumor were predictive factors. Systematic lymph node evaluation should be performed, especially in patients with a large solid portion and high SUVmax of the primary tumor.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lynette A. Hart, Benjamin L. Hart
Summary: Research shows that the impact of neutering varies among different breeds, with early neutering increasing the risk of joint disorders and certain cancers. Large dogs are at higher risk of joint disorders. Therefore, it is necessary to consider each individual dog when determining the appropriate age for neutering, in order to avoid increasing the risk of diseases.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ruholla Jafari-Marandi
Summary: This paper investigates the lack of effectiveness in machine learning by studying the assumptions made for efficient pattern recognition. It suggests that metric-optimizing supervised learning is effective when a fair definition of success can be formulated, while unsupervised learning or non-metric-optimizing supervised learning provides a better balance of effectiveness and efficiency when a fair definition of success is not possible. It also demonstrates that rethinking the assumptions made in pattern recognition can improve the efficacy of current ML approaches using supervised learning.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Julie C. Krzykwa, Sarah M. King, Marlo K. Sellin Jeffries
Summary: The fish embryo acute toxicity (FET) test is less sensitive than the fish acute test for certain chemicals, prompting the search for additional endpoints to improve its performance. The project found that certain developmental abnormalities like snout-vent length and pericardial area changes may be linked to mortality risk, but other abnormalities do not predict behavioral alterations.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Engin Keles, Matthias Mallonn, Daniel Kitzmann, Katja Poppenhaeger, H. Jens Hoeijmakers, Ilya Ilyin, Xanthippi Alexoudi, Thorsten A. Carroll, Julian Alvarado-Gomez, Laura Ketzer, Aldo S. Bonomo, Francesco Borsa, B. Scott Gaudi, Thomas Henning, Luca Malavolta, Karan Molaverdikhani, Valerio Nascimbeni, Jennifer Patience, Lorenzo Pino, Gaetano Scandariato, Everett Schlawin, Evgenya Shkolnik, Daniela Sicilia, Alessandro Sozzetti, Mary G. Foster, Christian Veillet, Ji Wang, Fei Yan, Klaus G. Strassmeier
Summary: The study of exoplanets and their atmospheres using high-resolution transmission spectroscopy is important for understanding their evolution. In this study, the super-Earth exoplanet 55 Cnc e was investigated using high-resolution spectroscopic transit observation. No evidence of a widely extended silicate envelope was found in its transmission spectrum.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Stefanie Aufschnaiter, Fang Zhao, Robert Gaschler, Andrea Kiesel, Roland Thomaschke
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether time-based expectancy transfers to more complex settings with three different predictive time intervals, showing that participants were able to learn and flexibly redirect their target expectancy for short, medium, and long intervals. The impact of manipulating medium intervals' absolute duration on time-based expectancy was mixed, with time-based expectancy for the medium interval observed in only one out of three experiments.
PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PSYCHOLOGISCHE FORSCHUNG
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
P. Maimi, A. Ortega, E. Gonzalez, J. Costa
Summary: This passage discusses the determination of translaminar fracture toughness of laminated composites using linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) or cohesive zone model (CZM). It compares the complexity and predictive capabilities of each theoretical framework, and shows that the CZM approach provides a more realistic idealization of fracture phenomena and a wider range of predictive capabilities.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Business
Sorim Chung, Maria Karampela
Summary: The research found that using a PC to view products leads to greater size-estimation errors, while utilitarian motivations have a reverse effect on this.
PSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chiman Salehi, Monireh Seiiedy, Hamid Soraya, Farzaneh Fazli, Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
Summary: The study demonstrated that the use of bisoprolol and vitamin E can protect against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, reduce neuronal cell death, and improve cognitive function.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Fei Gao, Jianqin Wang, Cecilia Guanfang Zhao, Zhen Yuan
Summary: This study found that as language proficiency and reading experience develop, learners tend to rely more on whole-words as a processing strategy. Additionally, bound morphemes had a greater priming effect than free morphemes in lexical decision tasks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BILINGUAL EDUCATION AND BILINGUALISM
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Salem Mehrzad, Farzad Jamaati, Masoud Dorfeshan
Summary: This study experimentally analyzed the drying process of E-PVC in a pilot-scale spray dryer, focusing on the effects of drying conditions on powder properties, including morphology. The results showed that the outlet temperature decreased with increasing atomization ratio and latex concentration, and the majority of E-PVC particles were solid spheres.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Xuewei Xie, Jing Jing, Xia Meng, Zixiao Li, Pan Chen, Xingquan Zhao, Yilong Wang, Liping Liu, Yong Jiang, Yuesong Pan, Aoming Jin, Hao Li, Yongjun Wang
Summary: The ABCD3-I score showed good performance in predicting short-term stroke risk after TIA, but its predictive power decreased over time. The assessment of sICAS is important when using the ABCD3-I score for long-term stroke risk prediction in TIA patients.
JOURNAL OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND THROMBOSIS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Petros Alexidis, Pavlos Kolias, Vaia Mentesidou, Maria Topalidou, Efstathios Kamperis, Vasileios Giannouzakos, Konstantinos Efthymiadis, Petros Bangeas, Eleni Timotheadou
Summary: This study investigates factors leading to dysphagia and treatment prolongation in patients with head and neck cancer. The results show that the dose received in the primary site and the mean dose to the pharyngeal constrictor muscles are significantly associated with dysphagia. Higher age and the development of dysphagia are predictors of treatment prolongation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jaison Patel, George Hourston, Stephen M. McDonnell
Summary: The study found a weak positive linear association between BMI and cup size among total hip arthroplasty patients, with no significant connection between the two; height and weight showed more significant associations with cup size; there was also no significant relationship between obesity and acetabular bone size.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
