Review
Food Science & Technology
Jiang Shi, Gaozhong Yang, Qiushuang You, Shili Sun, Ruohong Chen, Zhi Lin, Jesus Simal-Gandara, Haipeng Lv
Summary: This review paper summarizes the major progress in tea flavonoid chemistry, their dynamics during tea processing and storage, and their health functions studied between 2001 and 2021. The study identifies various novel tea flavonoids and their associations with tea's color, flavor, and health benefits. The interaction of tea flavonoids with the gut microbiota plays a vital role in their health-promoting effects.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hideki Maeda, Yuka Fukuda, Marika Uchida
Summary: The public knowledge-based application in Japan aims to eliminate off-label use due to drug lag. A comprehensive investigation over the past two decades found that more anticancer and pediatric drugs were approved through this system, with shorter review times compared to normal applications. Additionally, only one drug for orphan diseases was approved through this system.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhenfeng Shi, Jie Zhang, Lei Tian, Liang Xin, Chengyuan Liang, Xiaodong Ren, Min Li
Summary: Due to overuse of antibiotics, bacterial resistance has become a global problem and a major threat to human health. Fortunately, in recent years, new antibiotics with improved efficacy and novel mechanisms have been developed. This manuscript reviews approved antibiotics in the last 20 years, emphasizing their antibacterial properties, mechanisms, structure-activity relationships, and clinical safety. It also discusses current deficiencies, improvement opportunities, and prospects of antibiotics to provide insights for the design and development of safer and more potent antibiotics.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alex M. Ebied, Hesham Elmariah, Rhonda M. Cooper-DeHoff
Summary: According to the FDA, 50 novel drugs were approved in 2021, with a majority being reviewed and approved through an expedited pathway, and over half of them approved for the treatment of rare diseases.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuan Zou, Wei Chen, Siliang Li, Tiejun Wang, Le Yu, Min Xu, Ramesh P. Singh, Cong-Qiang Liu
Summary: This study conducted a detailed analysis of spatio-temporal vegetation patterns in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The results show a slow upward trend in vegetation indices and leaf area indices, with variations observed among different vegetation types and regions. The study also reveals significant correlations between air temperature, precipitation, and net primary production, as well as negative impacts of urbanization on vegetation.
Review
Microbiology
Andrey Rozenberg, Keiichi Inoue, Hideki Kandori, Oded Beja
Summary: Microbial rhodopsins are a diverse group of photoreceptive proteins that are present in all domains of cellular life and even encoded in viral genomes. They are classified into two families: type 1 rhodopsins and heliorhodopsins, both having seven transmembrane helices with similar structures but opposite membrane orientation. These rhodopsins are involved in a variety of light-driven energy and sensory transduction processes.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY, VOL 75, 2021
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sheikh Murtuja, Deepak Shilkar, Biswatrish Sarkar, Barij Nayan Sinha, Venkatesan Jayaprakash
Summary: This article provides a detailed analysis of each case of design and development of peptide inhibitors against DENV NS2B-NS3 protease in the past two decades. The reasons for their inhibitory activity are discussed, and suggestions to improve the inhibitory activity are highlighted whenever possible.
MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohd. Imran, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, Shah Alam Khan, Dhanalekshmi Unnikrishnan Meenakshi, Abdulhakeem S. Alamri, Walaa F. Alsanie, Majid Alhomrani, Yahya Mohzari, Ahmed Alrashed, Mohammed AlMotairi, Eman H. Alkhaldi, Abeer K. Alorabi, Ahmed Subeh Alshrari, Mohammad Tauseef, Abida, Saleh I. Alaqel, Ozair Alam, Md. Afroz Bakht
Summary: Protein kinase inhibitors are important therapeutic agents primarily used for treating cancer and inflammatory diseases. With time, more PKIs are expected to enter the generic drug market, potentially reducing the financial toxicity associated with existing PKIs. Despite the significant number of PKIs approved by the USFDA, there remains a large number of unexplored PKs.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Alex S. da Silva, Flavio Justino, Alberto W. Setzer, Alvaro Avila-Diaz
Summary: This study evaluated the use of Potential Fire Index (PFIv2) to identify regions prone to fire development and demonstrated its efficiency in predicting fire potential and danger. The PFIv2 was found to more accurately match observed fires from satellite detection and can be an important tool for decision makers in predicting vegetation fires development and fire danger.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jingrui He, Ziyi Li, Gagan Dhawan, Wei Zhang, Alexander E. Sorochinsky, Greg Butler, Vadim A. Soloshonok, Jianlin Han
Summary: This review article presents nine newly approved fluorine-containing drugs by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2021. These small molecule drugs feature aromatic fluo-rine, trifluoromethyl, and chlorodifluoro groups. The therapeutic areas of these fluorine-containing drugs include multiple myeloma, lymphoma, HIV, chronic heart failure, chronic myeloid leukemia, (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, migraines, von Hippel-Lindau disease, and non-small cell lung cancer. The review also discusses the brief biological activities and synthetic methods for each of these nine drugs.
