Review
Construction & Building Technology
Saman Taheri, Paniz Hosseini, Ali Razban
Summary: Intelligent buildings use predictive technologies to optimize HVAC systems, reducing energy consumption while maintaining comfort. Model predictive control is an effective management method that can enhance energy efficiency by considering multiple objectives.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Nikiforos Zacharof, Orkun Ozener, Stijn Broekaert, Muammer Ozkan, Zissis Samaras, Georgios Fontaras
Summary: Efforts to reduce CO2 emissions from road transport have primarily focused on passenger cars, but there is now a shift in attention towards heavy-duty vehicles, which contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions despite their low percentage in the sector. This study investigated the impact of environmental conditions and passenger occupancy on auxiliary usage and CO2 emissions in a bus. Measurements were conducted in Istanbul, Turkey, and vehicle simulation models were developed. The findings revealed variations in auxiliary use and the potential for increased CO2 emissions under different conditions, highlighting the need for further research in this area.
Article
Thermodynamics
Fabio Nardecchia, Laura Pompei, Fabio Bisegna
Summary: The research investigates the potential of a new ceiling diffuser in an exhibition room, providing variable mass flow rate for thermal comfort. Experimental results show strong capability of the diffuser in providing uniform temperature and velocity field inside the room.
BUILDING SIMULATION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Changliang Nie, Xueyun Geng, Runqi Zhang, Lina Wang, Ling Li, Jianmin Chen
Summary: This study investigated the presence of cyanobacteria on the pre-filter of HVAC systems and found that the concentrations were highest in autumn and significantly higher compared to winter and summer. The airborne transportation of aquatic and terrestrial cyanobacteria contributed to their presence on the pre-filter. The dominant cyanobacteria families identified were Chroococcidiopsaceae, norank_cyanobacteriales, Nostocaceae, and Paraspirulinaceae. Some detected genera, such as Nodularia sp., Pseudanabaena sp., and Leptolyngbya sp., potentially produced cyanobacterial toxins that could pose a threat to human health. This study provides new insights into the distribution of cyanobacteria outside of aquatic habitats.
Review
Thermodynamics
Yat Huang Yau, Hui Sin Toh, Bee Teng Chew, Nik Nazri Nik Ghazali
Summary: This paper reviews the literature on the human thermal comfort model and explores the potential impact of raising indoor temperature to reduce air conditioning energy consumption in tropical regions on the indoor environmental quality and thermal comfort. Developing a human thermal comfort model based on stratum ventilation mode can serve as a reference for air conditioning system design in tropical buildings and indirectly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mina Saad, Micheal A. William, Amr Ali Hassan, Ahmed A. Hanafy
Summary: Within the past few years, indoor environmental quality (IEQ) has become a popular topic globally. People's awareness of the importance of healthy indoor air quality (IAQ) has been growing with their standard of living. This study examines the effects of different types of air diffusers in an enclosed office space in Alexandria, Egypt, on air velocities and temperature gradients using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models.
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jason Woods, Nelson James, Eric Kozubal, Eric Bonnema, Kristin Brief, Liz Voeller, Jessy Rivest
Summary: Air conditioning contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, and the emissions associated with reducing humidity are larger than those associated with reducing temperature. With increasing cooling demand worldwide, humidity-related emissions will significantly increase.
Article
Thermodynamics
Dasheng Lee, Shang-Tse Lee
Summary: The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) equipment has been extensively studied and numerous AI-equipped HVAC products have been launched. To design AI functions for energy-efficient HVAC systems, this study proposed a method that combined literature review with design thinking. However, the lack of cases of failed applications limited the depth of re-thinking. The study analyzed raw data from 88 research papers and concluded that AI application must be accompanied by necessary hardware improvements to achieve effective energy savings.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Jose Rodriguez, Nelson Fumo
Summary: This paper explores the historical perspective of cooling and heating control, the general description of thermal zones in HVAC systems, and the zoning methods for residential HVAC systems. The study aims to review current research on zoning in HVAC systems and suggests the use of intelligent zoning strategies based on user behavior and modeling with white box and data-based models.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yeonghun Kim, Minjung Lee, Yunchan Shin, Honghyun Cho
Summary: This study investigated thermal comfort during winter driving by measuring skin temperature, heart rate variability (HRV), and electroencephalogram (EEG), and conducting subjective questionnaires. The results showed that heating seat and HVAC with heating seat modes improved concentration, attention, and driving comfort compared to the HVAC heating mode.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shengwei Zhu, Tong Lin, Jose Guillermo Cedeno Laurent, John D. Spengler, Jelena Srebric
Summary: This study investigates the aerosol infection risk of COVID-19 in airport transportation vehicles and identifies acceptable operational conditions. The results show that the infection risk in the near-field (NF) is an order of magnitude higher than in the far-field (FF). Wearing masks is identified as an important and effective risk reduction measure.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mingchao Xia, Fangjian Chen, Qifang Chen, Siwei Liu, Yuguang Song, Te Wang
Summary: This paper proposes an adaptive optimal scheduling strategy for residential heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) based on deep reinforcement learning. By learning the state transition probability, the method can reduce electricity costs while ensuring comfort. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated through experimental results.
