Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
Volume 20, Issue 9, Pages 1263-1269Publisher
INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D)
DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0794
Keywords
depressive symptoms; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; asthma; chronic bronchitis; mental health; chronic hypoxia; altitude
Categories
Funding
- FIC NIH HHS [R25 TW009340] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R00 HL096955, HHSN268200900033C, T32 HL007534] Funding Source: Medline
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SETTING: Depression is a prevalent comorbidity of chronic respiratory disease (CRD), and may indicate worse clinical outcomes. The relationship between depression and living with chronic hypoxia due to CRD or residence at altitude has received little attention in resource-poor settings. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between CRD conditions and depressive symptoms in four settings in Peru. DESIGN: We collected data on CRD and depressive symptoms in adults aged ?:35 years. Depressive symptoms were measured according to the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression was used to assess the adjusted odds of being in a higher category of depressive symptoms as a function of CRD. RESULTS: We analyzed data from 2953 participants (mean age 55.3 years, 49% male). The prevalence of major depressive symptoms was 19%, with significant variation according to setting. Participants with at least one CRD (OR 1.34, 95%CI 1.06-1.69) and those living at altitude (OR 1.64, 95%CI 1.10-2.43) had an increased adjusted odds of being in a higher category of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION: We found a high prevalence of depressive symptoms, and a positive association between depressive symptoms with CRD and with living at altitude, both of which cause chronic hypoxia.
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