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
(2023)
Review
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Frank Czerwinski
Summary: This article outlines the highlights of major Canadian research projects over the past two decades that aimed at advancing the applications of magnesium and its alloys. It also discusses the activities of the industrial sector in designing and building machinery for magnesium processing and production. The article highlights the various processing technologies and emerging research directions, such as magnesium air batteries, biodegradable alloys, additive manufacturing, and magnesium-rich high entropy alloys.
JOURNAL OF MAGNESIUM AND ALLOYS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Birgit Heim, Simeon Lisovski, Mareike Wieczorek, Anne Morgenstern, Bennet Juhls, Iuliia Shevtsova, Stefan Kruse, Julia Boike, Irina Fedorova, Ulrike Herzschuh
Summary: This study investigates the variability of snow-cover duration and summer vegetation vitality in the Lena Delta using satellite data and observations. The results show that both snow cover and vegetation greenness are strongly influenced by climate change, and recent temperature increase has had a positive impact on vegetation.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Adam Carrera-Aubesart, Maria Gallo, Sira Defaus, Toni Todorovski, David Andreu
Summary: Bioactive peptides have gained recognition in biomedical areas due to their unique interactions with biological membranes. Topoisomeric peptides, made up of D-amino acids, provide a way to overcome protease degradation and mimic native peptide structures. This review focuses on recent advances in topoisomeric peptides with therapeutic applications, such as drug delivery and antimicrobial and anticancer activities, and discusses their interactions with membrane targets.
Review
Polymer Science
Sergiu Coseri
Summary: Cellulose has clear advantages over synthetic fibers in the current global context, with great potential to substitute polluting fossil-based materials harmful to ecosystems. Research in cellulose is mainly aimed at industrial needs worldwide, with Romanian researchers making contributions in cellulose characterization and functionalization, as well as the applications of cellulose-based materials.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Theodore D. Kanellopoulos, Natalia Kapetanaki, Ioannis Karaouzas, Fotini Botsou, Angeliki Mentzafou, Helen Kaberi, Vasilios Kapsimalis, Aristomenis P. Karageorgis
Summary: This study is the first attempt to assess the trace element contamination in the surface sediments of the Hellenic Seas. It found that central Greece is more polluted, mainly due to industrial activities.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas P. Smith, Bhaskar Bhushan, Daniele Granata, Christian S. Kaas, Birgitte Andersen, Klaas W. Decoene, Qiansheng Ren, Haimo Liu, Xinping Qu, Yang Yang, Jia Pan, Quijia Chen, Martin Munzel, Akane Kawamura
Summary: As our understanding of biological systems increases, there is a growing need to selectively target individual or multiple members of specific protein families in order to investigate their function. Cyclic peptides play a crucial role in achieving high affinity and selectivity. This study utilizes mRNA display technology and next generation sequencing data to rapidly generate high affinity cyclic peptides with different selectivity profiles against a family of closely related proteins.
RSC CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monika Lisauskaite, Gemma L. Nixon, Christopher M. Woodley, Neil G. Berry, Andy Coninckx, L. Charlie Qie, Suet C. Leung, Donatella Taramelli, Nicoletta Basilico, Silvia Parapini, Stephen A. Ward, Oscar Vadas, Dominique Soldati-Favre, W. David Hong, Paul M. O'Neill
Summary: The emergence of resistance to current antimalarial treatments is a threat to global malaria control. This study focuses on the development of therapeutics with novel targets in Plasmodium parasites. The researchers designed hydroxyethylamine photoaffinity labelling probes for target engagement and proteomics experiments. One of the synthesized probes showed promising antimalarial activity and inhibitory effect. The findings provide a tool for future investigations on PMIX/PMX inhibition in antimalarial drug discovery.
RSC CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2024)