JOURNAL OF MODERN POWER SYSTEMS AND CLEAN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Fatih Topak, Gregory S. Pavlak, Mehmet Koray Pekericli, Julian Wang, Farrokh Jazizadeh
Summary: Buildings with shared spaces pose challenges in maintaining thermal comfort due to variable occupancy patterns and preferences. Conventional approaches aim for uniform temperature, but recent research integrates personal comfort models with HVAC controls, showing improvements in individualized thermal comfort and HVAC operations. This study aims to advance occupant-centric controls by evaluating the benefits of non-uniform thermal conditions in multioccupancy spaces and suggests energy-saving potential through airflow direction adjustments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Mirza Rayana Sanzana, Tomas Maul, Jing Ying Wong, Mostafa Osama Mostafa Abdulrazic, Chun-Chieh Yip
Summary: Despite the promising results of deep learning research, its application in the construction industry, particularly in Facility Management and Maintenance (FMM), is still limited. This review explores the use of deep learning techniques in FMM, specifically in the field of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) for predictive maintenance. The paper highlights the importance of establishing relevant public datasets for the effectiveness of deep learning techniques and discusses the current challenges in this area.
AUTOMATION IN CONSTRUCTION
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Daehyun Kim, Hyunmuk Lim, Jongmin Moon, Jinsoo Park, Gwanghoon Rhee
Summary: This study evaluated the heating performance of a large-scale factory and proposed effective heating strategies based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and building energy simulation (BES). It was found that energy losses due to forced ventilation and inflow of outside air contributed significantly to thermal comfort imbalance. The heating strategy proposed in this study could greatly improve thermal comfort while maintaining the same energy consumption levels for large-scale factories.
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Sang Min Lee, Chang Kyoung Choi, Seong Hyuk Lee
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2018)
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Chang Kyoung Choi, Jeffrey S. Allen, Seong Hyuk Lee
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2018)
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Minhaeng Cho, Seong Hyuk Lee
EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL AND FLUID SCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Joo Hyun Moon, Soyeong Lee, Jee Min Park, Jungho Lee, Daejoong Kim, Seong Hyuk Lee
JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Dani Fadda, Dong Hwan Shin, Jin Sub Kim, Jungho Lee, Seung M. You
Summary: A new concept of wickless and flat thermal ground plane (TGP) is proposed to dissipate heat from concentrated sources, using boiling heat transfer. Experimental results show that this new TGP can achieve low thermal resistance at different operating temperatures, with excellent performance and lighter weight compared to traditional methods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Sangmin Lee, Chang Kyoung Choi, Seong Hyuk Lee
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the dynamic characteristics of a liquid droplet on microscale hole-patterned surfaces, comparing the effects of anodization on hydrophilicity. Results showed that the dynamic contact angle decreased with an increase in hole area fraction for the anodized surfaces, while the equilibrium and dynamic contact angles increased for non-anodized surfaces. Additionally, the dynamic contact diameter increased with area fraction and Weber number for anodized surfaces.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Xiaomeng Wang, Dani Fadda, Dong Hwan Shin, Jungho Lee, Seung M. You
Summary: Experimental studies show that increasing the thickness of the copper pad can improve the overall thermal performance of the TGP, with better dryout conditions and the ability to withstand higher heat flux values. Despite slightly reducing the effective thermal conductivity of the TGP, it remains higher than that of plain copper.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Chang Kyoung Choi, Seong Hyuk Lee
Summary: In this research, the characteristics of pinning behaviors and local mass flux variations during droplet evaporation at different surface temperatures were investigated. The findings indicate that pinning time and Marangoni number increase with surface temperatures from 20°C to 50°C, but decrease at temperatures above 50°C. Additionally, the local mass flux at the contact line significantly increases over time, showing a ten-fold increase from 0.1t(f) to 0.9t(f).
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Myeongjin Kim, Joo Hyun Moon
Summary: This study investigates the heat transfer characteristics of a two-phase thermosyphon under different conditions using computational fluid dynamics, and reveals that thermal resistance decreases with increasing water amount, heat pipe diameter, and heater power.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xiaomeng Wang, Joo Hyun Moon, Dani Fadda, Dong Hwan Shin, Jungho Lee, Seung M. You
Summary: A thermal ground plane (TGP) device effectively spreads concentrated heat into a large area. The selected TGP utilizes bubble pumping to circulate fluid and keep the hot area wetted. The study investigates the effects of chamber thickness on the TGP's thermal performance.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Jungho Lee, Seong Hyuk Lee
Summary: This study numerically investigates the characteristics of forced immersion quenching and finds that boiling and convective heat transfer are the main cooling mechanisms in this process. Under the action of a water jet, a large amount of vapor is generated at the surface of the hot steel specimen, but the amount of vapor decreases with increased water jet velocity, leading to improved cooling performance.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Joo Hyun Moon, Soyeong Lee, Jungho Lee, Seong Hyuk Lee
Summary: This study numerically investigates the rapid cooling heat transfer characteristics of superheated solid surfaces when subjected to subcooled water jet impingement. The results show the formation of a vapor blanket near the impingement point, preventing direct contact between the liquid and heated surface.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Myeongjin Kim, Kyun Ho Lee, Dong In Han, Joo Hyun Moon
Summary: In this study, computational fluid dynamics is used to model the effective thermal conductivity of a vapor chamber and thermal ground plane. The research findings suggest that the effective thermal conductivity increases when the thickness decreases or the heat sink area becomes greater.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Joo Hyun Moon, Kyun Ho Lee, Haedong Kim, Dong In Han
Summary: This study proposes an improved Gaussian quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (GQPSO) algorithm for the thermal-economic optimization of a crossflow plate-fin heat exchanger (PFHE). The algorithm shows enhanced optimization performance by quickly searching for better global optimal solutions. The results demonstrate the efficiency of the improved GQPSO approach in finding more suitable solutions for the optimization problem.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dae Yun Kim, Min-Soo Kang, Kyun Ho Lee, Joo Hyun Moon
Summary: This study utilizes particle swarm optimization and genetic algorithms to optimize thermal systems, particularly the thermal system model of an electric vehicle. Simulations using Simulink and Simscape focus on optimizing the operation of a Li-ion battery pack and associated cooling components. The research addresses challenges related to applying optimization algorithms to these systems and shows that significant improvements can be achieved.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yunxia Ma, Fei Liu, Honggang Pan, Hongjian Zhang, Shuxia Yan, Ailing Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a dynamically tunable and switchable perfect infrared absorber that exhibits excellent electrical regulation performance and high absorptance. The absorption mechanism is explained using a multiple interference model, and it is proven to be polarization insensitive.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
F. J. dos Santos, G. S. M. Martins, M. Strobel, L. Beckedorff, K. V. de Paiva, J. L. G. Oliveira
Summary: This study investigates the effects of inlet conditions and plate's features on the thermal-flow performance of a gasket plate heat exchanger (GPHE) and assesses the impact of a modified tightening distance on its performance. No systematic study on the combined effects of inlet conditions and assembly accuracy on GPHE performance has been conducted before.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Alok K. Ray, Dibakar Rakshit, K. Ravi Kumar, Hal Gurgenci
Summary: The low thermal conductivity of phase change materials limits the heat transfer rate and application of latent heat storage systems. This numerical study examines the impact of two passive heat transfer enhancement techniques on the thermal performance of a latent heat storage system. The results show that the orientation and position of the heat transfer fluid tube have significant effects on the charging duration, while the discharging duration remains unchanged. The combined effect of orientation and eccentricity reduces the charging duration, but increases the discharging duration compared to the concentric domain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yalu Han, Yanlong Wang, Chenyang Liu, Xinmin Hu, Yin An, Zhengcai Li, Jiaxun Jiang, Lizhi Du
Summary: This paper investigates the calculation method of thermal conductivity in NAPLs-contaminated soils. By establishing NAPLs-contaminated soil models and using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) for calculation, an optimized three-dimensional model with high computational accuracy and efficiency is obtained. The study also finds that saturation and Nz parameters have a significant impact on calculation time, while the thermal conductivity of the two-dimensional model is more sensitive to anisotropy. The influence of porosity and NAPLs content on thermal conductivity should be considered during in-situ thermal desorption.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mostafa Taha, Song Zhao, Aymeric Lamorlette, Jean-Louis Consalvi, Pierre Boivin
Summary: For the first time, large-eddy simulations (LES) of the near-field region of large-scale fire plumes were performed using a pressure-based Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with low-Mach number approximation. The simulations showed quantitative agreement with experimental data and were consistent with previously-published numerical studies. The study demonstrated the computational efficiency of the proposed LBM solver in tackling fire-induced flows, suggesting LBMs as a good alternative candidate for modeling fire-related problems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Weixin Zhang, Yehang Xie, Yuqiang Ding, Zhao Liu, Zhenping Feng
Summary: This study investigated the impact of upstream slot leakage on the endwall film cooling characteristics of turbine blades. Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) technology was used to measure the film cooling characteristics, and numerical analysis was conducted to evaluate the aerodynamic performance. It was found that increasing the mass flow ratio of the upstream slot enhanced film cooling, decreased aerodynamic losses, and reduced the strength of passage vortex. However, reducing the distance between the slot and the blade leading edge only enhanced film cooling without affecting the leakage coverage area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rui Zhang, Zhen-lei Li, Yan-sheng Zhang, Dong Chen, Guo Yuan
Summary: This study discusses the heat transfer behavior of different jet forms on steel tubes. The results show that the annular jet performs better in terms of cooling intensity and uniformity. The cooling performances of the two jet forms are similar when the steel tube size is small. Therefore, the planar jet can be considered for smaller diameters due to its simplicity, low cost, and convenience in application.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. R. Khoei, A. M. Orvati Movaffagh, A. Rezaei Sameti
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive study on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of oxide-coated aluminum nano-powder. It is found that the thermal conductivity of oxide-coated aluminum nano-powder is significantly lower than that of the bulk aluminum, and it is affected by the density and temperature.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yanjin Wang, Jintao Xiong, Lingyu Chen, Zhihai Lv, Qian Wang
Summary: A solar radiation transfer model for spray cooling double skin facade (SC-DSF) is proposed in this study. The model is validated by experimental results and various influence factors are analyzed. The effectiveness of adjusting droplet coverage rate and size is also evaluated.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Bostjan Zajec, Blaz Mikuz, Anil Kumar Basavaraj, Marko Matkovic, Matej Tekavcic, Martin Draksler, Leon Cizelj, Bostjan Koncar
Summary: We have developed an advanced experimental setup to investigate flow and heat transfer in an annular channel. The setup allows heat transfer measurements and flow visualization using a temperature-controlled inner tube. Measurements can be conducted in both single-phase and two-phase flow regimes. The setup ensures a uniform velocity field in the annular channel using specially designed inlet and outlet headers. The inner copper tube is heated by water and contains turbulators for enhanced heat transfer and thermocouples for temperature measurement. A three-dimensional conjugate heat transfer CFD model has been developed and validated to accurately estimate heat losses in the setup. This study demonstrates the importance of numerical simulations in improving the interpretation of complex experimental results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Weijie Chen, Ke Wang, Yongqing Wang, Shantung Tu, Zunchao Liu, Huijuan Su
Summary: In this study, a novel gradient porosity transpiration cooling plate structure (GP-TCPS) is proposed to alleviate heat transfer deterioration caused by non-uniform temperature distribution in transpiration cooling plate structure (TCPS). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and response surface method (RSM) were used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the flow and heat transfer of GP-TCPS. The optimized structure of GP-TCPS significantly improves temperature uniformity, injection pressure, and average cooling efficiency compared to traditional TCPS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
R. Essam, A. Elsaid, W. K. Zahra
Summary: This study presents a novel bioheat model for simulating heat transfer in skin tissue. The model offers an improved representation of thermal dynamics in the skin and has been validated using numerical solutions and experimental measurements. The study highlights the importance of incorporating vascular inlet parameters and thermal relaxation effects in the thermal profile, and suggests potential applications in thermal therapy and wound healing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Dongbo Shi, Tao Xu, Zifeng Chen, Di Zhang, Yonghui Xie
Summary: The cooling structure design of turbine blades is crucial for the safety and reliability of the gas turbine set. This research investigates different arrangement schemes, including dimple/protrusion arrangements, to enhance the cooling performance. The results show that the arrangement scheme with both passes arranged by dimples has the best comprehensive thermal performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Emrehan Guersoy, Hayati Kadir Pazarlioglu, Mehmet Guerdal, Engin Gedik, Kamil Arslan
Summary: The thermo-hydraulic performance of Al2O3/H2O nanofluid with different nanoparticle shapes flowing in a sudden expansion tube with variable sudden expansion inclination angles and elliptical dimpled fins with different diameters were numerically investigated. The results showed that the nanoparticle shapes, sudden expansion inclination angles, and elliptical dimpled fin have significant impact on the thermo-hydraulic performance. This study reveals the novelty and importance of these factors in the research.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Rukun Hu, Xinyu Huang, Xinyu Gao, Liu Lu, Xiaohu Yang, Bengt Sund
Summary: This study examines the impact of applying bottom cross-cut on PCM's spatial distribution in a horizontal LHTES unit using numerical simulation. The findings show that bottom cross-cut can improve the heat storage rate and natural convection heat transfer gain.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2024)